A&P of Pregnancy
● Terms
○ Gravida: # of times of pregnancy
○ Para: # of births (past 20 weeks)
■ T: term pregnancies
■ P: preterm pregnancies (>20 weeks)
■ A: abortion/miscarriages (
A&P of Pregnancy
● Terms
○ Gravida: # of times of pregnancy
○ Para: # of births (past 20 weeks)
■ T: term pregnancies
■ P: preterm pregnancies (>20 weeks)
■ A: abortion/miscarriages (<20 weeks)
■ L: # of living children
○ Nulli: never (ex. nulligravida)
○ Primi: first time (ex. primigravida)
○ Multi: second time/multiple (ex. multigravida)
○ Viability: capacity to outside the uterus
○ Abortion: expulsion of products of conception: elective or spontaneous
○ Preterm: births less than 37 weeks
○ Full term: births between 39 and 40 weeks
○ Chadwick’s sign: cervix turns blue
○ Hegar’s sign: lower uterine segment softens
○ Goodell’s sign: softening of the cervix
○ Ballotment: passive movement of unengaged fetus
○ Ptyalism: increased saliva
● Classification of Signs of Pregnancy
○ Presumptive (subjective)
■ Breast changes
■ N/V
■ Amenorrhea (missed period)
■ Frequent urination
■ Fatigue
■ Uterine enlargement
■ Quickening
○ Probable (objective)
■ Blood serum Hcg +
■ Chadwick’s sign
■ Hegar’s sign
■ Goodell’s sign
■ US of gestational sac
■ Linea nigra
■ Striae (stretch marks)
■ Braxton hicks contractions
■ Ballottement
■ Fetal outline felt on exam
○ Positive
■ FHR (10-12 weeks)
■ Fetal movement felt by examiner
■ US visualization of fetus
