CHAPTER 40 FLUID AND ELECTROLYE BALANCE
1. The student nurse studying fluid and electrolyte balance learns that which of the
following is a function of water? Select all that apply.
A) provide a medium for transportin
...
CHAPTER 40 FLUID AND ELECTROLYE BALANCE
1. The student nurse studying fluid and electrolyte balance learns that which of the
following is a function of water? Select all that apply.
A) provide a medium for transporting wastes to cells and nutrients from cells
B) provide a medium for transporting substances throughout the body
C) facilitate cellular metabolism and proper cellular chemical functioning
D) act as a buffer for electrolytes and nonelectrolytes
E) help maintain normal body temperature
F) facilitate digestion and promote elimination
2. Which body fluid is the fluid within the cells, constituting about 70% of the total body
water?
A) extracellular fluid (ECF)
B) intracellular fluid (ICF)
C) intravascular fluid
D) interstitial fluid
3. Based on knowledge of total body fluids, a nurse is especially watchful for a fluid
volume deficit in an infant. Why would the nurse do this?
A) Infants have less total body fluid and ECF than adults.
B) Infants have more total body fluid and ECF than adults.
C) Infants drink less fluid than adults.
D) Infants lose more fluids through output than adults.
4. What is the average adult fluid intake and loss in each 24 hours?
A) 500 to 1,000 Ml
B) 1,000 to 1,500 mL
C) 1,500 to 2,000 mL
D) 1,500 to 3500 mL
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5. A nurse monitoring the intake and output of fluids for a patient with severe diarrhea
knows that normally how many mL of body fluids is lost via the gastrointestinal tract?
A) 300 mL
B) 1,000 mL
C) 1,300 mL
D) 2,600 mL
6. A nurse explains the homeostatic mechanisms involved in fluid homeostasis to a student
nurse. Which of the following statements accurately describe this process? Select all that
apply.
A) The kidneys selectively retain electrolytes and water and excrete wastes and
excesses according to the body's needs.
B) The cardiovascular system is responsible for pumping and carrying nutrients
and water throughout the body.
C) The thyroid gland secretes aldosterone, a mineralocorticoid hormone that helps the
body conserve sodium, helps save chloride and water, and causes potassium to be
excreted.
D) The lungs regulate oxygen and carbon dioxide levels of the blood, which is
especially crucial in maintaining acid–base balance.
E) Thyroxine, released by the adrenal glands, increases blood flow in the body,
leading to increased renal circulation and resulting in increased glomerular
filtration and urinary output.
F) The parathyroid glands secrete parathyroid hormone, which regulates the
level of calcium and phosphorus.
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