*NURSING > STUDY GUIDE > Study Guide for NR 293 Exam 1 (All)

Study Guide for NR 293 Exam 1

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Chapter 2 1. Define the common terms used in pharmacology Pharmacokinetic- the study of what the body does to the drug; involves the processes of absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion ... ; the study of what happens to a drug from the time it is put into the body until the parent drug and all metabolites have left the body; represent the drug absorption into, distribution and metabolism within, and excretion from the body Pharmacodynamics- the study of what the drug does to the body; involves drug– receptor relationships. First-pass effect- initial metabolism in the liver of a drug absorbed from the GI tract before the drug reaches systemic circulation through the bloodstream; reduces the bioavaibility of less than 100%, whereas drugs administered by the intravenous route are 100% bioavailable Bioavaibility- a measure of the extent of a drug absorption for a given drug and route (from 0% to 100%) Protein-binding Onset of action- time required for a drug to elicit a therapeutic response after dosings Peak Effect – the time required for a drug to reach its max. therapeutic response Duration of action- the length of time the concentration of a drug in the blood or tissues is sufficient to elict a response Half-life – in pharmacokinetics, the time required for half of an administered dose of drug to be eliminated by the body, or the time it takes for the blood level of a drug to be reduced Therapeutic index- ratio btwn toxic and therapeutic concentrations of a drug Trough level- lowest blood level; the lowest concentration of a drug reached in the body after it falls from its peak level, usually measured in blood sample for therapeutic drug monitoring Peak level- highest blood level; done usually at 12th level after 3rd dose; the max. concentration of a drug in the body after administration, usually measured in a blood sample for therapeutic drug monitoring Agonist- drug that binds to and stimulates the activity of one or more receptors in the body Antagonist- drug that binds to and inhibits the activity of one or more receptors in the body; also called inhibitors [Show More]

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