1. Describe the structure of the nucleus of the isotope
shown below.
227
Ac
89
2. Complete the decay equation, showing an isotope
decaying via alpha decay into an unknown element, X.
221
Pa
…..
X +
…..
………
...
1. Describe the structure of the nucleus of the isotope
shown below.
227
Ac
89
2. Complete the decay equation, showing an isotope
decaying via alpha decay into an unknown element, X.
221
Pa
…..
X +
…..
………
91 ….. …..
3. Complete the decay equation, showing an isotope
decaying via beta decay into an unknown element, X.
34
P
…..
X +
…..
………
15 ….. …..
4. Determine the half-life of a radioactive source which decreases from an activity of 160 Bq
to 20 Bq in 48 years.
5. Determine the fraction of a radioactive source which has decayed after 24 hours, if the
source has a half-life of 12 hours.
6. Draw a diagram showing a nuclear fission chain reaction.7. Explain which of the isotopes in the table would be the best choice for use as:
Isotope Half-life Emission (a) a radioactive medical tracer (b) a source in a radiotherapy machine
A 4 hours α
B 2 years β
C 10 days β γ
D 20 minutes γ
E 4 years α β γ
8. Use the graph to accurately determine the half-life of the radioactive source.
Activity /Bq
48
42
36
30
24
18
12
6 0
40 80 120 160 200 240 280 320 360
Time /hours
9. Describe and explain how the model of the atom has changed over time. You may use
diagrams as part of your answer.GCSE Physics Atomic Structure Techniques “Students should be able to…” Sheet 2
1. Describe the structure of the nucleus of the isotope
shown below.
229
Th
90
2. Complete the decay equation, showing an isotope
decaying via alpha decay into an unknown element, X.
224
Th
…..
X +
…..
………
90 ….. …..
3. Complete the decay equation, showing an isotope
decaying via beta decay into an unknown element, X.
40
Ar
…..
X +
…..
………
18 ….. …..
4. Determine the half-life of a radioactive source which decreases from an activity of 140 Bq
to 8.75 Bq in 24 hours.
5. Determine the fraction of a radioactive source which has decayed after 32 hours, if the
source has a half-life of 16 hours.
6. Draw a diagram showing a nuclear fission chain reaction.7. Explain which of the isotopes in the table would be the best choice for use as:
Isotope Half-life Emission (a) a radioactive medical tracer (b) a source in a radiotherapy machine
A 4 hours α
B 2 years β
C 10 days β γ
D 20 minutes γ
E 4 years α β γ
8. Use the graph to accurately determine the half-life of the radioactive source.
Activity /Bq
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5 0
30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270
Time /days
9. Describe and explain how the model of the atom has changed over time. You may use
diagrams as part of your answer.GCSE Physics Atomic Structure Techniques “Students should be able to…” Sheet 3
1. Describe the structure of the nucleus of the isotope
shown below.
31
P
15
2. Complete the decay equation, showing an isotope
decaying via alpha decay into an unknown element, X.
220
Ra
…..
X +
…..
………
88 ….. …..
3. Complete the decay equation, showing an isotope
decaying via beta decay into an unknown element, X.
26
Na
…..
X +
…..
………
11 ….. …..
4. Determine the half-life of a radioactive source which decreases from an activity of 80 Bq
to 20 Bq in 40 hours.
5. Determine the fraction of a radioactive source which has decayed after 36 hours, if the
source has a half-life of 12 hours.
6. Draw a diagram showing a nuclear fission chain reaction
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