Mark Scheme Summer 2021 Pearson Edexcel International GCSE In Pakistan Studies (4PA1) Paper 01 (Provisional). Graded A+

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Question Number Answer Mark 1(a) AO1a (1 mark) D 1946 Others too early. (1) Question Number Answer Mark 1(b) AO1a (2 marks) Award 1 mark for each correct point up to a maximum of 2 marks. ... • Congress was outlawed (1) • Newspapers were censored (1) • Widespread arrests (1) • Gandhi and Nehru arrested (1) Accept any other appropriate response. (2) Question Number Indicative content 1(c) AO1b (3 marks)/AO2 (3 marks) The indicative content below is not prescriptive and candidates are not required to include all the material indicated as relevant. Other relevant material not suggested below must also be credited. Indicative content • Membership of commission was entirely British which caused resentment and lack of co-operation amongst Indians • In 1927 Congress voted to boycott the commission and called for mass demonstrations when it arrived in India • By 1927 many Indians were beginning to campaign for complete independence, but the commission was interested only in granting dominion status, so it did not gain support • An element of the Muslim League, led by Jinnah, refused to cooperate with the commission. Level Mark Descriptor 0 No rewardable material Level 1 1-2 • Demonstrates limited understanding of concepts, which may be partially accurate or relevant. (AO1b) http://britishstudentroom.wordpress.com/• Demonstrates unsustained links to the conceptual focus of the question, which are not developed. (AO2) Level 2 3-4 • Demonstrates partial understanding of concepts, which are mostly accurate and relevant. (AO1b) • Demonstrates some links to the conceptual focus of the question, which are partially developed. (AO2) Level 3 5-6 • Demonstrates thorough understanding of concepts, which are accurate and relevant. (AO1b) • Demonstrates sustained links to the conceptual focus of the question, which are fully developed. (AO2) http://britishstudentroom.wordpress.com/Question Number Indicative content 1(d) AO2 (8 marks)/AO3 (8 marks) The indicative content below is not prescriptive and candidates are not required to include all the material indicated as relevant. Other relevant material not suggested below must also be credited. Indicative content Relevant Points which support the statement may include: • Kashmir was a serious issue for Pakistan as the territory borders Tibet, China, Afghanistan and the USSR. It is of great strategic importance and Pakistan did not want India controlling it • Kashmir was important to Pakistan because the majority of its inhabitants were Muslims. Pakistan was set up as a homeland for Muslims and wanted to protect the Kashmiri Muslims • Kashmir was symbolically significant. Pakistan was a new nation which needed to show that it could support itself and stand up to its larger neighbour. Letting India do as it liked with the princely states would not do that. Relevant Points to counter the argument may include: • The refugee crisis was extremely important. Over 10 million Muslims moved from India to Pakistan by January 1948 and the government needed to find accommodation for them • The establishment of Pakistan was followed by serious outbreaks of communal violence in late 1947. There was a need for the Pakistan government to find a way to heal the social and religious divisions created by partition • Pakistan was not a united country. In addition to the various peoples within Pakistan having different traditions, cultures and lifestyles, there was a major geographical split, with East Pakistan being a thousand miles from West Pakistan • The new country had no government buildings, no civil service and no capital. There was an urgent need to establish the machinery of government • It was quite possible that Pakistan could go to war with India over Kashmir, but it lacked officers and up to date equipment. It had no ordnance factory capable of making military [Show More]

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