South University, Savannah - NURSING 6005Pharm Quiz 8

ANSWERS ON THE LAST PAGE QUESTION 1 1. The nurse notices a cold sore on a patient's upper lip and requests medication; docosanol (Abreva) is ordered. Before applying the medication, the nurse would first 2. A. put gl ...

ANSWERS ON THE LAST PAGE QUESTION 1 1. The nurse notices a cold sore on a patient's upper lip and requests medication; docosanol (Abreva) is ordered. Before applying the medication, the nurse would first 2. A. put gloves on to protect herself. B. assess the area and make sure that there are no open lesions or abrasions. C. prepare the applicator for drug administration. D. clean the area to be treated and then pat it dry. 1 points QUESTION 2 1. An immunocompromised patient with a diagnosis of candidiasis has failed to respond to conservative therapy and has consequently begun treatment with amphotericin B. The nurse is aware that this drug achieves a therapeutic effect by way of its influence on 2. A. the osmolarity of fungal intracellular fluid. B. protein synthesis of fungal cells. C. the permeability of fungal cell walls. D. the production and maturation of CD4+ T-cells. 1 points QUESTION 3 1. A 20-year-old female patient is receiving topical clindamycin for acne vulgaris. She develops a rash and urticaria along with severe itching where the medication is applied. The nurse will formulate which of the following nursing diagnoses for the patient? 2. A. Imbalanced Nutrition: Less than Body Requirements B. Risk of Injury related to blood dyscrasia C. Risk for Injury related to allergic reactions D. Diarrhea 1 points QUESTION 4 1. A patient is to begin taking tobramycin (Nebcin) for a nosocomial infection. Which of the following assessments should the nurse prioritize? 2. A. The patient's ideal body weight B. The patient's blood pressure C. Other patient medications D. The peak and trough blood levels 1 points QUESTION 5 1. A 15-year-old boy is being carefully monitored for a skin infection and is being given ciprofloxacin. The nurse will observe for which of the following? 2. A. Arthropathy B. Hypotension C. Hepatitis D. Colitis 1 points QUESTION 6 1. Which of the following is critical to helping prevent development of resistant strains of microbes in patients? 2. A. Limit the exposure of bacteria to an antimicrobial agent B. Maintain the maximum safe frequency of antimicrobial drug ingestion C. Keep the antimicrobial drug dosage high D. Maintain the optimum duration of the antimicrobial agent 1 points QUESTION 7 1. A nurse is aware that the concept of selective toxicity is foundational to antimicrobial therapy. Which of the following statements most accurately describes selective toxicity? 2. A. A drug can be isolated and produced in a controlled manner in a laboratory setting. B. A drug's effect on microorganisms is proportionate to dose. C. A drug harms microbes without harming human cells. D. Most microbes may be collected from a host and cultured on an alternative medium. 1 points QUESTION 8 1. A 30-year-old African-American woman tested positive for TB and is prescribed isoniazid. The nurse will plan the patient's care to include close monitoring of the drug therapy because 2. A. the process of drug metabolism may be faster in this patient. B. the patient is at greater risk for high serum levels of the drug. C. the therapeutic effect of the drug may be too slow to be effective. D. the process of drug elimination will be faster in this patient. 1 points QUESTION 9 1. A patient has been prescribed daptomycin for a complicated skin infection. Which of the following will the nurse advise the patient to report immediately? 2. A. Nausea and vomiting B. Muscle pain or tingling C. Palpitations D. Abdominal pain 1 points QUESTION 10 1. A nurse is providing education to a patient who is taking INH. The nurse will advise the patient to avoid which of the following foods? 2. A. Potatoes and root vegetables B. Citrus fruits C. Chicken and fish D. Cheese, dairy products, and bananas 1 points QUESTION 11 1. A patient is taking rifampin (Rifadin) for active TB. When discussing this drug with the patient, the nurse should stress that 2. A. body fluids such as urine, saliva, tears, and sputum may become discolored. B. the drug usually causes cardiac arrhythmias. C. the drug frequently causes seizure activity. D. facial flushing may appear but will go away once therapy is concluded. 1 points QUESTION 12 1. A patient is being treated for Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia. She is allergic to penicillin and is being given azithromycin (Zithromax) in capsule form. The nurse will inform the patient that she will need to take the capsule 2. A. on an empty stomach. B. with food. C. immediately after she eats. D. with or without food. 1 points QUESTION 13 1. A 30-year-old woman who is in the first trimester of pregnancy has presented to her primary care provider with a 4-day history of a reddened, itchy left eye that is crusted with purulent exudate. The clinician suspects a bacterial, rather than viral, etiology. How will the patient's pregnancy affect the potential use of ciprofloxacin to treat her conjunctivitis? 