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Final Exam 3/9/19, 2(28 AM
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Home / My courses / 19WNCMP BIO-208-20101 / Week 8 - Reproductive System, and Development, Growth, and Aging
/ Final Exam
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Started on Friday, March 8, 2019, 11Q11 PM
State Finished
Completed on Friday, March 8, 2019, 11Q55 PM
Time taken 43 mins 37 secs
Marks 64.00/125.00
Grade 51.20 out of 100.00
What gland secretes FSH and LH, which regulate the production of reproductive hormones by the ovaries and
the testes?
Select one:
a. adrenal cortex
b. anterior pituitary !
c. thyroid gland
d. posterior pituitary
: anterior pituitary
What will increase due to an increase in hemoglobin?
Select one:
a. the body's immune response.
b. the quantity of plasma protein available for blood clotting.
c. the leukocyte count.
d. the ability of the blood to carry oxygen to various tissues. !
e. the osmotic pressure of the blood.
: the ability of the blood to carry oxygen to various tissues.
Select the correct description of the foramen ovale?
Select one:
a. An opening between the right and left ventricles in the embryo and fetus. "
b. An oval hole in the epicardium in the embryo and fetus.
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b. An oval hole in the epicardium in the embryo and fetus.
c. An opening between the right and left atria in the embryo and fetus.
d. An opening between the pulmonary trunk and aorta in the embryo and fetus.
: An opening between the right and left atria in the embryo and fetus.
Which of the following accrues the largest amount of fat?
Select one:
a. coronary ligament
b. sigmoid mesocolon
c. visceral peritoneum
d. lesser omentum
e. greater omentum !
: greater omentum
The majority of the spleenʼs volume is ______ pulp, which is ________.
Select one:
a. red; macrophages and red blood cells !
b. white; lymphatic tissue
c. red; lymphatic tissue
d. white; macrophages and red blood cells
: red; macrophages and red blood cells
Which of the following are considered primary lymphatic organs?
Select one:
a. thymus and lymph nodes
b. red bone marrow and lymph nodes "
c. red bone marrow and thymus
d. tonsils and spleen
: red bone marrow and thymus
What do endocrine glands secrete into the bloodstream? What are the sites that they travel to?
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What do endocrine glands secrete into the bloodstream? What are the sites that they travel to?
Select one:
a. neurotransmitters; neurons
b. epinephrine; postsynaptic cells
c. histamines; receptor cells
d. hormones; target tissues !
: hormones; target tissues
The surfaces of red blood cells have molecules called ________, and the plasma includes proteins called
_________.
Select one:
a. antigens; antibodies !
b. Rh; ABO
c. ABO; Rh
d. antibodies; antigens
e. none of the choices are correct
: antigens; antibodies
As the pH of the blood declines, the amount of oxygen bound to hemoglobin at any given Po2 will _______.
Select one:
a. increase then decrease
b. stay the same
c. increase
d. decrease !
: decrease
Which of the following statements about hormone transport and distribution is not true?
Select one:
a. free hormone concentration is not influenced by plasma protein concentration !
b. hormones bind to certain types of plasma proteins
c. hormones can be transported bound to plasma protein or free in the plasma
d. only free hormones can diffuse through capillary walls and bind to target tissues
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e. All of the statements are true.
: free hormone concentration is not influenced by plasma protein concentration
What is a primary result of pulmonary edema?
Select one:
a. increase in partial pressure in alveoli
b. decrease in the rate of gas exchange !
c. decrease in gas pressure
d. increase in water vapor pressure
: decrease in the rate of gas exchange
Identify which of the following is not a function of epinephrine and norepinephrine.
Select one:
a. decreased blood glucose levels !
b. increased heart rate
c. preparing the body for fight or flight mode
d. vasoconstriction of blood vessels in the viscera
: decreased blood glucose levels
What happens when a zygote splits into two separate cells?
Select one:
a. fraternal twins result
b. both cells die
c. dizygotic twinning occurs
d. paternal twins result
e. identical twins result !
: identical twins result
Select the primary sites of nutrient absorption.
Select one:
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Select one:
a. the duodenum and ileum
b. the jejunum and duodenum !
c. the stomach and duodenum
d. the ileum and jejunum
: the jejunum and duodenum
Select the correct pathway of an egg as it passes through the uterine tube.
