Advanced Pharmacology MIDTERM EXAM GUIDE

A physician has ordered subcutaneous injections of morphine, a narcotic, every 4 hours as needed for pain for a motor vehicle accident victim. The nurse is aware that there is a high abuse potential for this drug and t ...

A physician has ordered subcutaneous injections of morphine, a narcotic, every 4 hours as needed for pain for a motor vehicle accident victim. The nurse is aware that there is a high abuse potential for this drug and that it is categorized as a Selected Answer: C-II drug.  Question 2 1 out of 1 points Glargine (Lantus) is an insulin analog that essentially has no peak and is usually administered: Selected Answer: Once a day.  Question 3 0 out of 1 points The NP is examining a 34-year-old obese man with a body mass index (BMI) of 35 who complains of almost daily indigestion and heartburn for the past year with a strong acid taste in the mouth about an hour after meals, and frequent belching and awakening at night with choking. The history is negative for chronic illnesses and alarm symptoms. A diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is made. What is the best initial treatment for the patient? Selected Answer: Ranitidine (Zantac) 150 mg bid.  Question 4 1 out of 1 points A patient comes to the clinic asking for help to quit drinking alcohol. She has a 21-year history of heavy drinking and is worried about developing cirrhosis of the liver. The patient agrees to take disulfiram (Antabuse). The nurse will teach the patient that the combination of alcohol and Antabuse will cause which of the following? Selected Answer: Nausea  Question 5 1 out of 1 points Typical adverse reactions to oral calcium-channel blockers include: Selected Answer: ede ma  Question 6 1 out of 1 points Mr. Contreras is a 64-year-old patient with Type 2 diabetes. He has recently been diagnosed with hypertension. Which antihypertensive drug is the recommended choice to treat hypertension in patients with diabetes? Selected Answer: ACE Inhibitor  Question 7 1 out of 1 points Mr. Johnson is an 80 year old male who is on Digoxin therapy. The Nurse Practitioner knows they should monitor the older adult patient for which of the most common adverse reactions of digoxin? Selected Answer: confusi on  Question 8 1 out of 1 points /Jillian is a Nurse Practitioner. She recognizes that Nurse Practitioner prescriptive authority Is regulated by: Selected Answer: The state board of nursing for each state  Question 9 1 out of 1 points A Nurse Practitioner is conducting an assessment of a patient who has recently had several changes made to her drug regimen. What assessment question most directly addresses the safety implications of the patient's drug regimen? Selected Answer: "Do you take any herbal supplements or alternative medications?"  Question 10 0 out of 1 points A patient has been started on a treatment regimen that includes levothyroxine. Select the dosage regimen that is most appropriate for a mean replacement dosage. The patient has been started on a treatment regimen that includes levothyroxine. Select the dosage regimen that is most appropriate for a mean replacement dosage. Selected Answer: 1.2 mcg/kg of body weight per day  Question 11 1 out of 1 points A Nurse Practitioner is caring for a patient who is diabetic and has been diagnosed with hypertension. An angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, captopril, has been prescribed for her. Which of the following should the Nurse Practitioner assess before beginning drug therapy? Selected Answer: Serum potassium levels  Question 12 1 out of 1 points A 76-year-old woman has a complex medical history that includes emphysema, osteoporosis, malnutrition, and hypothyroidism. Recently, the woman fell outside her home as a result of weakness and suffered a fracture to her femoral head. The woman's subsequent hip-replacement surgery has been scheduled and the care team recognizes that the use of isoflurane will be most significantly influenced by Selected Answer: her history of emphysema.  Question 13 1 out of 1 points A common side effect of metformin (Glucophage) therapy is: Selected Answer: diarrh ea  Question 14 0 out of 1 points The side effects of antihistamines are mostly due to their: Selected Answer: sedating effects  Question 15 0 out of 1 points The APRN's ability to prescribe controlled substances is regulated by: Selected Answers: DE A  Question 16 1 out of 1 points Which type of antihistamines are used to inhibit the secretion of gastric acid in patients with gastrointestinal disorders? Selected Answer: H2  Question 17 1 out of 1 points The recommended range for maintaining serum theophylline levels is: Selected Answer: 10 to 20 μg/mL.  Question 18 1 out of 1 points The anticoagulant drug that acts as a vitamin K antagonist is: Selected Answer: couma din  Question 19 0 out of 1 points Which of the following is a potential adverse side effect of autonomicanticholinergic agents? Selected Answer: Reduced GI motility  Question 20 0 out of 1 points The first drugs typically used to treat the symptoms of an allergic reaction or allergic rhinitis are: Selected Answer: intranasal H1 antihistamines.  Question 21 1 out of 1 points The point in time on the drug concentration curve that indicates the first sign of a therapeutic effect is the Selected Answer: onset of action  Question 22 1 out of 1 points Mr. Lastinger was prescribed warfarin sodium (Coumadin). You advise him to avoid eating large amounts of leafy green vegetables because: Selected Answer: The high vitamin K levels will decrease the INR  Question 23 1 out of 1 points Some first-generation antihistamines are used: Selected Answer: to prevent motion sickness  Question 24 1 out of 1 points All of the following agents are used to control the inflammatory changes seen in the lungs of asthmatics except: Selected Answer: Albuterol inhaler (proventil)  Question 25 1 out of 1 points Which of the following oral medications is the safest to use during pregnancy? Selected Answer: Methyldo pa  Question 26 1 out of 1 points Ginger, a 25 year old female presents at the clinic with known history of depression. She reports taking an SSRI with only partial relief. Which of the following drugs can be used safely at any dose in conjunction with an SSRI? Selected Answer: None of the aboive  Question 27 1 out of 1 points Jillian is a Nurse Practitioner. She recognizes that Nurse Practitioner prescriptive authority Is regulated by: Selected Answer: The state board of nursing for each state  Question 28 1 out of 1 points Biguanides control hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes primarily by acting at which organ? Selected Answer: Live r  Question 29 0 out of 1 points A possible side effect from the use of nifedipine (Procardia XL) is: Selected Answer: Hyperkalemia and tetany  Question 30 1 out of 1 points Metformin (Glucophage) acts by: Selected Answer: Decreasing hepatic glucose production with minor effects on insulin sensitivity in both liver and peripheral tissues  Question 31 1 out of 1 points A Nurse Practitioner is discussing with a patient the efficacy of a drug that his physician has suggested, and he begin taking. Efficacy of a drug means which of the following? Selected Answer: How well a drug produces its desired effect  Question 32 1 out of 1 points The Elderly are at high risk of Adverse Drug Reactions due to: Selected Answer: age related decrease in renal function  Question 33 1 out of 1 points A 34-year-old male patient is prescribed methimazole (MMI). The Nurse Practitioner will advise him to report which of the following immediately? Selected Answer: Intolerance to cold  Question 34 0 out of 1 points A patient with type 1 diabetes has been admitted to the hospital for orthopedic surgery and the care team anticipates some disruptions to the patient's blood glucose levels in the days following surgery. Which of the following insulin regimens is most likely to achieve adequate glycemic control? Selected Answer: Divided doses of intermediate-acting insulin every 2 hours, around the clock  Question 35 1 out of 1 points A patient in need of myocardial infarction prophylaxis has been prescribed sulfinpyrazone for gout. Which of the following will the nurse monitor the patient most closely for? Selected Answer: Bleeding