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NURS 611 Pathophysiology Workbook 2.1 (Maryville University)

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Pathophysiology Workbook 2.1 Chapter Two Concepts: Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology 1. Hypertrophy Vs. Hyperplasia (McCance & Huether, 2019, pg. 7, question 25) “Hyperplasia is an increase in t ... he number of cells resulting from an increased rate of cellular division. Hyperplasia as a response to injury occurs when the injury has been severe and prolonged. Loss of epithelial cells and cells of the liver and kidney triggers DNA synthesis and mitotic division. Increased cell growth is a multistep process involving the production of growth factors, which stimulate the remaining cells to synthesize new cell components and, ultimately, to divide” (McCance & Huether, 2019, p.53-54). “Hypertrophy is an increase in the size of cells and consequently in the size of the affected organ. The cells of the heart and kidneys are particularly responsive to enlargement. Hypertrophy, as an adaptive response (muscular enlargement), occurs in the striated muscle cells of both the heart and skeletal muscles. Physiologic hypertrophy in skeletal muscle occurs in response to heavy work. Muscular hypertrophy tends to diminish if the excessive work load diminishes” (McCance & Huether, 2019, p.51) [Show More]

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