PN 138|Practical Nursing 138 PRN1356 Section P Basic Pharmacology Final Exam With Complete Solutions

PN 138 Practical Nursing 138 Section P Basic Pharmacology Final Exam • Question 1 0.7 out of 0.7 points Answer the following question by supplying the interpretation of the medical abbreviation: q4h Sel ...

PN 138 Practical Nursing 138 Section P Basic Pharmacology Final Exam • Question 1 0.7 out of 0.7 points Answer the following question by supplying the interpretation of the medical abbreviation: q4h Selected Answer: every 4 hours Answers: every 4 hours 4 times an hour 4 times a day every 4 hours while awake • Question 2 0.7 out of 0.7 points For clients receiving immunosuppressants, the priority goal of nursing care is: Selected Answer: Prevention of infection. Answers: Compliance with therapy. Assessing client's temperature every 4 hours. Monitoring for serum sickness. Prevention of infection. • Question 3 0.7 out of 0.7 points You are preparing to administer Levothyroxine (Synthroid) to a patient. You will monitor the patient for which potential adverse effect? Selected Answer: Tachycardia Answers: Weight gain Constipation Lethargy Tachycardia • Question 4 0.7 out of 0.7 points A 2-year-old patient with respiratory syncytial virus is prescribed aerosolized ribavirin (Virazole). Which visitor does the nurse ensure is not in the patient's room during the aerosol treatments? Selected Answer: 32-year-old pregnant mother Answers: 10-year-old brother 81-year-old grandmother 32-year-old pregnant mother 36-year-old father who has diabetes • Question 5 0.7 out of 0.7 points After administering an ACE inhibitor, you encourage the patient change positions slowly to prevent falling caused by what? Selected Answer: Orthostatic hypotension Answers: Dyskinesia Rhabdomyolysis Orthostatic hypotension Arrhythmias • Question 6 0.7 out of 0.7 points You are reinforcing teaching to a patient about their new Tuberculosis drug regimen. After reviewing the side effects, the patient asks how long she must continue taking the drugs. What is your response? Selected Answer: “All three medications must be taken for a minimum of 6 months.” Answers: “We will check your sputum in 3 months and if it is negative, you will no longer have to take the medicines." “You will take all three medications for the first month, then 2 medications for the 2nd month. You will continue the third medication for 6 months." “Once your sputum is negative, you can stop the medications. It could be as little as 2 weeks." “All three medications must be taken for a minimum of 6 months.” • Question 7 0.7 out of 0.7 points Mr. Beans has an order for metoprolol (Lopressor) 50mg po daily. Prior to administering the medication, what do you check? Selected Answer: Blood pressure and heart rate Answers: Blood pressure and 24 hour weight gain Blood pressure and heart rate Heart rate and temperature Heart rate, blood pressure, respirations • Question 8 0.7 out of 0.7 points After taking Bimatoprost (Lumigan) eye drops for 2 months, a patient states that her eye color has changed and her lashes are more beautiful than ever. She states that wants to start the drops in the other eye as well. How do you respond? Selected Answer: "While the eye color and lashes are different, using the drops in the other eye can damage the good eye." Answers: "Stop the medication immediately. This is a dangerous side effect that can permanently affect your eye." "No harm can come from using the drops in both eyes. In fact, it will help your eyes to look the same." "While the eye color and lashes are different, using the drops in the other eye can damage the good eye." "You should have been placing the drops in both eyes all along. This will prevent the other eye from developing problems." • Question 9 0.7 out of 0.7 points Compute the amount of medication you will administer for one dose. Order: Lasix 80 mg p.o. daily. Supply: Lasix 40 mg tablets. Give: Selected Answer: 2 tablets Answers: half tablet 1 tablet 1.5 tablets 2 tablets • Question 10 0.7 out of 0.7 points Why should tetracycline drugs be avoided during pregnancy and lactation? Selected Answer: The drug interferes with tooth enamel development causing permanently stained teeth in the newborn. Answers: Tetracycline crosses the placenta and causes brain hemorrhage in the fetus. The fetal and newborn liver