Saunders Medsurg Renal and Urinary_Revised 2021 Exam Elaborations Full Questions and Answers With Rationale Provided

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Saunders Medsurg Renal and Urinary_Revised 2021 Exam Elaborations Full Questions and Answers With Rationale Provided 1. A client with acute kidney injury has a serum potassium level of 7.0 mEq/L (7.0... mmol/L). The nurse should plan which actions as a priority? Select all that apply. 1. Place the client on a cardiac monitor. 2. Notify the health care provider (HCP). 3. Put the client on NPO (nothing by mouth) status except for ice chips. 4. Review the client's medications to determine if any contain or retain potassium. 5. Allow an extra 500 mL of intravenous fluid intake to dilute the electrolyte concentration. Answers: 1. Place the client on a cardiac monitor. 2. Notify the health care provider (HCP). 4. Review the client's medications to determine if any contain or retain potassium. Rationale: The normal potassium level is 3.5–5.0 mEq/L (3.5–5.0 mmol/L). A potassium level of 7.0 is elevated. The client with hyperkalemia is at risk of developing cardiac dysrhythmias and cardiac arrest. Because of this, the client should be placed on a cardiac monitor. The nurse should notify the HCP and also review medications to determine if any contain potassium or are potassium retaining. The client does not need to be put on NPO status. Fluid intake is not increased because it contributes to fluid overload and would not affect the serum potassium level significantly. 4. A client is admitted to the emergency department following a fall from a horse and the health care provider (HCP) prescribes insertion of a urinary catheter. While preparing for the procedure, the nurse notes blood at the urinary meatus. The nurse should take which action? 1. Notify the HCP before performing the catheterization. 2. Use a small-sized catheter and an anesthetic gel as a lubricant. 3. Administer parenteral pain medication before inserting the catheter. 4. Clean the meatus with soap and water before opening the catheterization kit. Answer: 1. Notify the HCP before performing the catheterization. Rationale: The presence of blood at the urinary meatus may indicate urethral trauma or disruption. The nurse notifies the HCP, knowing that the client should not be catheterized until the cause of the bleeding is determined by diagnostic testing. The other options include performing the catheterization procedure and therefore are incorrect. [Show More]

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