BIO CHEMIST 3053 BIOCHEMISTRY GIFT 2 SPRING 2021 POSSIBLE QUESTIONS BLUE POSSIBLE ANSWERS FROM PREVIOUS GIFT YELLOW HIGHLIGHT NOTES GREEN.

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1. Which enzyme is considered [REDACTED]? e.g. Which enzyme is considered part of TCA and ETC? a. Malate dehydrogenase b. Citrate synthase c. Isocitrate dehydrogenase d. NADH ubiquinone oxidoredu... ctase e. FADH2 ubiquinone oxidoreductase also called succinate dehydrogenase - rate-limiting: - glycolysis → PFK - TCA → isocitrate dehydrogenase - ETC → cytochrome oxidase 2. A solution at pH [REDACTED] contains a weak acid, HA. The pKa of the acid is [REDACTED]. What is the ratio of [A–]:[HA]? - use HH equation: pH = pKa + log [A–]/[HA] pH = pKa + log [base]/[acid] [base]/[acid] = answer 3. In mitochondria, what is the expected [REDACTED]? - ETC pumps protons out of matrix & into intermembrane space → intermembrane space more acidic, matrix more basic e.g. In mitochondria, what is the expected pH of the matrix compared to the intermembrane space? a. More acidic b. The same c. More neutral d. More basic e. Greater proton concentration e.g. In mitochondria, what is the expected pH of the intermembrane space compared to the matrix? a. More acidic b. The same c. More neutral d. More basic e. Greater proton concentration 4. When Compound C [REDACTED] electrons to Compound D, then Compound D [REDACTED] and Compound C [REDACTED] . see “Other Notes – Redox” for in-depth explanation e.g. When Compound C gives electrons to Compound D, then Compound D is a(n) and Compound C is a(n) . a. oxidant, reductant b. reductant, oxidant c. oxidized, reduced d. reduced, oxidized e.g. When Compound C gives electrons to Compound D, then Compound D is and Compound C is . a. oxidant, reductant b. reductant, oxidant c. oxidized, reduced d. reduced, oxidized 5. When Compound C [REDACTED] electrons from Compound D; Compound D [REDACTED] and Compound C [REDACTED] . see “Other Notes – Redox” for in-depth explanation e.g. When Compound C takes electrons from Compound D; Compound D is a(n) and Compound C is a(n) . a. oxidant, reductant b. reductant, oxidant c. oxidized, reduced d. reduced, oxidized e.g. When Compound C takes electrons from Compound D; Compound D is and Compound C is . a. oxidant, reductant b. reductant, oxidant c. oxidized, reduced d. reduced, oxidized 6. What provides the energy to [REDACTED] for the formation of [REDACTED]? e.g. What provides the energy to ATP synthase for the formation of ATP? a. Electron flow b. Proton flow c. GTP d. Phosphoryl transfer e. Equilibrium shift - ATP synthase allows p+ to flow intermembrane space (high concentration) → matrix (low concentration) - p+ go through water wheel & create mechanical energy - mechanical energy harnessed to produce ATP from ADP + Pi 7. What [REDACTED] in the mitochondria do? (Select all that apply) - cristae: - increase surface area of inner membrane - matrix: - TCA - heme biosynthesis - β-oxidation - inner membrane: - porphyrin synthesis - urea synthesis - fatty acid oxidation - ETC oxidoreductase activity - establish proton gradient e.g. What do cristae structures in the mitochondria do/provide? a. Pores for the movement of proteins b. These are proteins found in the inner membrane c. These proteins seal the inner membrane d. These structures increase surface area of the inner membrane e. These structures anchor to the F1F0 ATP synthase 8. (True/False) The amino acid [REDACTED] at pH 7.4 has [REDACTED]. - a negative charge on the side chain - D, E - a positive charge on the side chain - K, R - two charged groups but is actually a net zero charge - H, everything else e.g. (True/False) The amino acid T at pH 7.4 has two charged groups but is actually a net zero charge. Congratulations! Due to your success in Dr. Daniel’s Biochemistry class, you have been selected by NASA to do the biochemical write up on a new organism recovered from a Martian probe! During your analysis you have discovered a brand new electron transport chain! The organism appears to use electron transport as its primary source of energy rather than ATP. This leaves you with a couple of questions to answer (9–13): During your analysis you discover a new electron transport chain based on: • Ickygreenone + H+ + 2e– → Ickygreenol e.g. –0.5 V [REDACTED] V • Barsoom + H+ + 2e– → Barsool e.g. –1.25 V [REDACTED] V e.g. equations rewritten for electron flow: Ickygreenone + H+ + 2e– → Ickygreenol ∆E = –0.5 V Barsool → Barsoom + H+ + 2e– ∆E = 1.25 V 9. Which species is the reductant for the proposed ETC? - lower voltage e.g. Barsool 10. Which species is the oxidant for the proposed ETC? - higher voltage e.g. Ickygreenone 11. Which series of voltages [REDACTED]? e.g. Which series of voltages is correct for the given reactions? → [ –0.5 V, 1.25 V ] 12. What is the free energy [REDACTED]? - ∆G = –nF∆E - ∆G = free energy - n = # e– - F = Faraday’s constant = 23.06 kcal/VM - ∆E = calculated change in V (add ∆E values of equations together (after flipping)) e.g. What is the free energy of the proposed electron transport chain? ∆G = –nF∆E ∆G = –(2)(23.06)(–0.5 + 1.25) ∆G = –(2)(23.06)(0.75) ∆G = –34.59 kcal/mol 13. From one run of the proposed electron transport chain, how many [REDACTED]? e.g. From one run of the proposed electron transport chain, how many mol ATP could be made? → 4 mol (–34.59) / (–7.3) = 4.7 mol ATP → 4 mol ATP - divide ∆G by –7.3 kcal/mol (EATP = –7.3 kcal/mol) - round down to whole number 14. (True/False) [REDACTED] can be directly converted to [REDACTED] in one step by [REDACTED]. - (True/False) Malate can be directly converted to pyruvate in one step by a single enzyme. - (True/False) Malate can be directly converted to acetyl CoA in one step by a single enzyme. - (True/False) 1 mol FBP can be directly converted to 2 mol GAP in one step by a single enzyme. 15. What is the material in Figure 4 (bottom of this page)? [REDACTED] see “Other Notes – Structures” for more information e.g. What is the material in Figure 4 (see #20)? → pyruvate [Show More]

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