cannot metabolize the drug and anemia results. The fetus and newborn are more likely to have allergic reactions to tetracycline. The drug interferes with tooth enamel development causing permanently stained teeth in the newborn. • Question 11 0.7 out of 0.7 points A patient is experiencing high levels of anxiety and stress. Which medication may be prescribed? Selected Answer: Alprazolam (Xanax) Answers: Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) Zolpidem (Ambien) Promethazine (Phenergan) Alprazolam (Xanax) • Question 12 0.7 out of 0.7 points Your 72 year old female patient has 1/2 the normal dose of post-op hydromorphone (Dilaudid) ordered after her hip surgery. What contributed to the physician's decreased dosage? Selected Answer: Age Answers: Gender Age Recent surgery Lack of insurance • Question 13 0.7 out of 0.7 points Compute the amount of medication you will administer for one dose. Order: Axid 0.15 g p.o. b.i.d. Supply: Bottle containing 60 capsules of Axid, 150 mg per capsule. Give: Selected Answer: 1 capsule Answers: 1 capsule 2 capsules 10 capsules 5 capsules • Question 14 0.7 out of 0.7 points A patient is being discharged on digoxin 0.25 mg po daily. What important information is reinforced upon discharge? Selected Answer: Count your heart rate every morning Answers: Notify your doctor immediately for shortness of breath Take your temperature every morning Take your blood pressure every morning Count your heart rate every morning • Question 15 0.7 out of 0.7 points The order is for 6 units of regular insulin to be administered with 11 units of NPH insulin. You have the 6 units of insulin in the syringe and are preparing to withdraw the 11 units of NPH insulin from the vial. What are the total units to administer? Selected Answer: 17 units Answers: 20 units 17 units 11 units 6 units • Question 16 0.7 out of 0.7 points You are reinforcing the teaching that a person was given about their medication. What is the most important to consider? Selected Answer: The patient's ability and willingness to learn. Answers: The temperature of the room. The patient's ability and willingness to learn. Ensure that the patient is sitting up rather than lying down. The patient has already showered and dressed. • Question 17 0.7 out of 0.7 points Which of the following is NOT a side effect of carbamazepine (Tegretol)? Selected Answer: Insomnia Answers: Dizziness Loss of coordination Nausea Insomnia • Question 18 0.7 out of 0.7 points An antibiotic is due to be given at 0900. What time frame is acceptable for the medication to be given? Selected Answer: 0830 - 0930 Answers: 0830 - 0930 0700 - 1100 0730 – 1030 0800 - 1200 • Question 19 0.7 out of 0.7 points Mr. Abrams has an order to receive metoprolol (Lopressor) 25mg daily. His blood pressure is currently 122/58 and his heart rate is 56. What do you do? Selected Answer: Hold the medication and notify the physician. Answers: Give the medication as prescribed. Hold the medication and notify the physician. Have the patient walk to the restroom and then recheck the vital signs. Encourage the patient to rest quietly for 10 minutes and then recheck the vital signs. • Question 20 0.7 out of 0.7 points How do you evaluate that atorvastatin (Lipitor) is effective? Selected Answer: Cholesterol levels are dropping Answers: Heart rate and blood pressure are normal Cholesterol levels are dropping Potassium is staying steady Hemoglobin and hematocrit have returned to normal limits • Question 21 0.7 out of 0.7 points A patient has just begun a new antibiotic. Which side effect is of greatest concern? Selected Answer: Itching and difficulty swallowing Answers: Nausea and diarrhea Itching and difficulty swallowing Dark-colored urine White patches in the mouth • Question 22 0.35 out of 0.7 points Match the following definitions with the correct term. o Question Correct Match Selected Match Excretion C. how medications are removed from the body C. how medications are removed from the body Absorption D. the time it takes the medication to travel from the point of entry into the body until it reaches the blood stream B. the process by which the body breaks down medications and prepares the medication for excretion Distribution A. how the medication makes it to the tissues and/or organs where it is intended to produce effects A. how the medication