(1) isthmus
(2) ampulla
(3) fimbriae
(4) infundibulum
Select one:
a. 3, 4, 2, 1 !
b. 2, 3, 1, 4
c. 2, 4, 1, 3
d. 1, 2, 3, 4
e. 3, 1, 2, 4
: 3, 4, 2, 1
Edema is most likely to occur when someone is experiencing _________.
Select one:
a. dehydration
b. diarrhea
c. burns !
d. shock
e. vomiting
: burns
All of the following materials are transported by blood except ______.
Select one:
a. nutrients
b. hormones
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c. blood gases
d. lactic acid
e. neutrotransmitters !
: neutrotransmitters
Tracing the blood from the heart to the right hand, blood leaves the heart, passes through the ascending
aorta, aortic arch, right subclavian artery, axillary and brachial arteries, either the radial or ulnar arteries and
palmar arches to arrive at the hand. Which artery is missing in this sequence?
Select one:
a. right common cartoid
b. jugular
c. left subclavian artery
d. cephalic
e. brachiocephalic !
: brachiocephalic
What is true of lacteals?
Select one:
a. They are a type of lymphocyte.
b. They exhibit nonspecific defense.
c. They are germinal centers.
d. They are the sinuses inside a lymph node.
e. They are lymphatic vessels in the lining of the small intestine. !
: They are lymphatic vessels in the lining of the small intestine.
In adults, red blood cells are made in ________, spend most of their lifespan in ________, and most are finally
destroyed in _________.
Select one:
a. the spleen; blood vessels; bone marrow
b. bone marrow; blood vessels; the spleen !
c. bone marrow; the spleen; blood vessels
d. blood vessels; the spleen; bone marrow
e. the spleen; blood vessels; spleen
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e. the spleen; blood vessels; spleen
: bone marrow; blood vessels; the spleen
The function of the nasal conchae is _______.
Select one:
a. olfaction
b. to increase surface area for cleaning, warming, and moisturizing the air
c. to increase turbulence and surface area for cleaning, warming and moisturizing the air !
d. to increase turbulence in the airflow
: to increase turbulence and surface area for cleaning, warming and moisturizing the air
What is the process where molecules move out of the digestive tract into circulation or the lymphatic system?
Select one:
a. peristalsis
b. secretion
c. chemical digestion
d. absorption !
: absorption
The _______ does not contain lymphatic tissue?
Select one:
a. lingual tonsil
b. thymus
c. spleen
d. liver !
e. pharyngeal tonsil
: liver
What occurs when blood is regurgitated through the aortic semilunar valve?
Select one:
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a. a heart murmur !
b. the first heart sound
c. end-systolic volume
d. the second heart sound
e. an extra heartbeat
: a heart murmur
Which of the following accurately describes the thoracic duct?
Select one:
a. drains a major portion of the body
b. filters lymph
c. drains the right side of the head, upper-right limb, and right thorax
d. largest lymphatic vessel !
: largest lymphatic vessel
Select the mismatched pair.
Select one:
a. absorption of nutrients - small intestine
b. killing microorganisms with lysozyme - stomach !
c. digestion of carbohydrates - mouth
d. production of mucus - esophagus
: killing microorganisms with lysozyme - stomach
Which of the following veins is superficial?
Select one:
a. radial vein
b. brachial vein "
c. ulnar vein
d. basilic vein
e. subclavian vein
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: basilic vein
After food in the stomach is mixed with gastric juices, it forms a semiliquid called
Select one:
a. phlegm
b. chyme !
c. bile
d. feces
e. bolusin
: chyme
_______ can cause vasodilation, increased capillary permeability, and chemotaxis.
Select one:
a. Leukotrienes
b. Prostaglandins
c. Histamine !
d. Cytokines
e. Complement
: Histamine
Where are Peyerʼs Patches located?
Select one:
a. spleen and tonsils
b. appendix and tonsils
c. lymph nodes
d. small intestine and appendix !
: small intestine and appendix
Select the correct description for external respiration.
Select one:
a. atmospheric air coming into the lungs
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b. gas exchange between the lungs and the blood !
c. gas exchange between the blood and body tissues
d. gas exchange in the atmosphere
e. cellular respiration
: gas exchange between the lungs and the blood
In the pancreas, _______ produce digestive enzymes and the ________ produce insulin and glucagon.