2. A. It is safe for the patient to use topical ciprofloxacin but the oral route is potential teratogenic. B. The use of ciprofloxacin is contraindicated in pregnancy. C. The patient will require a lower dose and longer course of ciprofloxacin than a nonpregnant, adult patient. D. Ciprofloxacin is safe to use in pregnancy and the patient may use to same dose and route as a nonpregnant patient. 1 points QUESTION 14 1. A nurse is caring for a patient who is on amphotericin B. On morning rounds the patient reports weakness, numbness, and a tingling sensation in his feet. What would be a priority action by the nurse? 2. A. Keep the bed in a low position and the side rails up at all times. B. Reduce the drug dosage C. Encourage the patient to increase fluid intake. D. Use strict aseptic technique for drug administration. 1 points QUESTION 15 1. An immunocompromised cancer patient has developed cryptococcal meningitis and been admitted to the intensive care unit for treatment with amphotericin B. How should the nurse most safely administer this drug? 2. A. Flush the patient's central line with normal saline and infuse the amphotericin B by intravenous push over 5 to 7 minutes. B. Infuse the drug over 2 to 4 hours into a central line using an infusion pump C. Place the patient on a constant infusion of amphotericin B at a rate determined by the patient's body weight. D. Hang the drug by piggyback with lactated Ringer's and infuse over several hours to minimize the risk of infusion reaction 1 points QUESTION 16 1. A 7-year-old child has tonsillitis and is prescribed penicillin V, which is to be administered at home. The nurse will instruct the parents to administer the drug 2. A. intravenously with the assistance of a home health nurse. B. with a sip of water 1 hour before mealtime. C. with a glass of water 1 hour before or 2 hours after a meal. D. immediately before or with a meal. 1 points QUESTION 17 1. A patient is receiving cefazolin in combination with anticoagulants. To minimize the adverse effects during therapy, the nurse will 2. A. monitor the site of injection. B. monitor the patient for bleeding gums. C. continue therapy until 2 days after symptoms have resolved. D. administer the medication with small amounts of food and fluids. 1 points QUESTION 18 1. Sulconazole has been prescribed for a patient with tinea pedis. The nurse will instruct the patient to use the topical agent 2. A. three times a day. B. once a day. C. twice a day. D. as needed. 1 points QUESTION 19 1. A patient is receiving long-term clindamycin therapy for a life-threatening infection. The nurse will begin by monitoring this drug therapy by obtaining 2. A. a baseline complete blood count. B. liver enzymes weekly until the drug therapy is completed. C. blood glucose levels daily for 1 week. D. establishing the patient's auditory abilities. 1 points QUESTION 20 1. A nurse is explaining the use of acyclovir therapy to a 72-year-old man. Nephrotoxicity is discussed as a major adverse effect in older patients. To minimize the risk of the patient developing this adverse effect, the nurse will advise him to 2. A. take the tablets on an empty stomach. B. decrease the drug dosage if initial symptoms of nephrotoxicity appear. C. eat light meals every day. D. stay well hydrated by drinking at least eight 8-oz glasses of water daily. 1 points QUESTION 21 1. Which of the following nursing actions is most important in achieving successful antimicrobial therapy with vancomycin? 2. A. Provide maximum physical comfort to the patient B. Taper down the drug dosage gradually C. Promote adequate intake of fluids and nutrients D. Monitor serum drug level 1 points QUESTION 22 1. A patient has endocarditis and is taking gentamicin. The nurse will be sure to monitor which of the following? 2. A. Potassium level B. Creatinine clearance C. Prothrombin time D. Serum albumin level 1 points QUESTION 23 1. A 72-year-old patient is prescribed ophthalmic ciprofloxacin for a bacterial infection in her right eye. The nurse will teach her to observe for which of the following adverse effects of the drug? 2. A. Tendon ruptures B. Nephrotoxicity and neurotoxicity C. Cognitive changes D. Lid margin crusting and pruritus 1 points QUESTION 24 1. A 34-year-old male has been diagnosed with TB and will be started on INH therapy. The medication history reveals that he currently takes antacids on a regular basis. The nurse will instruct the patient to take 2. A. INH before meals and antacids 1 or 2 hours after meals. B. antacids not less than 1 hour before or 2 hours after taking INH. C. antacids during the day and INH only at night. D. antacids before meals and INH 1 or 2 hours after meals. 1 points QUESTION 25 1. A nurse has questioned why a patient's physician has prescribed a narrow-spectrum antibiotic rather than a broad-spectrum drug in the treatment of a patient's infection. Which of the following facts provides the best rationale for the use of narrow-spectrum antibiotics whenever possible? 