makes it to the tissues and/or organs where it is intended to produce effects Metabolism B. the process by which the body breaks down medications and prepares the medication for excretion D. the time it takes the medication to travel from the point of entry into the body until it reaches the blood stream o All Answer Choices A. how the medication makes it to the tissues and/or organs where it is intended to produce effects B. the process by which the body breaks down medications and prepares the medication for excretion C. how medications are removed from the body D. the time it takes the medication to travel from the point of entry into the body until it reaches the blood stream o • Question 23 0.7 out of 0.7 points Interpret the given notation: 2T Selected Answer: 2 Tablespoons Answers: 2 teaspoons 2 Tablespoons 2 ml 2 oz • Question 24 0.7 out of 0.7 points Compute the amount of medication you will administer for one dose. Order: Heparin 5000 units subcut. Supply: Heparin 5000 units/ml. Give: Selected Answer: 1 ml Answers: 1 ml 2 ml 5 ml 10 ml • Question 25 0 out of 0.7 points Which type of insulin has the shortest onset of action? Selected Answer: Regular (Humulin R) Answers: Glargine (Lantus) Regular (Humulin R) Lispro (Humalog) Detemir (Levemir) • Question 26 0.7 out of 0.7 points All droppers are calibrated to deliver standardized drops of equal amounts regardless of the dropper used: Selected Answer: False Answers: True False • Question 27 0 out of 0.7 points What is the purpose of antiviral drug therapy? Selected Answer: To reduce infection by killing the virus causing disease. Answers: To make the patient immune to infection by viruses. To reduce infection by killing the virus causing disease. To reduce illness duration by controlling viral reproduction. To prevent opportunistic infections in immunosuppressed patients. • Question 28 0.7 out of 0.7 points A patient has been taking naproxen (Naprosyn) for arthritis pain. She is now complaining of her stomach hurting and having black colored stool. What does the nurse due? Selected Answer: Hold the medication and notify the physician immediately. Answers: Continue the medication and document the stomach pain in the nursing notes. Ask when the patient has last eaten and evaluate what the patient ate. Hold the medication and notify the physician immediately. Encourage the patient that this is a normal effect of the medication. • Question 29 0.7 out of 0.7 points Convert 1500g = ____ kg Selected Answer: 1.5 Answers: 1.5 15 150 1500 • Question 30 0.7 out of 0.7 points A 26 year old female was given a new prescription. She calls the doctor's office and states she just found out she is pregnant. The medication is labeled as a pregnancy category C. How do you respond? Selected Answer: "Pregnancy C may have risks, but you will need to speak with the physician about if the benefits outweigh the risks." Answers: "You cannot take any medications during your pregnancy unless it is an emergency." “You can take category A during the first trimester, category B meds during the second trimester, and category C during the third trimester." "Pregnancy C may have risks, but you will need to speak with the physician about if the benefits outweigh the risks." "Pregnancy C is fine. The 'C' stands for 'Cleared.'" • Question 31 0.7 out of 0.7 points Which type of blood pressure medication has the potential side effect to cause a dry cough? Selected Answer: ACE inhibitors Answers: Calcium channel blockers Beta blockers ACE inhibitors Diuretics • Question 32 0.7 out of 0.7 points Convert 5 kg = ____ g Selected Answer: 5000 Answers: 1000 0.005 500 5000 • Question 33 0.7 out of 0.7 points A patient is being admitted with hypertension. Which medication would you question? Selected Answer: Cetirizine (Zyrtec) for allergies Answers: Omeprazole (Prilosec) for ulcer prevention Cetirizine (Zyrtec) for allergies Acetaminophen (Tylenol) for mild pain Psyllium (Metamucil) for constipation • Question 34 0.7 out of 0.7 points Compute the amount of medication you will administer for one dose. Order: Potassium Chloride 30 mEq p.o. b.i.d. Supply: package containing 15 ml Potassium Chloride Oral Solution 10%, 20 mEq per 15 ml. Give: Selected Answer: 22.5 ml Answers: 15 ml 20 ml 30 ml 22.5 ml • Question 35 0.7 out of 0.7 points Give total fluid intake in ml: 3 oz Coffee, 