Select one:
a. Islets; acini
b. Acini; islets !
c. Juice; epithelial cells
d. Epithelial cells; juice
: Acini; islets
What is true of the enteric plexus?
Select one:
a. It contains sympathetic neurons and fibers.
b. It controls movement and secretion of the digestive tract.
c. It consists of the myenteric plexus and the celiac plexus. "
d. It is a valve in the GI tract.
e. It is found in the mucosa.
: It controls movement and secretion of the digestive tract.
Select the true statement regarding blood vessel walls?
Select one:
a. The tunica intima is the innermost layer of a blood vessel wall. !
b. The tunica adventitia is composed of smooth muscle and endothelium.
c. Vessel diameter is controlled primarily by the tunica intima.
d. Capillaries have both a tunica intima and a tunica media.
e. The tunica media is found in all blood vessels except veins.
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: The tunica intima is the innermost layer of a blood vessel wall.
Select the correctly matched pair.
Select one:
a. fundus - opening from the stomach into the duodenum
b. pyloric opening - opening from the esophagus
c. pylorus - the most inferior portion of the stomach !
d. body - portion closest to the esophagus
e. cardiac region - the largest portion of the stomach
: pylorus - the most inferior portion of the stomach
The period of time between the first heart sound and the second heart sound is called _______.
Select one:
a. ventricular diastole
b. ventricular systole !
c. the P wave of the ECG
d. ventricular filling
e. atrial systole
: ventricular systole
Which of the following is part of the upper respiratory tract?
Select one:
a. lungs
b. pharynx !
c. alveoli
d. bronchi
e. trachea
: pharynx
Match the pituitary hormones with their functions.
initiates egg or sperm production FSH !
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initiates egg or sperm production FSH !
causes kidneys to retain water
ADH
TSH
GH
ACTH
LH
prolactin
oxytocin
!
stimulates secretion of thyroid hormones !
promotes bone growth !
stimulates the release of hormones from the adrenal cortex !
stimulates the secretion of sex hormones from the gonads !
promotes the production of milk !
stimulates uterine contraction !
Your answer is correct.
: initiates egg or sperm production → FSH, causes kidneys to retain water → ADH,
stimulates secretion of thyroid hormones → TSH, promotes bone growth → GH, stimulates the release of
hormones from the adrenal cortex → ACTH, stimulates the secretion of sex hormones from the gonads → LH,
promotes the production of milk → prolactin, stimulates uterine contraction → oxytocin
Hormones secreted by the hypothalamus travel through the _________ from the hypothalamus to the
___________.
Select one:
a. hypothalamohypophysial portal system, anterior pituitary gland
b. hypothalamohypophysial tract, posterior pituitary gland "
c. hypothalamohypophysial portal system, posterior pituitary gland
d. hypothalamohypophysial tract, anterior pituitary gland
: hypothalamohypophysial portal system, anterior pituitary gland
If a person has low blood glucose levels, what endocrine gland is the likely cause?
Select one:
a. pineal gland
b. thymus
c. pancreas !
d. adrenal gland
: pancreas
Select the true statement.
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Select one:
a. As alveolar volume increases, alveolar pressure (Palv) decreases. !
b. Constriction of bronchioles assists breathing.
c. In expiration, the thoracic volume increases.
d. As thoracic volume decreases, alveolar pressure (Palv) decreases.
e. Pressure is directly proportional to volume.
: As alveolar volume increases, alveolar pressure (Palv) decreases.
The first cell type to exit the blood and move into infected tissues is _______.
Select one:
a. natural killer cell
b. neutrophil !
c. lymphocyte
d. eosinophil
e. monocyte
: neutrophil
Which of the following statements is true regarding tonsils?
Select one:
a. Tonsils provide protection against bacteria entering the oral and nasal cavities. !
b. Tonsils contain red pulp and white pulp.
c. Tonsils increase in size in adults.
d. Tonsils are located in both the oral and abdominal cavities.
e. Tonsils are not functional in children.
: Tonsils provide protection against bacteria entering the oral and nasal cavities.
What is the period from conception until birth?
Select one:
a. the embryonic period
b. the conceptual period
c. the germinal period
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d. the fetal period
e. the prenatal period !
