Chemistry > STUDY GUIDE > chemical kinetics SCIENCE 176Unit 2_ Chemistry Apex (All)
chemical kinetics SCIENCE 176Unit 2_ Chemistry Apex
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Key Terms chemical kinetics The study of the rates of chemical processes. reaction rate The speed at which a reaction occurs, which is described by the change in concentration of a reactant or pr... oduct over time. rate law An equation that describes the reaction rate in terms of concentrations of reactants. rate constant A constant, k, that gives the relationship between a reaction rate and the concentrations of reactants. reaction order The power to which a concentration term is raised in a rate law. overall reaction order The sum of the reaction orders of each of the reactants. zero-order reaction A reaction in which changes in concentration of the reactant do not affect the reaction rate. first-order reaction A reaction in which the rate of reaction depends on the concentration of one reactant raised to the first power. differential rate law A differential equation that relates the rate of a reaction to the concentrations of the species involved in the reaction.initial rate The instantaneous rate of a reaction at time zero. instantaneous rate The rate at a particular moment in time; the slope of the tangent to a point on a rate vs. time curve. integrated rate law An equation that expresses the rate of a reaction as the mathematical relationship between concentration and time. half-life The amount of time it takes for half of a reactant to be converted into product. radioactive decay Loss of particles or electromagnetic radiation from an unstable nucleus. 2.1.3Study:Rate Laws Define differential rate law. Rate law Reaction order Relationship of rate to reactant concentration Rate = k[A]0 First order Directly proportional to the square of the reactant concentrationDefine integrated rate law. Plot a line for a zero-, first-, and second-order integrated rate law. Be sure to include labels on the x- and y-axes. Write the corresponding equation for each line. This chart shows the data collected for an experiment measuring the rate of the degradation of nitrosyl bromide, NOBr, into nitric oxi [Show More]
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