10 oz Ginger ale, 6 oz Water, 4 oz Broth Selected Answer: 690 ml Answers: 230 ml 23 ml 690 ml 69 ml • Question 36 0.7 out of 0.7 points What is the correct conversion of 9:25 p.m. (traditional time) to military time? Selected Answer: 2125 Answers: 0925 2125 0915 2115 • Question 37 0.7 out of 0.7 points What is the best way for a nurse to ensure he is administering a medication safely? Selected Answer: Follow all the rights of medication administration. Answers: Check the medication with the order. Have the patient verify the medications with the nurse. Follow all the rights of medication administration. Have the doctor present for the first dose of a medication. • Question 38 0.7 out of 0.7 points You receive an order to start a client on a new drug, Rosiglitazone (Avandia). You would question the order if your client has which of the following? Selected Answer: Heart disease Answers: Glaucoma Heart disease Osteoporosis COPD • Question 39 0.7 out of 0.7 points A college student is requesting Ritalin to help with concentration. What information would you include regarding the side effects? Selected Answer: If it is taken close to bedtime, insomnia is likely. Answers: If it is taken close to bedtime, insomnia is likely. Weight gain is a strong possibility. Consume alcohol and caffeine only in the afternoon. The medication is not given to patients over 30 years old. We will begin looking at alternatives. • Question 40 0.7 out of 0.7 points Prior to administering a new medication, which question is most important to ask the patient? Selected Answer: "Are you allergic to any medications?" Answers: "Can you swallow?" "When did you last eat?" "Do you have any questions about the cost of this medication?" "Are you allergic to any medications?" • Question 41 0.7 out of 0.7 points Compute the amount of medication you will administer for one dose. Order: Amoxil suspension 375 mg p.o. q6h. Supply: Amoxil suspension 250 mg/5 ml. Give: Selected Answer: 7.5 ml Answers: 5 ml 7.5 ml 2.5 ml 3.75 ml • Question 42 0 out of 0.7 points Which of the following should not be prescribed for a patient with a known penicillin allergy? Selected Answer: Tetracycline (Sumycin) Answers: Cephalexin (Keflex) Erythromycin (Eryc) Tetracycline (Sumycin) Ciprofloxacin (Ciprodex) • Question 43 0.7 out of 0.7 points Your patient is complaining of pain. You have an order for morphine 2mg IV PRN pain. Which of the following vital signs will prevent you from administering the medication? Selected Answer: Respirations 7 Answers: Temperature 100.2 F Heart rate 103 Blood Pressure 101/62 Respirations 7 • Question 44 0.7 out of 0.7 points What is the priority of care for a client receiving an opioid for pain control? Selected Answer: Monitoring respiratory rate Answers: Monitoring respiratory rate Listening to breath sounds Checking pupil responses Daily weights • Question 45 0 out of 0.7 points A patient taking erythromycin reports experiencing nausea and upset stomach. What is the nurse's best action? Selected Answer: Hold the drug and notify the prescriber immediately. Answers: Hold the drug and notify the prescriber immediately. Ensure that the drug is given with or after food. Ask if the patient has any drug allergies. Document the report as the only action. • Question 46 0.7 out of 0.7 points Will using a medicine cup to measure a liquid medication always give you an accurate amount of medication? Selected Answer: No Answers: Yes No • Question 47 0.7 out of 0.7 points A patient who is prescribed omeprazole (Prilosec) asks the nurse why the drug should be taken before breakfast. What is the nurse's best response? Selected Answer: "The intended action of this drug is best achieved when given before meals, preferably in the morning." Answers: "The intended action of this drug is best achieved when given before meals, preferably in the morning." "It is best to take this drug in the morning so that antacids taken later in the day do not interfere with absorption." "This drug should always be taken on an empty stomach for maximal action and for better absorption." "Taking this drug early in the morning helps to minimize the occurrence of side effects or adverse effects." • Question 48 0.7 out of 0.7 points The patient who has an overdose of heparin may be treated with which antidote? Selected Answer: Protamine Sulfate Answers: