Chapter 1: Pharmacokinetics and Routes of Administration • Absorption ▪ Route of admin affects the rate and amount of absorption o Oral: ▪ GI pH and emptying time ▪ Presence of food in the stomach or intestines ▪ Form of
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Chapter 1: Pharmacokinetics and Routes of Administration • Absorption ▪ Route of admin affects the rate and amount of absorption o Oral: ▪ GI pH and emptying time ▪ Presence of food in the stomach or intestines ▪ Form of meds (liquid/XR) o Sublingual/buccalHalf-life: o Time it takes a medication level to drop in the body by 50%. o Short vs long half-life: long half-life has greater risk for med accumulation in body. • Agonist: enhance • Antagonist: blocks • Routes of admin: o Oral/Enteral: ▪ 90 degrees upright ▪ do not mix with large amo Intradermal: ▪ Used for allergy testing ▪ Used for tb testing ▪ Small amount of solution (no more than 0.1ml) ▪ 10-15-degree angle bevel up. o Z-track: for iron Chapter 2: Safe Med Admin and Error Reduction• 1oz=30mL • 1L=1000mL Chapter 4: IV Therapy • Rapid and precise • Circulatory overload is possible if too large or too rapid of an infusion • Admin can irritate vein • Can lead to sepsis if aseptic technique is broken • Distal veins on nondominant hand first • Write date/time, document size/site/appearanceChapter 1: Pharmacokinetics and Routes of Administration • Absorption ▪ Route of admin affects the rate and amount of absorption o Oral: ▪ GI pH and emptying time ▪ Presence of food in the stomach or intestines ▪ Form of meds (liquid/XR) o Sublingual/buccalHalf-life: o Time it takes a medication level to drop in the body by 50%. o Short vs long half-life: long half-life has greater risk for med accumulation in body. • Agonist: enhance • Antagonist: blocks • Routes of admin: o Oral/Enteral: ▪ 90 degrees upright ▪ do not mix with large amo Intradermal: ▪ Used for allergy testing ▪ Used for tb testing ▪ Small amount of solution (no more than 0.1ml) ▪ 10-15-degree angle bevel up. o Z-track: for iron Chapter 2: Safe Med Admin and Error Reduction• 1oz=30mL • 1L=1000mL Chapter 4: IV Therapy • Rapid and precise • Circulatory overload is possible if too large or too rapid of an infusion • Admin can irritate vein • Can lead to sepsis if aseptic technique is broken • Distal veins on nondominant hand first • Write date/time, document size/site/appearance
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