: the prenatal period
Select the mismatched pair.
Select one:
a. root - root canal
b. alveoli - periodontal ligament
c. crown - enamel
d. apical foramen - blood supply
e. pulp cavity - cementum !
: pulp cavity - cementum
The left lymphatic duct drains lymph from the ______.
Select one:
a. left arm, left chest, and left side of head. !
b. upper part of the body.
c. right arm, right chest, and right side of head.
d. abdomen.
e. right side of the body.
: left arm, left chest, and left side of head.
What role does the placenta play?
Select one:
a. insulating the fetus
b. onset of lactation
c. implantation
d. provision of nutrients to the fetus !
e. beginning of parturition
: provision of nutrients to the fetus
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Match the plasma protein to its function.
Select one:
a. fibrinogen - transport of fatty acids
b. globulin - blood clotting
c. globulin - transport and immunity !
d. albumin - helps to fight infection
: globulin - transport and immunity
A _______ offers a bypass for a capillary bed.
Select one:
a. vasa vasorum
b. metarteriole
c. portal vein
d. sinusoid
e. throroughfare channel !
: throroughfare channel
What portion of the digestive tract plays a role in the lymphatic system?
Select one:
a. Peyer's Patches !
b. Duodenum
c. Liver
d. Gallbladder
e. Granular cells
: Peyer's Patches
What is the role of surfactant in alveolar ventilation?
Select one:
a. increases the surface area for gas exchange
b. attracts water to the alveolar surface
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c. increases the surface tension between fluid and the alveoli
d. decreases the surface tension between water molecules on the lining of the alveoli !
e. decreases thoracic compliance
: decreases the surface tension between water molecules on the lining of the alveoli
From smallest to largest, the correct sequence for the following passageways is
Select one:
a. bronchi, respiratory bronchioles, terminal bronchioles, bronchioles, alveoli
b. alveoli, bronchioles, terminal bronchioles, respiratory bronchioles, bronchi
c. alveoli, terminal bronchioles, respiratory bronchioles, bronchioles, bronchi
d. alveoli, respiratory bronchioles, terminal bronchioles, bronchioles, bronchi !
e. terminal bronchioles, respiratory bronchioles, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli
: alveoli, respiratory bronchioles, terminal bronchioles, bronchioles, bronchi
Where are receptors for most water-soluble hormones located?
Select one:
a. golgi apparatus of their target cells
b. plasma membrane of their target cells
c. lysosomes of their target cells
d. nuclear membrane of their target cells
e. endoplasmic reticulum of their target cells "
: plasma membrane of their target cells
If someone has a blood pressure reading of 120/70 mm Hg, their pulse pressure would be
Select one:
a. 90 mm Hg.
b. 50 mm Hg. !
c. 120 mm Hg.
d. 70 mm Hg.
e. 190 mm Hg.
: 50 mm Hg.
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: 50 mm Hg.
Air flows out of the lungs because intra-alveolar pressure is greater than _______ during expiration.
Select one:
a. barometric air pressure !
b. thoracic volume
c. alveolar volume
d. pleural pressure
: barometric air pressure
Select which of the following choices is an innate physical barrier.
Select one:
a. phagocytosis of invading organisms
b. release of histamine
c. inflammation
d. washing action of tears and saliva !
e. activation of complement
: washing action of tears and saliva
All of the following are roles of microorganisms in the large intestine, except ______.
Select one:
a. vitamin K synthesis
b. break down cellulose
c. wall lubrication !
d. microorganisms play all of these roles
: wall lubrication
Chemical messengers that influence the activity of another cell are ___________ chemical messengers. On the
other hand, chemical messengers that influence the activity of the same cell that releases them are
___________ chemical messengers.
Select one:
a. autocrine; merocrine
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a. autocrine; merocrine
b. merocrine; autocrine
c. autocrine; paracrine
d. paracrine; autocrine !
: paracrine; autocrine
Which of the following is an example of down-regulation?
Select one:
a. oxygen levels decline in a tissue and the cells release chemicals that dilate local blood vessels
b. an increase in uterine oxytocin receptors in the third trimester of pregnancy, promoting the
contraction of the smooth muscle of the uterus. "
c. when you exercise, your nervous system increases your heart rate so that blood will circulate faster
d. an insensitivity to insulin due to diabetes
: an insensitivity to insulin due to diabetes
Formed elements in blood are ______, and plasma is _______.
