BIO 210 FINAL EXAM GENETICS 2025 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS.

BIO 210 FINAL EXAM GENETICS 2025 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS. Understand the significance of Darwin's finches - correct answer - Adaptation of beak shape in association with each island. This makes them more "fit" for the ...

BIO 210 FINAL EXAM GENETICS 2025 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS. Understand the significance of Darwin's finches - correct answer - Adaptation of beak shape in association with each island. This makes them more "fit" for their environments (ex. Food source that is available on each island) This was a result of natural selection Maximized fitness Darwin's finches represent... - correct answer - adaptive radiation Adaptive radiation - correct answer - divergence of a single group/species, each better suited to survive in its specific niche. Split into a series of distinct but related species/groups Phenotype vs genotype - correct answer - Phenotypic diversity results from genetic diversity: diff. genes = diff. traits Genetic diversity - correct answer - variation of genes between individuals of a species in a population Page | 2 Translation - correct answer - process in which ribosomes synthesize proteins after the process of transcription ALX1 - correct answer - One of the genes in region D in Darwin's Finches Also affects frog development, human cleft palate, known in birds for beak development Transcription Factor - correct answer - Protein that binds to DNA to initiate (or inhibit) expression of other genes (ex. ALX1) Central Dogma - correct answer - Flow of genetic information (DNA, RNA, proteins) Genes code for proteins via transcription and translation DNA - correct answer - double-stranded helix of nucleic acids Chromosome - correct answer - single, large DNA molecule that is inherited Page | 3 Gene - correct answer - Functional region of a chromosome Locus (Loci) - correct answer - a gene, a location on a chromosome Polymer vs Monomer - correct answer - Polymer: macromolecule made of smaller subunits Monomer: smaller building-block molecules Ex. nucleic acids are composed of nucleotides All nucleotides have the same general, 3-Part structure (dNTP) - correct answer - Deoxyribonucleotide Triphosphate Deoxyribose sugar Ribose: 5'-C sugar Triphosphate: α, β, γ phosphates Bonded to 5'-C Nucleotide base = Nitrogenous base Bonded to 1'-C, diff. between nucleotides.