NUR4870 week 4 Final Informatics Questions/answers {Keiser University } Latest Update

NUR4870 week 4 Final Informatics Questions and answers ● Question 1 0 out of 1 points Which of the following terms is defined as structured and controlled languages that have been developed according to terminology devel ...

NUR4870 week 4 Final Informatics Questions and answers ● Question 1 0 out of 1 points Which of the following terms is defined as structured and controlled languages that have been developed according to terminology development guidelines? Answer Correct Answer: Standardized terminologies Answer Feedback: Rationale: Standardized terminologies are structured and controlled languages that have been developed according to terminology development guidelines and have been approved by an authoritative body (HIMSS, 2006). Cognitive Level: Remembering Integrated Process: Communication and Documentation Client Need: Safe Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care ● Question 2 0 out of 1 points Sigma Theta Tau International completed a landmark EBP study in 2006. Which of the following was included in the findings? Answer Correct Answer: Nurses lacked access to appropriate materials to personally engage in EBP. Answer Feedback: Rationale: This landmark EBP study found that nurses needed information to provide patient care but many reported lacking comfort, skills, time, or access to appropriate materials to personally engage in EBP. This finding was particularly true for nurses entering practice five or more years earlier. Cognitive Level: Understanding Integrated Process: Teaching and Learning Client Need: Safe Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care ● Question 3 0 out of 1 points There are no available nursing informatics programs including doctoral degrees; therefore, nurses prepare for advanced practice through medical informatics curriculum. This answer is false because of which of the following reasons? Answer Correct Answer: There are a number of accredited advanced nursing education programs in informatics in the United States. Answer Feedback: Rationale: Doctoral degree programs are available in nursing informatics. Also available are master's degree and certificate programs. There is more interest in advanced education in nursing as health care and technology become more sophisticated. Cognitive Level: Remembering Client Need: Safe Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care ● Question 4 0 out of 1 points Nursing informatics employs information and computer technology to support all aspects of nursing practice, including research. Which is an example of supporting research? Answer Correct Answer: Development of a standardized nursing language Answer Feedback: Rationale: Your chosen response is an example of utilizing informatics tools that may or may not support research. Nurses do need familiarity with spreadsheets and statistics software and analysis for use in quality improvement activities, the creation and monitoring of budgets, and to better understand research findings. Development of a standard language for use within nursing would allow nurses, from different regions of a country or the world, to establish that they were describing the same phenomenon as well as conduct studies that could be replicated. Cognitive Level: Applying Client Need: Safe Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care ● Question 5 0 out of 1 points During the request for proposal phase of the information system planning process, which of the following would enhance the decision making process? Answer Correct Answer: Weighted scoring tool Answer Feedback: Rationale: The creation of a weighted criteria can facilitate decision making as items are weighed in terms of importance. For example, essential features may be given a weighting factor of 5, and desirable but not essential features may be given a weighting factor of 3. Weighting of each desirable system feature should be completed before the various systems are scored. Using a tool enhances the decision making process and talking time to reflect on decisions will be minimized. Cognitive Level: Evaluating Integrated Process: Assessment Client Need: Safe Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care ● Question 6 1 out of 1 points Which of the following devices are increasingly being deployed to facilitate learning? Answer Selected Answer: Classroom response systems (CRS) Correct Answer: Classroom response systems (CRS) Answer Feedback: Rationale: Classroom response systems (CRS) are increasingly being deployed to facilitate learning via the use of handheld transmitters. This hardware and software makes use of a "clicker" that beams information showing the response to specific, real time questions projected overhead to a group of students to a receiver on the instructor's computer which transforms the data into a chart detailing the responses. Some CRS systems work via other mobile devices such as student cell phones, PDAs, or laptops (Turning Technologies, 2010). Cognitive Level: Applying Integrated Process: Teaching and Learning Client Need: Safe Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care ● Question 7 0 out of 1 points Clinical researchers have experienced barriers due to HIPPA. These researchers need to be aware of HIPAA's Privacy Rule because it establishes the conditions under which covered entities can use or disclose PHI. Which of the following statements about HIPPA covered entities is accurate? Answer Correct Answer: Researchers are not covered entities unless they are also health care providers or employed by a covered entity or engage in any of the electronic transactions covered under HIPAA. Answer Feedback: Rationale: Researchers are not covered entities unless they are also health care providers or employed by a covered entity or engage in any of the electronic transactions covered under HIPAA. Covered entities actually may disclose PHI to researchers to aid in study recruitment. Cognitive Level: Applying Integrated Process: Communication and Documentation Client Need: Safe Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care ● Question 8 1 out of 1 points The TIGER initiative is an acronym for which of the following? Answer Selected Answer: Technology Informatics Guiding Education Reform Correct Answer: Technology Informatics Guiding Education Reform Answer Feedback: Rationale: TIGER Initiative (Technology Informatics Guiding Education Reform) focuses on transforming nursing education to maintain pace with the changes in information technology, professional nurses participating in developing informatics tools, and providing nurses with a national voice in advancing nursing information technology. Cognitive Level: Remembering Integrated Process: Communication and Documentation Client Need: Safe Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Safety and Infection Control ● Question 9 1 out of 1 points A program outcome essential for health care students is that they be skilled in which of the following? Answer Selected Answer: Applications that facilitate electronic literature searches Correct Answer: Applications that facilitate electronic literature searches Answer Feedback: Rationale: A program outcome essential for health care students is that they be skilled in applications facilitating electronic literature searches. Despite the availability and merits of this type of search, students fail to find useful information when their choice of search limiters or terms is not appropriate. Software for database management, spreadsheets, and presentations are useful but are not essential program outcomes. Cognitive Level: Applying Integrated Process: Teaching and Learning Client Need: Safe Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care ● Question 10 0 out of 1 points An ethnographer selects Ethnograph, a software program to analyze data obtained from client interviews. Which of the following is a potential disadvantage of using software for qualitative research? Answer Correct Answer: Research may be molded to fit the software program. Answer Feedback: Rationale: Research may be molded to fit the software program. This can result in data that are forced into patterns provided by the software program, possibly altering the final results. Computer capabilities may also tempt researchers to use large populations, thus sacrificing in-depth study for breadth. Separate data input is not required. Cognitive Level: Applying Integrated Process: Communication and Documentation Client Need: Safe Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care ● Question 11 0 out of 1 points Mobile technology can be found in health care organizations and useful in teaching nursing students. Which of the following devices are not currently used in the educational setting? Answer Correct Answer: Moodle Answer Feedback: Rationale: The term mobile learning or "m-learning" is a popular term that denotes the use of mobile technologies, such as the personal digital assistant (PDA). It also includes the mobile phone and iPod. Moodle is an online learning platform. Cognitive Level: Understanding Integrated Process: Teaching and Learning Client Need: Safe Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care ● Question 12 0 out of 1 points Which of the following is not considered an issue pertaining to the practice of telenursing? Answer Correct Answer: Nurses must be certified in telehealth nursing. Answer Feedback: Rationale: Major issues for nurses include questions of liability when information provided over the telephone is misinterpreted, when advice is given across state lines without a license in the state where the client resides, or, particularly, when an unintentional diagnosis comes from the use of an Internet chat room. Liability is unclear in these areas. Cognitive Level: Understanding Integrated Process: Caring Client Need: Safe Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care ● Question 13 0 out of 1 points Which statement is true concerning telehealth? Answer Correct Answer: Clients may stay within their own community to be assessed and treated, lowering potential costs. Answer Feedback: Rationale: Clients may stay within their own community to be assessed and treated, lowering potential costs. Access to care is typically improved, with time and travel savings for the client. Nurse practitioner services may actually be extended because of physician availability as resources. Clients may or may not have equipment at home with which they may transmit information; but access to care would not be delayed just because the equipment had not yet been delivered. Cognitive Level: Analyzing Integrated Process: Communication and Documentation Client Need: Safe Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care ● Question 14 0 out of 1 points Which statement related to telehealth technology is correct? Answer Correct Answer: Broad bandwidth of 384 kilobits and 30 frames per second is needed for diagnostic image interpretation. Answer Feedback: Rationale: Telehealth needs a broad bandwidth of 384 kilobits and 30 frames per second (FPS) for diagnostic image interpretation. The higher the FPS, the greater the resolution, which provides the best imaging results. DTV systems may not be able to handle the needed bandwidth. Cognitive Level: Understanding Integrated Process: Communication and Documentation Client Need: Safe Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care ● Question 15 0 out of 1 points Which national organization has begun to link public health electronic health records (EHRs) with an immunization tracking system? Answer Correct Answer: CDC Answer Feedback: Rationale: The Center for Disease Control is a national organization that has begun national initiatives to link public health electronic health records (EHRs) with an immunization tracking system. Cognitive Level: Remembering Integrated Process: Communication and Documentation Client Need: Safe Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care ● Question 16 0 out of 1 points The use of which of the following is a means of ensuring the data collection is accurate and valid? Answer Correct Answer: Standardized terminology Answer Feedback: Rationale: The use of standardized terminology is a means of ensuring the data collection is accurate and valid. Standardized terminology is essential for successful development and implementation of an EHR. Terminology is required to represent, communicate, exchange, manage, and report data, information, and knowledge. It enables safe, patient-centric, high quality health care that optimizes data collection for the measurement of patient outcomes. Cognitive Level: Understanding Integrated Process: Communication and Documentation Client Need: Safe Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care ● Question 17 0 out of 1 points Which of the following is the very first step in any strategic planning process? Answer Selected Answer: Gather key stakeholders Correct Answer: Realization of the need for change Answer Feedback: Rationale: The first step of the strategic planning process is the realization that there is a need for change. Cognitive Level: Understanding Integrated Process: Assessment Client Need: Safe Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care ● Question 18 1 out of 1 points Which of the following is the most appropriate team leader for a strategic planning team for an acute-care institution? Answer Selected Answer: Vice president of Nursing and Patient Care Services, appointed two years ago Correct Answer: Vice president of Nursing and Patient Care Services, appointed two years ago Answer Feedback: Rationale: Those in upper-level management, such as a vice president of nursing and patient care services, are appropriate team leaders for strategic planning because they have authority over relevant personnel. Those in lower-level management, such as supervisors, nurse managers, or resident physicians, may support the team effort but typically do not take as much of a leadership role. Cognitive Level: Analyzing Integrated Process: Planning Client Need: Safe Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care ● Question 19 1 out of 1 points The Omaha System has a multitude of functions. The system can store data describing problems, symptoms, modifiers, interventions, and outcomes. One of the benefits of the stored data is which of the following? Answer Selected Answer: Researching quality and effectiveness Correct Answer: Researching quality and effectiveness Answer Feedback: Rationale: Researching quality and effectiveness leads to evidence-based practice models and decision support rules. Data can be sorted and compared, and analyzed. The result is meaningful use of data. Cognitive Level: Understanding Integrated Process: Communication and Documentation Client Need: Safe Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care ● Question 20 0 out of 1 points Business continuity planning (BCP) is not a one-step or one-time activity but is a set of successive stages that are repeated periodically. It is best characterized as a life cycle. Which of the following supports continuity planning? Answer Selected Answer: Business continuity planning is associated with the cost incurred by vendors. Correct Answer: Lost or corrupted data are costly to re-create and threaten the survival of a business or health care delivery system in a highly competitive environment. Answer Feedback: Rationale: Business continuity planning (BCP) is not a one-step or