Student Exploration: Moles Vocabulary: atomic mass, Avogadro constant, conversion factor, dimensional analysis, mole, molar mass, molecular mass, scientific notation, significant figures, unified atomic mass unit

Student Exploration: Moles Vocabulary: atomic mass, Avogadro constant, conversion factor, dimensional analysis, mole, molar mass, molecular mass, scientific notation, significant figures, unified atomic mass unit Pr ...

Student Exploration: Moles Vocabulary: atomic mass, Avogadro constant, conversion factor, dimensional analysis, mole, molar mass, molecular mass, scientific notation, significant figures, unified atomic mass unit Prior Knowledge Questions (Do these BEFORE using the Gizmo.) 1. In the image to the right, note a dozen eggs, a dozen donuts and a dozen roses. How many of each item do you have? 12 2. Would a dozen of each object have the same mass? no 3. Suppose you have a dozen carbon atoms, a dozen gold atoms, and a dozen iron atoms. Even though you have the same number of each, would you expect them all to have the same mass? Explain. No, just because they have the same quantity doesn’t mean they weigh the same. Gizmo Warm-up When counting roses, eggs, or donuts, a dozen is a good unit to use. If you are counting atoms, however, a dozen is not much help. In the Moles Gizmo, you will learn about a unit used to count atoms. On the AVOGADRO CONSTANT tab, place the copper (Cu) atom on the nano-balance on the left, which will show the average atomic mass of copper rather than the mass of a single copper atom. 1. What is the average mass of a copper atom? 63.546u The unit “u” refers to unified atomic mass units. A single proton or neutron has a mass of approximately one atomic mass unit. (Officially, 1 u is one-twelfth the mass of a C-12 atom.) E How many atoms did you need to add? 1023 2019 Introduction: Since atoms are so tiny, chemists have devised a unit known as the mole. A mole represents a macroscopic quantity of matter that can be used in the laboratory. One mole of any element has the same mass in grams as its atomic mass in u. Question: How many particles are in a mole? 1. Explore: Note the average atomic mass of copper on the nano-balance. Add atoms to the larger balance until it registers the same number (in g) as the reading on the nano-balance (in u). Use the Exponent slider to help get the correct amount. Stop adding atoms when the readings on both balances match exactly (to the nearest 0.001 g). How many atoms did you need to add? 23 2. Explore: Repeat the same procedure with carbon, then sulfur and aluminum. A. For each element, how many atoms did you need to add? 15 B. What do you notice about the number of atoms in one mole? 6.63