Vitamin K Protamine Zinc Protamine Sulfate Vitamin E • Question 49 0.7 out of 0.7 points You are preparing to administer a high-alert medication. What precaution must you take to ensure the proper dose? Selected Answer: Ask another nurse to double check the medication and dosage with you. Answers: Make sure there is an informed consent signed and on the chart. Call the pharmacy prior to administration to verify the information. Find the original order and verify the order with the medication record. Ask another nurse to double check the medication and dosage with you. • Question 50 0.7 out of 0.7 points A woman presents to the Emergency Department with a new skin rash and flu-like symptoms). Upon interviewing the patient, you find that she began taking amlodipine (Norvasc) one week ago. You suspect she may be suffering from: Selected Answer: Stevens-Johnson syndrome Answers: Rhabdomyolysis Stevens-Johnson syndrome Angioedema Hypotensive crisis • Question 51 0.7 out of 0.7 points A patient states that he does not want to take any pain medication after surgery. How do you respond? Selected Answer: "What concerns you about taking the pain medication?" Answers: "We recommend that you take pain medication for your comfort." "You will not be able to deal with your pain without it." "This is not the time to prove how tough you are." "What concerns you about taking the pain medication?" • Question 52 0.7 out of 0.7 points Upon starting an antidepressant, what side effect do you instruct the family to monitor for? Selected Answer: Increased suicidal thoughts Answers: Insomnia Hyperactivity Increased suicidal thoughts Hallucinations • Question 53 0.7 out of 0.7 points A patient with heart failure has been prescribed spironolactone (Aldactone). She asks about taking potassium supplements. How do you respond? Selected Answer: This diuretic is potassium-sparing so potassium supplements are not needed. Answers: This diuretic is potassium-sparing so potassium supplements are not needed. We will draw your blood in one week to determine how much potassium you will need. Just make sure you eat foods rich in potassium, such as bananas and potatoes. This is a combination diuretic that includes potassium. • Question 54 0.7 out of 0.7 points Which of the following would be effective in treating a respiratory fungal infection? Selected Answer: Amphotericin B (Amphocin) Answers: Ticarcillin (Timentin) Amphotericin B (Amphocin) Ofloxacin (Floxin) Kanamycin (Kantrex) • Question 55 0.7 out of 0.7 points Tetanus toxoid boosters should be given how often? Selected Answer: Every 10 years Answers: Every year Every 2 years Every 5 years Every 10 years • Question 56 0.7 out of 0.7 points When a medication is called an antagonist, what does this mean? Selected Answer: The medication works against the body's normal responses. Answers: The medication works against the body's normal responses. The medication effects are decreased. The medication effects are increased. The medication has multiple dangerous side effects. • Question 57 0.7 out of 0.7 points Which of the following has an addictive potential? Selected Answer: Diphenoxylate (Lomotil) Answers: Diphenoxylate (Lomotil) Albuterol (Proventil) Cetirizine (Zyrtec) Aluminum hydroxide (Amphojel) • Question 58 0.7 out of 0.7 points Compute the amount of medication you will administer for one dose. Order: Demerol syrup 100 mg p.o. q6h prn pain. Supply: Demerol syrup 50 mg per 5 ml. Give: Selected Answer: 10 ml Answers: 2 ml 5 ml 10 ml 1 ml • Question 59 0.7 out of 0.7 points Which of the following forms a protective coat in the stomach? Selected Answer: Sucralfate (Carafate) Answers: Aluminum hydroxide (Amphojel) Sucralfate (Carafate) Omeprazole (Prilosec) Loperamide (Imodium) • Question 60 0.7 out of 0.7 points Compute the amount of medication you will administer for one dose. Order: Diphenhydramine 15 mg IM Stat. Supply: Diphenhydramine 10 mg/ml. Give: Selected Answer: 1.5 ml Answers: 1 ml 2 ml 1.5 ml 2.5 ml • Question 61 0.7 out of 0.7 points Which organ could be dangerously affected by too much acetaminophen (Tylenol)? Selected Answer: Liver Answers: Brain Kidneys Heart Liver • Question 62 0.7 out of 0.7 points Compute the amount of medication you will administer for one dose. Order: Hydrochlorothiazide 50 mg p.o. b.i.d. Supply: Hydrochlorothiazide 100 mg tablets. Give: Selected Answer: half tablet Answers: 1 tablet 1.5 tablet 2 tablets half tablet • Question 63 0.7 out of 0.7 points A patient asks the nurse why an anticoagulant has been prescribed. What is the nurse's best response? Selected Answer: "It will prevent any new clots from forming." Answers: "It will dissolve any clots in your blood vessels." "It will prevent any new clots from forming." "It will prevent a clot from migrating." "It will thin your blood." • Question 64 0.7 out of 0.7 points Antineoplastic drugs are most likely to be toxic to which of the following? Selected Answer: Most rapidly dividing healthy tissues Answers: Oldest cells Smallest cells Most rapidly dividing healthy tissues Tissues with no cell walls • Question 65 0.7 out of 0.7 points Which inhaler should a patient suffering from asthma carry with him at all times to use if needed? Selected Answer: Albuterol (Proventil) Answers: Salmeterol (Serevent) Ipratropium (Atrovent) Theophylline (Theo-Dur) Albuterol (Proventil) • Question 66 0.7 out of 0.7 points A patient prescribed atorvastatin (Lipitor) reports all of the following problems or changes since starting this drug. Which problem or change does the nurse report to the prescriber? Selected Answer: Muscle aches and weakness Answers: Abdominal cramps and bloating Muscle aches and weakness Urinating more at night Loss of taste for sweets • Question 67 0.7 out of 0.7 points Which drug action is most likely to lower blood pressure? Selected Answer: Relaxing (dilating) blood vessel smooth muscle Answers: Increasing the effectiveness of heart pumping Relaxing (dilating) blood vessel smooth muscle Increasing the excretion of urine from the body Retaining the body's concentration of potassium • Question 68 0.7 out of 0.7 points You have two tablets: one is labeled 2.5 mg and the other is labeled 1.5 mg. What is the total dosage? Selected Answer: 4 mg Answers: 1.5 mg 2.5 mg 4 mg 5 mg • Question 69 0.7 out of 0.7 points Compute the amount of medication you will administer for one dose. Order: Aldactone 75 mg po daily. Supply: Aldactone 25 mg per tablet. Give: Selected Answer: 3 tablets Answers: 2 tablets 3 tablets 1 tablet 2.5 tablets • Question 70 0.7 out of 0.7 points In which syringe should 52 units of U-100 insulin be measured? Selected Answer: Standard U-100 (ml) Answers: 50 unit Standard U-100 (ml) 1 ml Tuberculin 3 ml • Question 71 0.7 out of 0.7 points Compute the amount of medication you will administer for one dose. Order: Keflex 0.5 g p.o. b.i.d. Supply: Reconstituted Keflex oral suspension, 250 mg/5ml. Give: Selected Answer: 10 ml Answers: 1 ml 5 ml 10 ml 2 ml • Question 72 0.7 out of 0.7 points Compute the amount of medication you will administer for one dose. Order: Antivert 12.5 mg daily. Supply: Antivert 25 mg in each tablet. Give: Selected Answer: half tablet Answers: half tablet 1 tablet 1.5 tablets 2 tablets • Question 73 0.7 out of 0.7 points A patient reports taking an over-the-counter laxative for constipation daily for the past 3 weeks. What is the nurse's best action? Selected Answer: Instruct the patient that these drugs should not be used for more than a week without consulting the prescriber. Answers: Remind the patient about the importance of adequate fluid intake and exercise to prevent constipation. Ask the patient about usual fluid intake, urinary and bowel habits, and have the patient describe the nature of stools. Instruct the patient that these drugs should not be used for more than a week without consulting the prescriber. Contact the prescriber about an order for a stronger laxative because the one the patient is taking is not working. • Question 74 0.7 out of 0.7 points Compute the amount of medication you will administer for one dose. Order: Augmentin 0.5 g p.o. q8h. Supply: 75 ml bottle of reconstituted Augmentin, 250 mg/5ml. Give: Selected Answer: 10 ml Answers: 5 ml 10 ml 15 ml 75 ml • Question 75 0.7 out of 0.7 points Misoprostol (Cytotec) is useful in treating peptic ulcers during administration of NSAIDs. Which patient would you question the use of misoprostol? Selected Answer: A 27-year-old female newly married Answers: A 69-year old female with arthritis A 32-year-old man with a history of back pain A 72-year-old man with an enlarged prostate A 27-year-old female newly married • Question 76 0.7 out of 0.7 points Compute the