one-time activity but is a set of successive stages that are repeated periodically. It is best characterized as a life cycle. A completed BCP life cycle results in a formal plan with a printed manual available for reference before, during, and after disruptions have occurred. Cognitive Level: Understanding Integrated Process: Communication and Documentation Client Need: Safe Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care ● Question 21 0 out of 1 points Distance education allows faculty and students connectivity to telecommunications via sophisticated phone systems. Which of the following is considered a component of distance learning? Answer Selected Answer: Flash drive Correct Answer: Computer Answer Feedback: Rationale: Distance education is the use of print, audio, video, computer, teleconferencing capability, or the World Wide Web (WWW) to connect faculty and students who are located at a minimum of two different locations. Cognitive Level: Understanding Integrated Process: Teaching and Learning Client Need: Safe Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care ● Question 22 1 out of 1 points During the orientation to the renal oncology unit, the head nurse demonstrated the usefulness of the Clinical Care Classification (CCC) System. Throughout the demonstration, the head nurse discussed the value of the system to patient care. Which of the following statements best reflects the usefulness of CCC? Answer Selected Answer: The Clinical Care Classification (CCC) System facilitates patient care documentation at the bedside. Correct Answer: The Clinical Care Classification (CCC) System facilitates patient care documentation at the bedside. Answer Feedback: Rationale: The Clinical Care Classification (CCC) System is a nursing classification designed to document the six steps of the nursing process across the care continuum (Saba, 2007). It facilitates patient care documentation at the point of care. Cognitive Level: Applying Integrated Process: Communication and Documentation Client Need: Safe Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care ● Question 23 0 out of 1 points Many health care agencies lack the infrastructure to accommodate and support information systems (IS) during an environmental disaster. Which of the following can threaten IS during an environmental disaster? Answer Selected Answer: Underground power lines Correct Answer: Presence of excessive heat Answer Feedback: Rationale: Underground power lines are not a threat. The presence of excessive heat can threaten IS by shutting down computers and causing processing errors. Sufficient fuel should be on hand to power generators for at least one week; therefore, a 10 day supply is not a threat. Housing IS in areas above the first floor means key computers and data are not threatened by potential flooding. Cognitive Level: Analyzing Integrated Process: Communication and Documentation Client Need: Safe Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care ● Question 24 0 out of 1 points The management of a busy tertiary acute-care institution is weighing the decision to outsource information-management services. Which of the following factors is critical to that decision? Answer Selected Answer: Management can control the implementation of system updates, maintenance, and system downtimes. Correct Answer: Access to resource personnel available for assistance will be improved when technical problems arise. Answer Feedback: Rationale: An advantage includes access to qualified resource personnel, often 24/7. However, there is less control over implementation, security of data and customization may not be possible. Cognitive Level: Understanding Integrated Process: Assessment Client Need: Safe Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care ● Question 25 0 out of 1 points Technology has changed health care. Which of the following best depicts how technology has impacted the consumer? Answer Selected Answer: Technology has created information overload for all consumers. Correct Answer: The consumer is savvier about health and health care. Answer Feedback: Rationale: With an increase in the number of quality health-based websites, the health care consumer has a multitude of ways to learn about their illness, diagnosis, treatment, and side effects of therapy. To that end, health care providers are now caring for a savvier consumer of health care who is holding them accountable for their decisions. With the increase in technology, there is a great deal of information on the Internet, however, consumers of health care can be assisted in sorting through the irrelevant and concentrate on sites that will educate and guide them. Cognitive Level: Analyzing Integrated Process: Communication and Documentation Client Need: Safe Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care ● Question 26 0 out of 1 points One major barrier to telehealth was removed with the passage of the Telecommunications Act of 1996. Which of the following was the outcome of removing this major barrier? Answer Selected Answer: The act created the Agriculture Department's information Rural Development network. Correct Answer: Vendors of cable and telephone services were allowed to compete in each others' markets. Answer Feedback: Rationale: The major barrier to telehealth that was removed with the passage of the Telecommunications Act of 1996 allowed vendors of cable and telephone services to compete in each others' markets. This helped to open the door to create the information superhighway needed to provide the framework to support telehealth. A different act, the Agriculture Department's 1991 Rural Development Act, laid the groundwork to bring the information superhighway to rural areas for education and telehealth purposes. Cognitive Level: Understanding Integrated Process: Communication and Documentation Client Need: Safe Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care ● Question 27 0 out of 1 points The nurse gathers much data when caring for clients. Which is an example of the higher-level "information" useful in caring for clients? Answer Selected Answer: The client is a widowed 64-year-old black male admitted with prostatitis. Correct Answer: After receiving Rocephin (ceftriaxone sodium) 1.0 gram IV yesterday, the client reported feeling better today. Answer Feedback: Rationale: Your chosen response is an example of having pieces of data without interpretation. "Information" necessitates that the nurse interpret and structure the results of clinical data into information. Cognitive Level: Understanding Integrated Process: Assessment Client Need: Safe Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care ● Question 28 0 out of 1 points Lost or damaged data have a negative impact on business processes, impede the delivery of safe care, reduce productivity, and undermine public confidence. It is estimated that somewhere between what percentage of organizations that have incurred a significant downtime with data loss will go out of business within five years? Answer Selected Answer: 10 to 50% Correct Answer: 40 to 90% Answer Feedback: Rationale: It is estimated that somewhere between 40 to 90% of organizations that sustain a significant downtime with data loss will go out of business within five years. Lost data are costly to recreate and threaten the survival of a business or health care delivery system in a highly competitive environment. Cognitive Level: Remembering Integrated Process: Communication and Documentation Client Need: Safe Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care ● Question 29 0 out of 1 points After data have been collected during the internal and external environmental scans, the committee's next step is which of the following? Answer Selected Answer: Write