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INTRODUCTION TO PSYCHOLOGY 101

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Know the six approaches to Psychology and the focus of each a. Psychoanalytic (Freud) – unconscious mind that effects our behavior, childhood & sex on personality development b. Behavorial (Watso ... n, Skinner) – concentrates on what the subject does rather than feels c. Gestalt (Kohler, Wertheimer) – whole experience is the sum of the parts, need all of consciousness to understand d. Humanistic (Maslow, Rogers) – all humans are motivated to reach full potential e. Cognitive – study cognition instead of behavior f. Biological/Medical/Physiological – interdisciplinary work 2. Understand the basic scientific approach as outlined in class, and the important differences between a true experiment and the correlational approach. Modify Support True Experiment Correlational Method 1) Randomly Divide Subjects 1) Measure Two Variables 2) Manipulate the Independent Variable 2) Calculate the Relationship 3) Measure the Dependent Variable Example: Mean Coffee gp = 75 bpm Mean no Coffee gp = 65 bpm Example: Pearson’s correlation = +.90 May infer that coffee CAUSED an increase in Heart Rate Support for hypothesis but cannot infer Causality 3. William James, Whilhelm Wundt, Charles Darwin, Sir Francis Galton, James Watson, Titchener a. William James – functionalism focusing on consciousness not the structure (disagreed with structuralism), Stream of Consciousness where you may focus on something and then find yourself thinking of something else b. Whilhelm Wundt – introspection c. Charles Darwin – evolution, natural selection, no matter what there is normal distribution d. Sir Francis Galton – Darwin’s cousin, Hereditary Genius (book) saying certain things such as intelligence ran in families, anthrometric (measuring everything they could about humans) [Show More]

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