Select one:
a. blood clots; proteins
b. mostly lipids; the matrix
c. the cells; the liquid portion of blood !
d. lacking in protein; regulator of blood osmolality
e. acellular; cellular
: the cells; the liquid portion of blood
What ring of cartilage forms the base of the larynx?
Select one:
a. thyroid cartilage
b. cricoid cartilage !
c. cuneiform cartilage
d. arytenoid cartilage
e. epiglottis
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: cricoid cartilage
How does a capillary wall differ from that of a vein or artery structure?
Select one:
a. capillaries have more smooth muscle
b. the capillary wall has only two tunics
c. capillaries can constrict or dilate
d. capillaries are impermeable to all substances
e. capillary walls have only endothelium and a basement membrane !
: capillary walls have only endothelium and a basement membrane
A _____ is formed once an embryonic mass has 12 or more cells.
Select one:
a. blastula
b. blastocyst
c. trophoblast
d. gastrula
e. morula !
: morula
What occurs due to contraction of the papillary muscles?
Select one:
a. Ejection of blood from the ventricles.
b. The atria ejects their contents into the ventricles.
c. The semilunar valves open.
d. The semilunar valves close.
e. The AV valves are prevented from protruding into the atria. !
: The AV valves are prevented from protruding into the atria.
What ends with capillaries in the liver but begins with capillaries in the abdominal viscera?
Select one:
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Select one:
a. hepatic portal system !
b. splenic system
c. hepatic system
d. celiac system
e. superior mesenteric system
: hepatic portal system
What AV valve that is located on the same side of the heart as where the aorta originates?
Select one:
a. aortic semilunar valve.
b. tricuspid valve.
c. coronary sinus valve.
d. pulmonary semilunar valve.
e. bicuspid or mitral valve. !
: bicuspid or mitral valve.
Select the correct answer explaining why the stomach does not digest itself.
Select one:
a. The stomach wall lacks proteins so enzymes won't attack it.
b. The stomach lining is too tough to be digested.
c. The digestive enzymes in the stomach aren't efficient enough.
d. The stomach is protected by HCl.
e. The stomach wall is protected by large amounts of mucus. !
: The stomach wall is protected by large amounts of mucus.
Which of the following occurs during platelet plug formation?
Select one:
a. platelets multiply and divide.
b. platelets stick to the exposed collagen fibers of injured vessels. !
c. activated platelets release fibrinogen.
d. vitamin A production increases.
e. thrombin is released from endothelial cells.
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e. thrombin is released from endothelial cells.
: platelets stick to the exposed collagen fibers of injured vessels.
The exchange between capillary walls and the interstitial spaces can be improved by _______
Select one:
a. the stratification of the capillary wall
b. the high pressure in the interstitial spaces
c. the thinness of the capillary wall !
d. increased blood velocity through the capillaries
e. minimal branching in the capillary bed
: the thinness of the capillary wall
The best area to check the adequacy of peripheral circulation is in the _______.
Select one:
a. foot !
b. neck
c. groin
d. ankle
e. wrist
: foot
Why is there a delay in the action potential in the AV node?
Select one:
a. It allows time for the atria to be filled with blood.
b. It allows the action potential to reach both ventricles at the same time.
c. It allows an action potential to reach the left atrium so both atria contract together.
d. It allows an action potential to reach the left atrium so both atria contract together, before the
ventricles contract. !
: It allows an action potential to reach the left atrium so both atria contract together,
before the ventricles contract.
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Implantation typically occurs ________.
Select one:
a. in the cervix area of the uterus
b. in the isthmus area of the uterine tube
c. in the fundus area of the uterus
d. in the infundibulum area of the uterine tube
: in the fundus area of the uterus
Which of the following correctly describes tidal volume?
Select one:
a. A lung volume representing the amount of air left in the lungs after a forced exhalation.
b. The additional air that can be forcibly inhaled after inspiration.
c. The volume of air inspired or expired with each breath.
d. The additional air that can be forcibly exhaled after inspiration.
: The volume of air inspired or expired with each breath.
