1. Know treatment for pulmonary atresia
A. Treatment
a. Prostaglandin E to keep PDA
b. Treat CHF symptomatically
c. Surgery to repair closed valve or add if valve is absent
B. Pathophysiology: No valve or opening ex
...
1. Know treatment for pulmonary atresia
A. Treatment
a. Prostaglandin E to keep PDA
b. Treat CHF symptomatically
c. Surgery to repair closed valve or add if valve is absent
B. Pathophysiology: No valve or opening exists so no blood can enter the pulmonary
artery
C. ECG may be normal or show LV hypertrophy, echo will show valve and structure
abnormalities
4. What is patent ductus arteriosus
A. What should you find on assessment
a. Often asymptomatic
b. Dyspnea, Tachycardia, Tachypnea
c. Hypotension with low cardiac output
d. Murmur
e. Large PDA = CHF, retractions, FTT, and hepatomegaly
B. It is a shunt that combines cardiac output from the pulmonary artery to the systemic
circulation in utero.
C. Treat with prescription of indomethacin or NSAIDs
a. Don't give with CHF
5. What is pertussis
A. Pertussis aka Whooping Cough is a communicable disease that is characterized by
severe cough (Whoop sound), rhinitis, and apnea.
B. Pathophysiology: Caused by Bordetella peruses bacteria (so treated with antibiotics)
C. Complications include pneumonia and death
D. Preventable with DTaP vaccine
E. Requires droplet precautions
6. Kawasaki disease, what are they also likely to develop
A. Pathophysiology: Rare form of vasculitis that only affects children in the small and
midsize arteries
B. Manifestations:
a. Acute: Irritability,
high fever lasts > 5
days, red throat,
swollen hands and
feet,
maculopapular
rash or erythema,
multiform rash on
trunk and perineal
area, unilateral
cervical
lymphadenopathy
2. Where to give intramuscular injection
A. Prefer to give infants IM injection in the vastus laterals followed by
3. Anatomy and physiology of infant’s heart
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