2. A. The use of broad-spectrum antibiotics can create a risk for a superinfection. B. The efficacy of most narrow-spectrum antibiotics has not been proven. C. Narrow-spectrum antibiotics normally require a shorter duration of treatment. D. Broad-spectrum antibiotics confound the results of subsequent culture and sensitivity testing. 1 points QUESTION 26 1. A patient with AIDS has developed a number of secondary infections in recent weeks, including Kaposi's sarcoma. As a result of this most recent diagnosis, his care team has opted to begin treatment with interferon alfa-2a. The nurse is aware that this drug will address the etiology of Kaposi sarcoma by 2. A. potentiating the effects of phagocytes and macrophages. B. causing mutations in the DNA of cancerous cells. C. inhibiting tumor growth by enhancing inflammation. D. increasing the production of B cells and T cells. 1 points QUESTION 27 1. A 45-year-old female patient is prescribed ciprofloxacin to treat a bronchial infection. A nursing assessment revealed that she started taking daily vitamin supplements about 2 years ago. To maximize the therapeutic effects of the ciprofloxacin therapy, the nurse should advise the patient to 2. A. reduce the dosage of vitamin supplements and double the dosage of ciprofloxacin. B. reduce the dosage of vitamin supplements. C. take the vitamins at least 2 hours before or after taking ciprofloxacin. D. alternate the dosage of ciprofloxacin and vitamin supplements. 1 points QUESTION 28 1. A 43-year-old man has been diagnosed with active TB. He is prescribed a multiple drug therapy, including INH and rifampin. A priority assessment by the nurse will be to monitor which combination of laboratory test results? 2. A. Fasting blood sugar and 2-hour postprandial blood sugar B. Red blood count, white blood count, and differential C. Serum alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, and bilirubin D. Thyroid-stimulating hormone, thyroxine, and triiodothyronine levels 1 points QUESTION 29 1. Which of the following would a nurse assess for in a patient who is taking polymyxin B systemically? 2. A. Hyperkalemia and hyponatremia B. Endocarditis and hypertension C. Peripheral neuropathy D. Nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity 1 points QUESTION 30 1. A 9-year-old boy was bought to his primary care provider by his mother with signs and symptoms of hookworm infection and will be sent home with a prescription for mebendazole. When provided patient and family education, the nurse should teach the mother with which of the following measures to avoid reinfection following treatment? 2. A. The importance of vigilant hygiene for the boy and the other members of the family B. The need for the boy to provide serial stool samples for 6 months following treatment C. The need to supplement the anthelminthic drug with prophylactic antibiotics D. The need to use prescription skin cleansers during treatment and for 6 weeks after 1 points QUESTION 31 1. A nurse is instructing a colleague on how an antimicrobial produces a therapeutic effect. Which of the following should be included in the nurse's teaching? 2. A. Selective toxicity determines the appropriate drug dosage needed. B. The first drugs used to treat infections date back to the 17th century. C. Penicillin interferes with synthesis of the bacteria cell wall. D. Fluoroquinolones interfere with the growth and development of the bacteria cell wall. 1 points QUESTION 32 1. A patient has been prescribed oral tetracycline. The nurse will instruct the patient to take the drug 2. A. with a meal. B. with milk or fruit juice. C. at bedtime only. D. on an empty stomach 1 hour before or 2 hours after taking any meals or other drugs. 1 points QUESTION 33 1. A 49-year-old farmer who normally enjoys good health has become seriously ill in recent days and the results of an extensive diagnostic work up have resulted in a diagnosis of histoplasmosis. The patient has been admitted to the hospital and has begun treatment with amphotericin B. The nurse who is providing care for the patient should prioritize which of the following diagnostic results during his course of treatment? 2. A. Hemoglobin, hematocrit, and red blood cells B. Electrolytes, blood urea nitrogen, and creatinine C. C-reactive protein D. PT, PTT, and platelets 1 points QUESTION 34 1. A child is taking permethrin for head lice. The nurse will instruct her mother to 2. A. stop using creams, ointments, and oils on the child's skin and scalp. B. wash her hair daily with a good shampoo. C. maximize the child's fluid intake. D. increase her daily intake of milk. 1 points QUESTION 35 1. Laboratory testing has confirmed that a patient has chloroquine-resistant malaria and the patient's physician has prescribed quinine along with an adjunctive drug. The nurse should question the physician's order if the patient has a history of 2. A. diabetes mellitus. B. chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). C. cardiac arrhythmias. D. osteoporosis or low bone density.