Each of the following is a mechanisms responsible for moving lymph through lymphatic vessels, except
________.
Select one:
a. thoracic pressure changes
b. mediastinum pressure changes
c. contraction of skeletal muscles
d. contraction of lymphatic vessels
: mediastinum pressure changes
What would occur of the ileocecal valve was blocked?
Select one:
a. Prevention of pancreatic juice from entering the duodenum.
b. Prevention of bile from entering the duodenum.
c. Prevention of chyme from entering the ileum.
d. Prevention of lymph from entering the jejunum.
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e. Prevention of chyme from entering the large intestine.
: Prevention of chyme from entering the large intestine.
Select the correct function of the nose.
Select one:
a. producing mucus to trap debris from the air
b. initiating the cough reflex
c. warming the air and producing mucus to trap debris from the air
d. external respiration
e. warming the air
: warming the air and producing mucus to trap debris from the air
Which of the following is derived from endoderm?
Select one:
a. muscle
b. cardiovascular system
c. lining of the digestive tract
d. brain
e. epidermis of the skin
: lining of the digestive tract
What is it called when a blood clot is attached to a blood vessel wall?
Select one:
a. anticoagulant
b. prostacylin
c. thrombus
d. embolus
e. hemorrage
: thrombus
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What do the axons of the neurosecretory neurons form after extending through the infundibulum?
Select one:
a. hypothalamohypophysial portal system
b. hypothalamohypophysial duct
c. hypothalamohypophysial tract
d. infundibular portal system
: hypothalamohypophysial tract
An example of _______ stimuli control is when blood calcium levels decrease due to parathyroid hormone being
released.
Select one:
a. visceral
b. hormonal
c. humoral
d. neural
: humoral
What component of the cardiac muscles cells enables action potentials to pass easily from one cell to the
next?
Select one:
a. gap junctions
b. T tubules
c. smooth sarcoplasmic reticulum
d. fibrous rings
: gap junctions
_____________ hormones bind to membrane-bound receptors; _____________ hormones bind to nuclear receptors.
Select one:
a. Lipid-soluble, lipid-soluble
b. Water-soluble, water-soluble
c. Lipid-soluble, water-soluble
d. Water-soluble, lipid-soluble
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d. Water-soluble, lipid-soluble
: Water-soluble, lipid-soluble
What if the longest part of the urethra?
Select one:
a. Membraneous
b. Spongy
c. Prostatic
d. Shaft
: Spongy
A red blood cell leaves the heart, travels to a tissue, and then returns to the heart. What is the order of the
blood vessels that the blood passes through?
Select one:
a. arteriole, artery, capillary, vein, venule
b. vein, capillary, artery, arteriole, venule
c. artery, arteriole, capillary, venule, vein
d. artery, venule, capillary, arteriole, vein
e. capillary, arteriole, artery, vein, venule
: artery, arteriole, capillary, venule, vein
What structure is removed in a procedure called circumcision?
Select one:
a. Glans penis
b. Bulb
c. Crus
d. Prepuce
: Prepuce
The two major types of phagocytic cells are
Select one:
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Select one:
a. macrophages and monocytes
b. neutrophils and macrophages
c. neutrophils and monocytes
d. T cells and eosinophils
e. lymphocytes and monocytes
: neutrophils and macrophages
Which hormone chemical class typically requires a binding protein for transport in the blood?
Select one:
a. water-soluble
b. lipid-soluble
c. amino acid derivative
d. protein
: lipid-soluble
When is the embryo most sensitive to outside influences that can cause deformities?
Select one:
a. third to the ninth weeks of development
b. twelfth to the twentieth weeks of development
c. ninth to the sixteenth weeks of development
d. twenty-first to twenty-sixth week of development
e. first two weeks after fertilization
: third to the ninth weeks of development
Increased _________ levels result in decreased __________ activity in the bones, and lengthens the life span of
osteoblasts, resulting in ____________ blood calcium levels.
Select one:
a. calcitonin, osteoclast, decreased
b. calcium, osteoblast, decreased
c. calcitonin, osteoblast, increased
d. calcium, osteoclast, increased
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: calcitonin, osteoclast, decreased
Melatonin is released from the ________ and decreases ________ secretion from the hypothalamus.
Select one:
a. pituitary gland; FSH
b. adrenal glands; LH
c. thymus; GHRH
d. pineal gland; GnRH
: pineal gland; GnRH
Hyposecretion of growth hormone can lead to a condition called _________, while hypersecretion can lead to a
disorder called ___________.
