A&P 2 Module 5

Problem Set 1 1. The urinary system is composed of a pair of kidneys, two ureters, a urinary bladder and the urethra. The kidneys carry out fluid homeostasis, filtration of wastes and homeostasis of blood volume and ch ...

Problem Set 1 1. The urinary system is composed of a pair of kidneys, two ureters, a urinary bladder and the urethra. The kidneys carry out fluid homeostasis, filtration of wastes and homeostasis of blood volume and chemical makeup. The ureters are tubes which transport the urine from kidney to bladder. The bladder stores urine. The urethra carries the urine out of the body. 2. The adult kidney is bean shaped, about the size of a can of soup and weighs about 5 ounces. 3. The right kidney is located in the lumbar region between the T-12 and L-3 vertebra. It lies lower than the left kidney because of the liver's location just above it. 4. The renal sinus is the space within the kidney near the cleft called the renal hilus. It is the entry point of the ureters, blood vessels, and nerves. 5. 1 = renal cortex 2 = renal medulla 3 = adipose capsule 4 = renal fascia 5 = renal capsule 6 = ureter 7 = renal pelvis 8 = renal vein/artery 9 = renal hilus 10 = calyx 6. (1) The renal capsule is a tough fibrous outer skin which protects it from injury and infection. (2) The adipose capsule is a fatty layer that protects the kidney from trauma. (3) The outer renal fascia is dense fibrous connective tissue which keeps the kidney in place inside the abdominal cavity. 7. The renal cortex contains the glomerular capsule and the distal and convoluted tubules and blood vessels. The renal medulla contains the Loop of Henle, the collecting ducts and blood vessels. The renal pelvis connects to the ureter and has extensions called calyces which collect urine. 8. The renal pelvis is the centermost section of the kidney and is a funnel-shaped tube that connects to the ureter. Extensions of the pelvis called calyces collect urine which drains into the renal pelvis and then into the ureter. 9. About 1200 ml of blood per minute of blood flows into the kidney so that all of the blood can be filetred. 10. (1) Renal artery, (2) Segmental artery, (3) Lobar artery, (4) Interlobar artery, (5) Arcuate artery, (6) Interlobular artery, (7) Afferent arteriole, (8) Glomerular capillaries, (9) Efferent arteriole, (10) Peritubular or Vasa recta capillaries, (11) Interlobular vein, (12) Arcuate vein, (13) Interlobar vein, (14) Renal vein