the pros and cons of the proposed upgrades Correct Answer: Determine feasibility from technical, financial, time and resource perspectives Answer Feedback: Rationale: After data have been collected during the internal and external environmental scans, the project implementation team must perform analysis, identifying trends in the current operations as well as future needs and expectations, and determine feasibility from technical, financial, time, and resource perspectives. Current trends in health care should be identified when considering future needs and may be related to topics such as consumer-driven healthcare, managed care and other financial health care coverage and reimbursement considerations. Cognitive Level: Remembering Integrated Process: Planning Client Need: Safe Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care ● Question 30 0 out of 1 points Which statement indicates the appropriate level of informatics competencies to the correct nurse? Answer Selected Answer: An experienced staff nurse creates databases employing SNOMED. Correct Answer: A nurse informatics specialist extrapolates data to develop best practice model for indwelling catheter care. Answer Feedback: Rationale: An experienced staff nurse does not have the skills to create a database using a standardized language. Cognitive Level: Understanding Client Need: Safe Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care ● Question 31 0 out of 1 points Benchmarking is considered an important component of the strategic planning process. Which of the following statements best represents its purpose? Answer Selected Answer: Benchmarking is the continual process of measuring services and practices against the mission of the organization. Correct Answer: Benchmarking is the continual process of measuring services and practices against the toughest competitors in the health care industry. Answer Feedback: Rationale: Benchmarking is the continual process of measuring services and practices against the toughest competitors in the health care industry. Plans are developed based on how information services might facilitate a task via the use of benchmarking. Cognitive Level: Evaluating Integrated Process: Evaluation Client Need: Safe Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care ● Question 32 0 out of 1 points Which of the following answers is not an advantage of Web 2.0 technologies? Answer Selected Answer: Enriches health care professional collaboration Correct Answer: Minimizes communication Answer Feedback: Rationale: These technologies can enhance effective communication, manage information, and enrich professional collaboration. Examples of Web 2.0 technologies include blogs, podcasts, vodcasts, wikis, and YouTube. Cognitive Level: Understanding Integrated Process: Teaching and Learning Client Need: Safe Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care ● Question 33 0 out of 1 points Which of the following is an accurate statement of YouTube's usefulness in the classroom setting? Answer Selected Answer: Most instructors do not see the usefulness of YouTube. Correct Answer: Digital natives desire multimedia educational experiences. Answer Feedback: Rationale: Digital natives are characterized by their understanding of multimedia and sophisticated skill with computer technologies. They prefer multimedia and the "multi-tasking" it requires and are quite comfortable using technology. In light of the needs and preferences of this twenty-first century student, engaging these students and new employees requires the nurse educator to begin exploring the use of strategies like YouTube and Second life. YouTube "is a place for people to engage in new ways with video by sharing, commenting on, and viewing videos" (YouTube, 2007). Cognitive Level: Applying Integrated Process: Teaching and Learning Client Need: Safe Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care ● Question 34 0 out of 1 points Which of the following authorized the development of a national, near real-time information network to coordinate federal and state response to public health emergencies? Answer Selected Answer: Sarbanes-Oxley Act Correct Answer: Pandemic and All-Hazards Preparedness Act Answer Feedback: Rationale: The Pandemic and All-Hazards Preparedness Act authorized development of a national, near real-time information network. This network coordinates federal and state response to public health emergencies. The HIPAA security rule requires continuity planning and disaster recovery processes. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act legislates corporate responsibility; it impacts the health care industry by increasing demands for fiscal responsibility and accurate financial reports and disclosure. The Federal Information Privacy and Security Act established a minimum standard of performance for the protection of information and information systems managed by federal agencies, their contractors, and other agencies acting on their behalf. Cognitive Level: Understanding Integrated Process: Communication and Documentation Client Need: Safe Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care ● Question 35 0 out of 1 points Which statement regarding pressures that drive the health care delivery system today is not accurate? Answer Selected Answer: Medication errors and adverse events may be reduced with the implementation of computerized physician order entry (CPOE). Correct Answer: The current and projected nursing shortage may be eliminated by instituting technology enhancements in the acute care setting. Answer Feedback: Rationale: Your chosen response is an example of a statement that is indeed accurate. The one statement that is not accurate is the one about eliminating the current and projected nursing shortage by instituting technology enhancements. Although the nursing shortage may not be eliminated with information technology, the probability that errors may be reduced with the implementation of technology that enables the health care provider to double check medication administration may help with client safety. Cognitive Level: Analyzing Client Need: Safe Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care ● Question 36 0 out of 1 points Which of the following is considered a major challenge with public health informatics (PHI)? Answer Selected Answer: Need to convince health care providers of PHI benefits Correct Answer: Need to have stronger linkages and interface between and among providers and systems Answer Feedback: Rationale: One of the major challenges with PHI is the need to have stronger linkages and interface between and among providers and systems to enhance communications particularly related to man-made and natural disasters around the globe. Cognitive Level: Understanding Integrated Process: Communication and Documentation Client Need: Safe Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care ● Question 37 0 out of 1 points Research has suggested that there is a positive correlation between an individual's health literacy and which of the following? Answer Selected Answer: Computer skills Correct Answer: Health outcomes Answer Feedback: Rationale: Health literacy has been linked to positive health outcomes. Experts suggest this phenomenon be investigated further to determine the extent of the relationship. Cognitive Level: Analyzing Integrated Process: Communication and Documentation Client Need: Safe Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care ● Question 38 0 out of 1 points The benefit of using a weighted scoring tool during the decision making phase of the strategic planning process is which of the following? Answer Selected Answer: To convince committee members of the usability of the system Correct Answer: To employ a quantitative tool that assists in the selection process Answer Feedback: Rationale: A weighting of each desirable system feature should be completed before the various systems are scored. The use of a weighted scoring tool allows for a quantitative analysis of collected data. Cognitive Level: Remembering Integrated Process: Assessment Client Need: Safe Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care ● Question 39 1 out of 1 points There are four major principles of public health informatics that are distinguishable from other types of informatics. Which of the following responses is not considered a principle? Answer Selected Answer: Should not reflect the governmental context in which public health is practiced. Correct Answer: Should not reflect the governmental context in which public health is practiced. Answer Feedback: Rationale: The primary focus of public health informatics should be on applications of science and technology that do the following: 1. Promote the health of populations as opposed to health of individuals. 