Select one:
a. chronic hyperglycemia, giantism
b. pituitary dwarfism, giantism
c. giantism, pituitary dwarfism
d. acromegaly, giantism
: pituitary dwarfism, giantism
Where are sperm produced?
Select one:
a. rete testis
b. seminiferous tubules
c. interstitial cells
d. vas deferens
e. efferent ductules
: seminiferous tubules
Increased renin released by the kidneys would result in_______.
Select one:
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a. an increase in urine output
b. a decrease in blood pressure
c. an increase in vasodilator secretion
d. an increase in blood volume
e. a decrease in aldosterone
: an increase in blood volume
What organ system is derived from all three germ layers?
Select one:
a. cardiovascular
b. nervous
c. endocrine
d. skeletal
e. integumentary
: endocrine
Which of the following are possible side effects of anabolic steroid use? Check all that apply.
Select one or more:
a. development of breasts
b. increased urination rate
c. hair loss
d. mood changes
e. blurred vision
f. increased respiration
g. testicle size reduction
The correct answers are: development of breasts, mood changes, testicle size reduction
What sperm structure contains enzymes that help pierce through an oocyte?
Select one:
a. acrosome
b. sustentacular cells
c. gubernaculum
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c. gubernaculum
d. androgen-binding protein
: acrosome
The body is protected against viral infections by a protein called ______.
Select one:
a. interferon
b. complement
c. kinin
d. histamine
e. lysozyme
: interferon
Which of the following organic molecules include hormones?
1) steroids, 2) proteins, 3) nucleic acid derivatives, 4) polypeptides
Select one:
a. 1, 2, 3, 4
b. 1, 2, 3
c. 1, 3, 4
d. 2, 3, 4
e. 1, 2, 4
: 2, 3, 4
The number of ______ are increased at the start of lymphocyte proliferation.
Select one:
a. macrophages
b. T suppressor cells
c. B cells
d. cytotoxic T cells
e. helper T cells
: helper T cells
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What embryonic membrane completely encloses the embryo in a watery sac?
Select one:
a. yolk sac
b. amnion
c. ectodermal sac
d. chorion
e. allantois
: amnion
Which of the following is responsible for the exchange of nutrients and gases between the blood and tissue
cells?
Select one:
a. arteries
b. capillaries
c. arterioles
d. venules
e. veins
: capillaries
Select the most accurate description of how antibodies are produced.
Select one:
a. cytotoxic T cells stimulated by helper T cells
b. B cells that differentiate to form plasma cells
c. helper T cells stimulated by various cytokines
d. in the red bone marrow
e. natural killer cells as they lyse cancer cells
: B cells that differentiate to form plasma cells
Decreased compliance due to arteriosclerosis would cause the pulse pressure to
Select one:
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Select one:
a. remain the same
b. decrease
c. increase
d. increase, then decrease
e. decrease, then increase
: increase
Which of the following is not a function of the hepatocytes?
Select one:
a. Synthesis of blood components
b. Interconversion of nutrients
c. Excretion
d. Detoxification
e. Bile production
: Excretion
Organ systems mature during the ____ period, and germ layers form during the ____ period.
Select one:
a. fetal; germinal
b. embryonic; fetal
c. germinal; embryonic
d. germinal; fetal
e. prenatal; neonatal
: fetal; germinal
The superior-inferior dimension of the thoracic cavity increases due to contraction of the _______.
Select one:
a. diaphragm
b. sternocleidomastoid
c. rectus abdominis
d. internal intercostals
e. transverse abdominis
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e. transverse abdominis
: diaphragm
Through the ________, it is possible to consciously or unconsciously increase or decrease the rate and depth of
the respiratory movements.
Select one:
a. brain stem
b. medulla oblongata
c. cerebral cortex
d. cerebellum
: cerebral cortex
How many days is the average menstrual cycle? On what day does ovulation occur?
Select one:
a. 32; 16
b. 30; 24
c. 24; 14
d. 20; 10
e. 28; 14
: 28; 14
Blood that bypasses capillaries and is carried directly from arterioles to veins is associated with __________.
Select one:
a. nutrient supply to tissues
b. oxygen supply to tissues
c. thermoregulation
d. removal of metabolic waste products from tissues
e. pH regulation
: thermoregulation
What occurs in the large intestine?
