South University. PATHOPHSIO NSG5003Week 3 Patho Quiz. 100% With Instructor Explanation

Question 1. Question : During a stress response, the Th1 response is suppressed by which hormone? Student Answer: Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) Cortisol Prolactin Growth hormone ...

Question 1. Question : During a stress response, the Th1 response is suppressed by which hormone? Student Answer: Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) Cortisol Prolactin Growth hormone Question 2. Question : The function of opsonization related to the complement cascade is to: Student Answer: Tag pathogenic microorganisms for destruction by neutrophils and macrophages Process pathogenic microorganisms so that activated lymphocytes can be created for acquired immunity Destroy glycoprotein cell membranes of pathogenic microorganisms Promote anaphylatoxic activity, resulting in mast cell degranulation Question 3. Question : Which primary characteristic is unique for the immune response? Student Answer: The immune response is similar each time it is activated. The immune response is specific to the antigen that initiates it. The immune response to a specific pathogen is short term. The immune response is innate rather than acquired. Question 4. Question : The release of which cytokines is triggered by bacterial or viral infections, cancer, or tissue injury, which, in turn, initiate a stress response? Student Answer: IL-1 and IL-2 IL-12, tumor necrotic factor–alpha (TNF-α), and colony-stimulating factor IFN, tumor necrotic factor–beta (TNF-β), and IL-6 IL-4 and IL-24 Question 5. Question : A reduction in an individual’s number of NK cells appears to correlate with an increased risk for the development of: Student Answer: Depression Type 1 diabetes Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) Gastroesophageal reflux disorder (GERD) Question 6. Question : Which cells have a role in developing cell-mediated immunity? Student Answer: Th1 CD4 CD8 Th2 Question 7. Question : A nurse is providing care to a terminally ill adult who has been with his life partner for over 56 years. Research supports the nurse’s assessment of the life partner for signs of: Student Answer: Suicidal ideations Cardiac dysrhythmia Severe stress reaction Anorexia-induced weight loss Question 8. Question : Toxigenicity is defined as the: Student Answer: Ability of the pathogen to invade and multiply in the host Ability of the pathogen’s to produce disease by the production of a soluble toxin Ability of an agent to produce disease Potency of a pathogen measured in terms of the number of microorganisms required to kill the host Question 9. Question : The functions of the MHC and CD1 molecules are alike because both: Student Answer: Are antigen-presenting molecules Bind antigens to antibodies Secrete interleukins during the immune process Are capable of activating Tc lymphocytes Question 10. Question : Where are antibodies produced? Student Answer: Th lymphocytes Thymus gland Plasma cells Bone marrow Question 11. Question : Perceived stress elicits an emotional, anticipatory response that begins where? Student Answer: Prefrontal cortex Anterior pituitary Limbic system Hypothalamus Question 12. Question : Interferon-alpha (IFN-α) is secreted from which cells? Student Answer: Virally infected cells Bacterially infected cells Macrophages Mast cells Question 13. Question : What effect does estrogen have on lymphocytes? Student Answer: Depression of B cell functions and enhancement of T cell functions Depression of T cell functions and enhancement of B cell functions Depression of B and T cell functions Enhancement of B and T cell functions Question 14. Question : Which statement about vaccines is true? Student Answer: Most bacterial vaccines contain attenuated organisms. Most viral vaccines are made by using dead organisms. Vaccines require booster injections to maintain lifelong protection. Vaccines provide effective protection against most infections. Question 15. Question : Which body fluids have the ability to attack the cell walls of gram-positive bacteria? (Select all that apply.) Student Answer: Perspiration Semen Tears Saliva Urine Question 16. Question : Which organ is stimulated during the alarm phase of the general adaptation syndrome (GAS)? Student Answer: Adrenal cortex Hypothalamus Anterior pituitary Limbic system Question 17. Question : Activation of the classical pathway begins with: Student Answer: Viruses Antigen–antibody complexes Mast cells Macrophages Question 18. Question : The role of fibroblasts during the reconstructive phase of wound healing is to: Student Answer: Generate new capillaries from vascular endothelial cells around the wound Establish connections between neighboring cells and contract their fibers Synthesize and secrete collagen and connective tissue proteins Provide enzymes that debride the wound bed of dead cells Question 19. Question : Normal bacterial flora found in the intestines produce vitamin K to assist in the absorption of which of the following? (Select all that apply.) Student Answer: Calcium Fatty acids Large polysaccharides Iron Magnesium Question 20. Question : Why is the herpes virus inaccessible to antibodies after the initial infection? Student Answer: It does not circulate in the blood. It does not have antibody receptors. It resists agglutination. It is a soluble antigen.