2. Prevent disease and injury by altering the conditions or the environment putting populations at risk. 3. Public health applications should explore the potential for prevention of all vulnerable points in the causal chains leading to injury, disease, or disability, and applications should not be restricted to particular social, behavioral, or environmental contexts. 4. They should reflect the governmental context in which public health is practiced. Cognitive Level: Understanding Integrated Process: Communication and Documentation Client Need: Safe Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care ● Question 40 0 out of 1 points Health care consumers have all the information and tools to make health care choices because they can easily compare quality and cost of care. Which of the following is correct? Answer Selected Answer: The statement is true because most consumers have Internet access. Correct Answer: The statement is false because the tool has not been developed. Answer Feedback: Rationale: There is an identified need for health care consumers to have the information and tools they needed to make the health care choices right for them by making it easier to compare quality and cost of care. This need has not yet been met. Cognitive Level: Understanding Client Need: Safe Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care ● Question 41 0 out of 1 points Virtual Learning Environments (VLEs) are used more in the classroom as a learning tool for nurses. Which of the following statements is accurate about the use of VLEs? Answer Selected Answer: Faculty members have difficulty creating measurable objectives for its use. Correct Answer: VLEs allow learners to practice new skills without fear of harm to themselves or others. Answer Feedback: Rationale: Faculty can create measurable objectives for any learning activity. Cognitive Level: Analyzing Integrated Process: Teaching and Learning Client Need: Safe Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care ● Question 42 0 out of 1 points How can the nationwide "digital divide" be closed by health care professionals? Answer Selected Answer: Provide additional resources in regions that do not have access to technology. Correct Answer: Provide online health care resources that are equally distributed. Answer Feedback: Rationale: Equitably distributed online health care resources, skill in using these resources, and a robust telecommunications infrastructure can contribute to the closing of the digital divide and the overarching goal of Healthy People 2010 to eliminate health disparities. Cognitive Level: Analyzing Integrated Process: Communication and Documentation Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance ● Question 43 0 out of 1 points During the implementation phase in the strategic planning process, what is the initial task of the working committee? Answer Selected Answer: Develop procedures Correct Answer: Develop a timeline Answer Feedback: Rationale: Development of a timeline is the first task of the committee. Other subsequent tasks during this phase include budgeting, procedure development, and execution of the plan. Cognitive Level: Understanding Integrated Process: Planning Client Need: Safe Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care ● Question 44 1 out of 1 points Knowledge discovery in databases (KDD) is a term used in other industries that is now seen in health care circles. Which of the following statements about KDD is accurate? Answer Selected Answer: The confidentiality of individual records may be protected through the use of data perturbation. Correct Answer: The confidentiality of individual records may be protected through the use of data perturbation. Answer Feedback: Rationale: This statement about KDD is accurate: The confidentiality of individual records may be protected through the use of data perturbation. This is a technique that modifies actual data values to hide confidential information while maintaining underlying aggregate relationships of the database. Further research is needed on the use of data perturbation and its potential to introduce bias (lack of bias is not guaranteed by the vendor). Commercial packages are available in a range of prices and platforms. KDD provides a powerful tool suitable for the analysis of large amounts of data, but not small amounts. Cognitive Level: Applying Integrated Process: Communication and Documentation Client Need: Safe Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care ● Question 45 1 out of 1 points Which of the following technologies does collaborative computing not use to achieve its goals? Answer Selected Answer: Handheld devices Correct Answer: Handheld devices Answer Feedback: Rationale: Collaborative computing may use e-mail, desktop videoconferencing, other telecommunication tools, digital libraries, or shared databases to join persons of like interests from locations across the globe. Cognitive Level: Applying Integrated Process: Planning Client Need: Safe Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care ● Question 46 1 out of 1 points Which of the following is not associated with information literacy? Answer Selected Answer: Familiarity with the use of personal computers and software Correct Answer: Familiarity with the use of personal computers and software Answer Feedback: Rationale: Familiarity with the use of personal computers and software is an example of computer literacy. Information literacy is defined as the ability to recognize when information is needed as well as the skills to find, evaluate, and use needed information effectively. It includes a fundamental understanding of ethical issues surrounding the access and use of information. All other responses are associated with information literacy. The information literate nurse can weigh the quality and significance of research findings for clinical practice. Cognitive Level: Applying Client Need: Safe Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care ● Question 47 0 out of 1 points The impact of standardized terminology throughout the U.S. health care system has grown exponentially. Medicare and Medicaid have begun to offer financial incentives to health care providers to promote adoption and meaningful use of interoperable health information systems and a qualified health record. Which of the following statements best describes meaningful use? Answer Selected Answer: The goal of meaningful use is to provide a warehouse of data that supports medication renewal and patient teaching plans. Correct Answer: The goal of meaningful use is to exchange clinical structured data in a manner that is accurate and complete to improve patient care in a cost-efficient way. Answer Feedback: Rationale: The goal of meaningful use is to exchange clinical structured data in a manner that it is accurate and complete to improve patient care in a cost-efficient way. One of the primary facets of meaningful use is the use of standardized language. Cognitive Level: Applying Integrated Process: Communication and Documentation Client Need: Safe Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care ● Question 48 1 out of 1 points A nurse researcher selects a notebook computer to collect data for a research study. Which statement regarding data collection using mobile devices is accurate? Answer Selected Answer: Time and costs relating to scrubbing data are usually much reduced. Correct Answer: Time and costs relating to scrubbing data are usually much reduced. Answer Feedback: Rationale: Time and costs relating to scrubbing data are usually reduced when data are collected using mobile devices such as a notebook computer. This eliminates transcription errors and lost or illegible paper notes, while speeding the data collection and analysis process. Interactive data collection tools offer the advantages of engaging the participant and eliminate redundant data entry. Cognitive Level: Applying Integrated Process: Communication and Documentation Client Need: Safe Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care ● Question 49 0 out of 1 points Which of the following statements is true about goals? Answer Selected Answer: A goal defines the mission of the organization. Correct Answer: A goal is an open-ended statement that describes in general terms what is to be accomplished. Answer Feedback: Rationale: A goal is an open-ended statement that describes in general terms what is to be accomplished. In contrast, objectives state how and when an organization will meet its goals. Cognitive Level: Understanding Integrated Process: Planning Client Need: Safe Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care ● Question 50 0 out of 1 points The role of the informatics nurse does not include assessing the usability of devices for health care consumers. This statement is false because of which of the following reasons? Answer Selected Answer: The informatics nurse is concerned more with the actual device than the usability. Correct Answer: The development of policy regarding usability is an important part of the informatics nurse's role. Answer Feedback: Rationale: Informatics nurses do have a role in assessing the usability of devices for health care consumers, including the development of health policy. Cognitive Level: Applying Client Need: Safe Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care ● Question 51 1 out of 1 points Which action indicates the nurse is functioning as a knowledge worker? Answer Selected Answer: The nurse auscultates diminished breath sounds in a postoperative client the morning after abdominal surgery and encourages the client to turn, cough, and deep breathe every hour instead of every two hours. Correct Answer: The nurse auscultates diminished breath sounds in a postoperative client the morning after abdominal surgery and encourages the client to turn, cough, and deep breathe every hour instead of every two hours. Answer Feedback: Rationale: The nurse as knowledge worker interprets and structures clinical data into information that can then be used to aid clinical decision making and patient monitoring over time. In this case, the nurse auscultated diminished breath sounds in a postoperative client the morning after abdominal surgery. The nurse compared the data to the knowledge that the client may be developing atelectasis, and acted upon this by having the client turn, cough, and deep breathe more frequently than the standard practice of every two hours. Cognitive Level: Applying Integrated Process: Diagnosis Client Need: Safe Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care ● Question 52 0 out of 1 points The ANA has recognized the Omaha System and integrated the terminology into SNOMED CT. Which of the following best represents the value of the Omaha System? Answer Selected Answer: The Omaha System provides nursing diagnoses. Correct Answer: The Omaha System is a problem classification scheme. Answer Feedback: Rationale: The Omaha System is a problem classification scheme that identifies signs and symptoms, clinical findings, intervention scheme interventions, and procedures. NANDA International (NANDA-I) provides nursing diagnoses. Cognitive Level: Applying Integrated Process: Communication and Documentation Client Need: Safe Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care ● Question 53 0 out of 1 points Which of the following is an example of a goal for strategic planning? Answer Selected Answer: The scope of home care services will be maintained with the same budget for the next fiscal year, during which an audit will be conducted. Correct Answer: Expand services to include e-health capability for consumers. Answer Feedback: Rationale: The example of a goal for strategic planning is: Expand e-health services to include consumer online pre-registration capability. This meets the definition of a goal: an open-ended statement that describes in general terms what is to be accomplished. The other responses are objectives; that is, stating how and when a goal will be met. An objective is more specific than a goal. Cognitive Level: Applying Integrated Process: Planning Client Need: Safe Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care ● Question 54 0 out of 1 points A virtual learning environment (VLE) is a system that uses the Internet to assist faculty in developing, managing, and administering educational materials for students. Which type of continuing nursing education content is least suited for a VLE alone? Answer Selected Answer: A program reviewing drug calculations and dosages for medication administration Correct Answer: A refresher program on various types of injection administration skills Answer Feedback: Rationale: Continuing nursing education using VLE is useful for a variety of subjects. However, content with heavy skill components should be paired with some actual time in a nursing skills laboratory. Cognitive Level: Applying Integrated Process: Teaching and Learning Client Need: Safe Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care ● Question 55 0 out of 1 points For which type of research is knowledge discovery in databases (KDD) least appropriate? Answer Selected Answer: To test the hypothesis that polycystic kidney disease is best treated with antihypertensive Correct Answer: To identify the efficacy of a treatment for children with the rare and fatal Batten disease. Answer Feedback: Rationale: KDD is least appropriate for identifying the efficacy of a treatment for children with the rare and fatal Batten disease. KDD identifies complex patterns and relationships in collected data; it is a powerful tool, suitable for the analysis of large amounts of data. KDD may be used to identify risk factors for diseases or efficacy of particular treatment modalities. However, KDD is not used when insufficient data would be available, as in the case of a rare disease. Cognitive Level: Analyzing Integrated Process: Communication and Documentation Client Need: Safe Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care ● Question 56 0 out of 1 points Telehealth has caused officials concern about the privacy of information as it crosses state lines. Which of the following statements can be considered a resolution by health care professionals? Answer Selected Answer: Experts have enacted a number of bills stopping the growth of telehealth. Correct Answer: Experts have called for the creation of standards for e-health, particularly for security and identity management. Answer Feedback: Rationale: Although telehealth should not create any greater concerns or risks to medical record privacy than any other form of consultation, records that cross state lines are subject to HIPAA regulations and state privacy laws. Security and confidentiality of telehealth services are crucial to acceptance by consumers and professionals (Hildebrand, Pharow, Engelbrecht, Blobel, Savastano, & Hovsto, 2006). For this reason experts have called for the creation of standards for e-health, particularly for security and identity management. Nurses need to be mindful of these issues when technicians, not bound by professional codes of ethics, are present at telehealth sessions. Cognitive Level: Remembering Integrated Process: Communication and Documentation Client Need: Safe Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care ● Question 57 0 out of 1 points The electronic health record (EHR) provides the database needed to support research and evidence-based practice. Which of the following best depicts the use of the EHR in the collection of data? Answer Selected Answer: Extrapolating data from an EHR can be a lengthy process and counterproductive. Correct Answer: Incorporation of evidence-based guidelines into the EHR can improve the quality of care. Answer Feedback: Rationale: The EHR provides the database needed to support research and evidence-based practice and has the potential to change and shape care practices. Incorporation of evidence-based guidelines into the EHR and the ability to access data driven information at the bedside puts care and support literally in the hands of clinicians, standardizes evidence-based care, improves quality, and ultimately advances care for patients and satisfaction for providers. Cognitive Level: Applying Integrated Process: Diagnosis Client Need: Safe Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care ● Question 58 0 out of 1 points What is metadata? Answer Selected Answer: A backup copy of all data within an organization Correct Answer: A set of data that provides information about how, when, and by whom data are collected, formatted, and stored Answer Feedback: Rationale: Metadata is a set of data that provides information about how, when, and by whom data are collected, formatted, and stored. Metadata is essential to the creation and use of data repositories. Backup allows restoration of data if, or when, they are lost. Cognitive Level: Understanding Integrated Process: Communication and Documentation Client Need: Safe Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care ● Question 59 1 out of 1 points Each organization must select its criteria for business disaster recovery timeframes based upon its own perspective. Data flowcharts help to ensure which of the following? Answer Selected Answer: All critical processes are documented Correct Answer: All critical processes are documented Answer Feedback: Rationale: Data flowcharts help to ensure that all critical processes are documented. The other answer choices do not relate to data flowcharts. Cognitive Level: Understanding Integrated Process: Communication and Documentation Client Need: Safe Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care ● Question 60 0 out of 1 points Which of the following statements are accurate about emergency and backup plans? Answer Selected Answer: Emergency and backup plans are the same. Correct Answer: A backup plan outlines steps to ensure the availability of resources for ongoing business and information system processing operations whereas an emergency plan provides direction during and immediately after an incident. Answer Feedback: Rationale: A backup plan outlines steps to ensure the availability of key employees, vital records, and alternative backup facilities for ongoing business and information system processing operations. An emergency plan provides direction during and immediately after an incident. This may include a provision to switch to duplicate hardware and networks as a means to minimize disruption of services (Wainwright, 2007). Cognitive Level: Applying Integrated Process: Communication and Documentation Client Need: Safe Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care ● Question 61 0 out of 1 points Over the next few years, nursing informatics and other health informatics disciplines will crisscross, resulting in more interdisciplinary projects. This statement is true because of which of the following reasons? Answer Selected Answer: Nurse informatics specialists understand all of the disciplines and are able to effect changes in technology. Correct Answer: Nurse informatics specialists will work collaboratively with other disciplines to develop user-friendly systems. Answer Feedback: Rationale: Nursing informatics will change rapidly over the next few years. There will be a continued blur between nursing informatics and other health informatics specialties, including more interdisciplinary projects. Cognitive Level: Analyzing Client Need: Safe Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care ● Question 62 0 out of 1 points Which of the following statements is true about telehealth? Answer Selected Answer: Telehealth is not useful in treating rural patients. Correct Answer: Telehealth can be used to treat prisoners. Answer Feedback: Rationale: One of the uses of telehealth has been to offer health care to rural residents. Cognitive Level: Understanding Integrated Process: Caring Client Need: Safe Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care ● Question 63 0 out of 1 points Which of the following groups have been selected to help drive the changes necessary to transform the health care delivery system, improve quality of services delivery, and improve safety? Answer Selected Answer: Members of the Institute of Medicine Correct Answer: Informatics nurse specialists Answer Feedback: Rationale: The IOM is an independent organization that provides unbiased and authoritative advice to decision makers and the public. Cognitive Level: Understanding Integrated Process: Teaching and Learning Client Need: Safe Effective Care Environment ● Question 64 0 out of 1 points Which of the following occurrences may not qualify as a disaster? Answer Selected Answer: The health department is wiped out after a fire. Correct Answer: The rheumatology department of a multi-specialty clinic is without analog telephone access for two hours (computer network connections remain intact). Answer Feedback: Rationale: A disaster is any occurrence that disrupts or disables necessary business functions, requiring an immediate action. Losing analog telephone service is an inconvenience but not a disaster. Patients can still be cared for, data are not lost, and all mission-critical activities can occur despite a potential delay. Loss of an entire building or office with the health records can be considered a disaster. Cognitive Level: Analyzing Integrated Process: Communication and Documentation Client Need: Safe Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care ● Question 65 0 out of 1 points In 2001, the Joint Commission introduced new emergency management standards for hospitals, long-term care facilities, and behavioral health and ambulatory care that focus on the concept of community involvement in the management process. What event was recently added by the Joint Commission to the list of events that organizations must consider in their plans? Answer Selected Answer: Information security Correct Answer: Bioterrorism Answer Feedback: Rationale: The Joint Commission recently added bioterrorism to the list of events that organizations must consider in their plans. The other choices are guidelines that have been in place since 2001. Cognitive Level: Understanding Integrated Process: Communication and