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What occurs in the large intestine?
Select one:
a. neutralization
b. mastication
c. mixing waves
d. chemical digestion
e. mass movements
: mass movements
What law states that the force that stretches the vascular wall is proportional to the diameter of the vessel
times the blood pressure?
Select one:
a. Poiseuille's
b. Laplace's
c. Boyle's
d. Darwin's
: Laplace's
The phase of gastric secretion where an increase in secretion of gastric juice occurs due to the anticipation of
eating food is called the _____ phase.
Select one:
a. cephalic
b. conscious
c. intestinal
d. pancreatic
e. gastic
: cephalic
The pulmonary circulation is the system of blood vessels that carries blood from the ________ to the lungs and
back to the ________.
Select one:
a. right ventricle; left atrium
b. left atrium; right ventricle
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b. left atrium; right ventricle
c. right atrium; left ventricle
d. let ventricle; right atrium
: right ventricle; left atrium
What is the zygote?
Select one:
a. Graafian oocyte
b. primary oocyte
c. sperm just before fertilization
d. secondary oocyte
e. fertilized oocyte
: fertilized oocyte
What role do the interstitial cells or Leydig cells play?
Select one:
a. form the wall of the rete testis
b. cover the testis with a white tunic
c. produce sperm
d. secrete seminal fluid
e. secrete testosterone
: secrete testosterone
Which of the following is accurate regarding Type AB blood?
Select one:
a. It has both A and B antigens on the red cells.
b. It has O antigens on the red cells.
c. It has both A and B antibodies on the red cells.
d. It has no antigens on the red cells.
e. It has both A and B antibodies in the plasma.
: It has both A and B antigens on the red cells.
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: It has both A and B antigens on the red cells.
Glomera are present in large numbers in all of the following areas except ______.
Select one:
a. nail beds
b. sole of foot
c. palm of hand
d. skin of head
: skin of head
____ are part of antibody-mediated immunity while ____ are part of cell-mediated immunity.
Select one:
a. B cells, NK cells
b. Macrophages, antibodies
c. Antibodies, antigens
d. B cells, T cells
e. Neutrophils, monocytes
: B cells, T cells
Which of the following statements is correct?
Select one:
a. Blood pressure is lower in arteries than in veins.
b. For an artery and vein of the same diameter, the vein would have a thicker wall.
c. Veins contain valves and arteries do not.
d. When empty, an artery is more likely to be flattened than a vein.
e. Both arteries and veins are under pressure.
: Veins contain valves and arteries do not.
_______ increases the rate of gas exchange across the respiratory membrane.
Select one:
a. Decreased surface area of the respiratory membrane
b. Increased connective tissue in the alveolar wall
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b. Increased connective tissue in the alveolar wall
c. Increased thickness of the respiratory membrane
d. Increased fluid in the alveoli
e. Increased surface area of the respiratory membrane
: Increased surface area of the respiratory membrane
Arrange the following structures in the order air passes through them during inhalation:
(1) alveolus
(2) respiratory bronchiole
(3) alveolar ducts
(4) terminal bronchiole
Select one:
a. 1, 2, 3, 4
b. 4, 3, 2, 1
c. 2, 1, 3, 4
d. 3, 2, 1, 4
e. 4, 2, 3, 1
: 4, 2, 3, 1
Approximately 90% of the alveolar surface is made up of what type of cells?
Select one:
a. transitional epithelial cells
b. Type I pneumocytes
c. Type II pneumocytes
d. Leukocytes
: Type I pneumocytes
The accumulation of dead white blood cells and bacteria, along with fluid and cell debris, is called ________.
Select one:
a. chemotaxis
b. the buffy coat
c. pus
d. mucus
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: pus
Select the function of thymosin.
Select one:
a. maturation of T-cells
b. destruction of damaged red blood cells
c. destruction of damaged white blood cells
d. activation of lymphocytes in lymph nodes
: maturation of T-cells
Malfunctioning erythrocytes are broken down, resulting in _____.
Select one:
a. formation of bilirubin.
b. iron excreting into the small intestine.
c. their heme groups are converted into amino acids.
d. removal from the blood by the lungs.
e. their components not able to be recycled.
: formation of bilirubin.
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