MU NURS 615: Advanced Pharm - Exam 4 Review

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MU NURS 615: Advanced Pharm - Exam 4 Review What is tiotropium? Correct Answer- (Spiriva) Tiotropium bromide (INN) is a long-standing, 24 hour, anticholinergic bronchodilator used in the management of... chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, (COPD). What is tiotropium used for maintenance treatment of? Correct Answer- COPD, which includes chronic bronchitis and emphysema. Tiotropium Correct Answer- is not used in the treatment for acute exacerbations of COPD and bronchitis Tiotropium Correct Answer- is a muscarinic receptor antagonist, often referred to as an antimuscarinic or anticholingeric agent. What are the adverse effects of montelukast (Singulair)? Correct Answer- Side effects of Singular can include skin rash, mood changes, tremors, h/a, stomach pain, heartburn, upset stomach, nausea, diarrhea, tooth pain, tiredness, fever, stuffy nose, sore throat, cough, and hoarseness. Singular may interact with phenobarbital or rifampin. What patient teaching should accompany the prescription of montelukast (Singulair)? Correct Answer- It will not work fast enough to treat an asthma attack that has already begun. Use only a fast-acting inhalation medicine to treat an asthma attack. Singulair should not be used for exercised- induced Correct Answer- bronchoconstriction Singulair can lead to what mood changes? Correct Answer- anxiety, depression, or thoughts of suicide or of hurting yourself What patient teaching should be provided when prescribing inhaled corticosteroids? Correct Answer- They should be taken 2x a day every day for the use of prevention of asthma. Rinse mouth after use to prevent oral thrush. What ethnic background should not be prescribed long-acting beta agonists? Correct Answer- African Americans, increased incidence of death in this population What medication would you prescribe for bronchospasm for a patient taking propranolol? Correct Answer- Ipratropium What is the mechanism of action of albuterol? Correct Answer- Relaxes bronchial smooth muscle by action on beta 2 receptors with little effect on heart rate, causing dilation of airways. What is the mechanism of action of inhaled corticosteroids? Correct Answer- Extremely potent vasoconstrictive and anti-inflammatory activity. When is it appropriate to use a short acting beta agonist? Correct Answer- Short acting beta 2 agonist (SABAs) are the drug of choice for acute treatment of asthma symptoms and exacerbations. What is the mechanism of action of inhaled muscarinic receptor antagonist? Correct Answer- Atropine (the prototype of muscarinic receptor antagonists) prevents the effects of ACh by competitively blocking its binding to muscarinic receptors in the CNS, peripheral ganglia, and at neuroeffector sites on smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and secretory glands. What inhibits the secretions of the nose, mouth, pharynx, and bronchi and thus causes dryness of the mucous membranes of the respiratory tract. Correct Answer- Atropine Atropine and scopolamine Correct Answer- the inhibition of secretions is esp marked if secretions is excessive and is the basis for the use of which drugs in preanesthetic medication. Atropine Correct Answer- the depression of mucous secretion and the inhibition of mucociliary clearance is an undesirable side effect of ___ in patients with airway disease. Methacholine Correct Answer- Atropine is effective against bronchoconstriction induced by parasympathomimetic drugs like ______. Histamine and bradykinin Correct Answer- Atropine also partially antagonizes bronchoconstriction induced by ___ and ___. Neuromuscular junction. Correct Answer- Because muscarinic receptor antagonist cause little blockade of the effects of ACh at nicotinic receptor sites, extremely high doses of atropine or related drugs are required to produce any degree of blockade of the predominantly nicotinic receptors at the ___ ____. What are the adverse effects associated with inhaled corticosteroids? Correct Answer- Thrush, dysphonia, cough, and bronchospasm, thin skin, bone loss, smell of burning plastic, h/a, and visual changes What special populations should not be prescribed pseudoephedrine? Correct Answer- Not to be used in children under four years of age, and patients with HTN. What drug should be prescribed for patient with nasal congestion with hypertension? Correct Answer- Coricidin HBP What are the adverse effects of antihistamines? Correct Answer- Drying effects: dry mouth, difficulty urinating, constipation, changes in vision, mild drowsiness to deep sleep, inc [Show More]

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