Documentation Client Need: Safe Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care ● Question 66 0 out of 1 points After data have been collected during the internal and external environmental scans, the project implementation team must complete which process before identifying trends in the current operations? Answer Selected Answer: Assess financial resources Correct Answer: Data analysis Answer Feedback: Rationale: After data have been collected during the internal and external environmental scans, the project implementation team must perform analysis, identifying trends in the current operations as well as future needs and expectations, and determine feasibility from technical, financial, time, and resource perspectives. Cognitive Level: Understanding Integrated Process: Assessment Client Need: Safe Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care ● Question 67 0 out of 1 points Which statement by the nurse verifies that the nurse is "information literate"? Answer Selected Answer: "I use email over the Internet to correspond with clients and provide information." Correct Answer: "I understand how to search for a website and evaluate its usefulness for health care needs." Answer Feedback: Rationale: Your chosen response is an example of computer literacy but, it does not have the higher functions of information literacy. Information literacy necessitates that nurses have the ability to find, evaluate, and effectively use information. Cognitive Level: Understanding Integrated Process: Planning Client Need: Safe Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care ● Question 68 0 out of 1 points Standards of care reflect best practices based on research findings. Which of the following is an example of how the incorporation of national standards of care and drug information helps health care institutions? Answer Selected Answer: The incorporation of national standards of care and drug information helps to eliminate co-pays. Correct Answer: The incorporation of national standards of care and drug information helps to decrease malpractice claims through adherence to standards of care. Answer Feedback: Rationale: The incorporation of national standards of care and drug information helps health care institutions in the following ways: 1. Eliminates redundant efforts by individual institutions to prepare their own standards and formularies. 2. Decreases malpractice claims through adherence to standards of care. Cognitive Level: Applying Integrated Process: Communication and Documentation Client Need: Safe Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care ● Question 69 0 out of 1 points The use of the Internet for health information has grown exponentially in the past few years. There are a multitude of reasons for individuals to check online before contacting their health care provider. Which of the following statements is a major reason why people turn to the Internet and websites for health related information? Answer Selected Answer: People refuse to pay the co-pay when they can find out about their illness for free. Correct Answer: People are reluctant to bother their primary healthcare provider. Answer Feedback: Rationale: One of the major reasons people turn to the Internet or websites when they feel sick is because they do not want to bother their healthcare providers with their question. Cognitive Level: Understanding Integrated Process: Communication and Documentation Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance ● Question 70 0 out of 1 points Which of the following best defines an e-patient? Answer Selected Answer: Checks hospitals online for services Correct Answer: Assumes access to health care information each day Answer Feedback: Rationale: There has been a paradigm shift in the expectation of the health care consumer or patient. An increasing number of consumers have a greater expectation and an increase in learning more about their personal health. To that end, the Internet and related health web sites have become an important component in the understanding of health and illness. "E-patients" are individuals who assume access to health care information 24/7 and expect to be a partner in health care decision making. Cognitive Level: Understanding Integrated Process: Communication and Documentation Client Need: Safe Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care ● Question 71 0 out of 1 points In which way does medical informatics overlap with nursing informatics? Answer Selected Answer: Medical and nursing informatics focus on hospital security. Correct Answer: Medical and nursing informatics focus on the areas of information retrieval. Answer Feedback: Rationale: Informatics has subsequently emerged as an area of specialization within the various health care disciplines and is one of the fastest growing career fields in health care. Overlap occurs among medical, dental, and nursing informatics primarily in the areas of information retrieval, ethics, patient care, decision support, human to computer interactions, information systems, imaging, computer security, and computerized health records (Guenther & Caruth, 2006). Cognitive Level: Remembering Client Need: Safe Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care ● Question 72 0 out of 1 points Describe at least three factors in the current healthcare delivery system that drive the implementation of information technology in the acute care setting. Answer Selected Answer: Evidence-based practice Correct Answer: Increased numbers of digital natives in nursing practice Answer Feedback: Rationale: Patient safety, nursing shortage, managed care, and evidenced based practice are all factors that impact the acceptance and implementation of information technology in the acute care setting. Cognitive Level: Understanding Client Need: Safe Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care ● Question 73 0 out of 1 points The Centers for Disease Control (CDC) have begun national initiatives to link public health electronic health records (EHRs) with an immunization tracking system (CDC, 2011). This tracking system is focused on allowing EHRs of state and local health departments to share data with immunization information systems and integrate these records with the CDC's vaccine tracking system. The initiative focuses on communication and which of the following? Answer Selected Answer: The ability to work in tandem with governmental databases Correct Answer: The ability to provide reminders, extend resources, and track records Answer Feedback: Rationale: With respect to public health communication and tracking of immunizations, the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) have begun national initiatives to link public health electronic health records (EHRs) with an immunization tracking system (CDC, 2011). This tracking system is focused on allowing EHRs of state and local health departments to share data with immunization information systems and integrate these records with the CDC's vaccine tracking system (CDC, 2011). A major focus of this initiative is to foster communication that facilitates the ability to track, provide reminders, and extend the human and financial resources needed to track immunization records. Cognitive Level: Understanding Integrated Process: Communication and Documentation Client Need: Safe Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care ● Question 74 1 out of 1 points Which example of an online resource is inappropriate for telehealth professionals? Answer Selected Answer: Client electronic medical records with progress and treatment Correct Answer: Client electronic medical records with progress and treatment Answer Feedback: Rationale: Client electronic medical records with progress and treatment are