amount of medication you will administer for one dose. Order: Lomotil 2.5 mg daily, prn constipation. Supply: 2 fl oz bottle of Lomotil 2.5 mg/5 ml. Give: Selected Answer: 5 ml Answers: 1 ml 5 ml 2.5 ml 10 ml • Question 77 0.7 out of 0.7 points Harold is an 89-year-old gentlemen just admitted. The physician suspects he overdosed on his digoxin (Lanoxin). What symptoms cause you to agree with the physician? Selected Answer: Heart rate of 42, nausea, seeing yellow halos around objects Answers: Heart rate of 126, blood pressure of 118/62, irritable and anxious Heart rate of 42, nausea, seeing yellow halos around objects Heart rate of 72, respirations 22, dizziness when standing, wheezing in lungs Heart rate of 104, blood pressure 159/92, ringing in ears, headache, skin flushed • Question 78 0.7 out of 0.7 points Prior to administering furosemide (Lasix), what is the highest priority for the nurse to evaluate? Selected Answer: Potassium Answers: Sodium Potassium Heart rate Blood pressure • Question 79 0.7 out of 0.7 points A patient is going home with a prescription for methylprednisolone (Medrol). What teaching would you expect the RN to include? Selected Answer: Avoid crowds and people that are sick. Answers: Your blood sugar may drop unexpectedly so carry candy with you. Make sure you return to the clinic for lab work in 10 days. Hypotension may occur so change positions slowly. Avoid crowds and people that are sick. • Question 80 0.7 out of 0.7 points Shortly after being given nitroglycerin for chest pain, the patient states, "my chest pain is gone, but I have a horrible headache." What is the best explanation? Selected Answer: Headaches are a common side effect of nitroglycerin Answers: Headaches are a common side effect of nitroglycerin Now that the chest pain is relieved, you are beginning to realize where else you are having pain The increase in blood pressure is more than likely causing it The nitroglycerin reduces your blood sugar and causes headaches • Question 81 0.7 out of 0.7 points Which of the following conditions will affect the dosages of most medications? Selected Answer: Kidney disease Answers: Cardiovascular disease Kidney disease COPD Multiple sclerosis • Question 82 0 out of 0.7 points The nurse notes an order for insulin to be administered intravenously. The nurse recognizes that which insulin is the only type that can safely be administered intravenously? Selected Answer: Insulin glargine (Lantus) Answers: Regular (Humulin R) Lente (Humulin L) NPH (Humulin N) Insulin glargine (Lantus) • Question 83 0.7 out of 0.7 points Which of the following are possible side effects from hormone replacement therapy? Selected Answer: Breast cancer and cardiovascular complications Answers: Vaginal dryness and osteoporosis Breast cancer and cardiovascular complications Decreased blood glucose and hot flashes Insomnia and moodiness • Question 84 0.7 out of 0.7 points Jill began a new medication 2 weeks ago. She is now complaining of headaches and nausea 2 hours after each dose. Which of the following is Jill is experiencing? Selected Answer: Side effect Answers: Adverse effect Therapeutic effect Intrinsic effect Side effect • Question 85 0.7 out of 0.7 points Compute the amount of medication you will administer for one dose. Order: Methotrexate 75 mg. Supply: Methotrexate 25 mg/ml. Give: Selected Answer: 3 ml Answers: 1 ml 5 ml 3 ml 2.5 ml • Question 86 0.7 out of 0.7 points Which factor is a major disadvantage of the transdermal drug delivery route? Selected Answer: Drug absorption is dependent on adequate circulation. Answers: Only a prescriber can administer drugs by the transdermal route. Drug absorption is dependent on adequate circulation. First pass drug loss by this route is the most extensive. Transdermal drugs must be sterile rather than clean. • Question 87 0.7 out of 0.7 points A patient's family asks why the patient is being given a positive inotrope. What is the best explanation? Selected Answer: Increase the pumping (contractility) of the heart Answers: Regulate the heart rate Increase urine output Prevent heart failure by decreasing systemic resistance Increase the pumping (contractility) of the heart • Question 88 0.7 out of 0.7 points What medication reverses the effects of hydromorphone (Dilaudid) in the event of an overdose? Selected Answer: Naloxone (Narcan) Answers: Protamine sulfate Epinephrine Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) Naloxone (Narcan) • Question 89 0.7 out of 0.7 points The patient is to receive 5 ml of a drug, which is the equivalent of how many teaspoons? Selected Answer: 1 tsp. Answers: 5 tsp. 2 tsp. 1 tsp. 2.5 tsp. • Question 90 0.7 out of 0.7 points When discharging a patient taking warfarin (Coumadin), what does the nurse include in the patient teaching? (Select all that apply) Selected Answers: "You will need lab work every 2-3 weeks while taking this medication." "Avoid alcoholic beverages; they can increase your potential of bleeding." "If you experience a headache, it is okay to use acetaminophen for pain relief." Answers: "Avoid exercise and get plenty of rest while taking this medication." "You will need lab work every 2-3 weeks while taking this medication." "Avoid alcoholic beverages; they can increase your potential of bleeding." "Eat a well-balanced diet with lots of green leafy vegetables for the fiber and vitamins." "If you experience a headache, it is okay to use acetaminophen for pain relief." • Question 91 0.7 out of 0.7 points Which route of administration provides the quickest onset of action of a medication? Selected Answer: Intravenous administration Answers: Subcutaneous injection Intramuscular injection Intravenous administration Rectal administration • Question 92 0 out of 0.7 points Convert 50 inches = ______cm Selected Answer: 130 cm Answers: 120 cm 125 cm 127 cm 130 cm • Question 93 0.7 out of 0.7 points Which foods need to be avoided while taking a MAOI (Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor)? Selected Answer: Beer and salami Answers: Beer and salami Eggs and bacon Caffeine and sugar Chocolate and ice cream • Question 94 0.7 out of 0.7 points Which question is most important for the nurse to ask a patient who is prescribed Acetazolamide (Diamox) before administering the first dose? Selected Answer: "Are you allergic to sulfa drugs?" Answers: "Do you have diabetes?" "Are you allergic to sulfa drugs?" "How long have you had glaucoma?" "Do you eat grapefruit or drink grapefruit juice?" • Question 95 0.7 out of 0.7 points How do bronchodilators improve breathing in patients with asthma or COPD? Selected Answer: Relax bronchial smooth muscle and increasing the width of the airway Answers: Reduce mucous production within the respiratory tract Relax bronchial smooth muscle and increasing the width of the airway Liquefy secretions and allow mucous to be coughed up Controlling anxiety, leading to an increased ability to focus on respiratory effort • Question 96 0.7 out of 0.7 points Compute the amount of medication you will administer for one dose. Order: Ceclor 0.3 g p.o. q8h. Supply: Ceclor reconstituted oral suspension, 375 mg per 5 ml. Give: Selected Answer: 4 ml Answers: 3.75 ml 3 ml 4 ml 112.5 ml • Question 97 0.7 out of 0.7 points The label reads 500 caplets Calan SR (Verapamil hydrochloride) Sustained Release 240 mg Pfizer. What is the generic name? Selected Answer: Verapamil Hydrochloride Answers: 500 caplets Calan SR Verapamil Hydrochloride Pfizer • Question 98 0.7 out of 0.7 points Which of the following is an example of a patient learning in the psychomotor domain? Selected Answer: The patient does a return demonstration on how to administer herself new injections. Answers: The patient asks questions and writes down the answers. The patient does a return demonstration on how to administer herself new injections. The patient carefully observes the nurse administer the injection. The patient puts the instructions into a song and begins to sing it. • Question 99 0.7 out of 0.7 points Convert the following: 275 lbs. = _____ kg Selected Answer: 125 kg Answers: 100 kg 125 kg 275 kg D.150 kg • Question 100 0.7 out of 0.7 points You are administering vitamin B12 to a patient. The patient asks why the medication is given sublingually instead of orally. What is your response? Selected Answer: "The vitamin is absorbed directly into the bloodstream and bypasses the liver." Answers: "The vitamin is absorbed directly into the bloodstream and bypasses the liver." "The vitamin has a short half-life and will be utilized quicker sublingually." "The medication has a much lower cost when in sublingual form." "When taken orally, you can experience increased side effects."