ED VCRT Final Exam Review A+ guarantee

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ED VCRT Final Exam Review A+ guarantee Fill in the blanks for ED flow: results, physician assessment, bed, consults, disposition, MDM, diagnosis, triage, labs/rad/meds - Walk in → triage → bed → physician assessment → labs/rad/meds → results → MDM → diagnosis → consults → disposition (discharge/admit/transfer) What are the 5 vital signs? - Heart rate Blood pressure Respiratory rate Temperature Oxygen saturation The HPI and ROS are what type of information? - Subjective The physical exam is what type of information? - Objective While evaluating a patient complaining of chest pain, your physician tells you that the heart sounds are normal. Would you document it in the HPI, ROS, or PE? - PE Would you be contradicting yourself if you wrote "the patient has abdominal pain" in the HPI, but then later in the physical exam documented "the abdomen is non-tender." Why or why not? - No, because the patient stating they have abdominal pain is subjective. A non-tender abdomen is an objective finding. What is the difference between the HPI and the ROS? - HPI focuses on the details related to their chief complaint. ROS is a head-to-toe checklist of symptoms. It includes chief complaint, associated symptoms, and all other complaints the patient may have. What does disposition (dispo) mean? - The patient's destination after they leave the ED. What subcategories are included within the Past History section of the template? - PMHx: past medical history (HTN, DM, HLD, CAD, MI...) PSHx: past surgical (appendectomy, cholecystectomy, CABG...) FHx: family history (Hx of CAD <55 y/o). SHx: social history (ETOH, smoking, drug abuse, occupation) What is the abbreviation for a heart attack? - MI (myocardial infarction) What is the abbreviation for high blood pressure? - HTN (hypertension) What is the medical term for acid reflux? - GERD (gastroesophageal reflux disease) What is the term for gallbladder removal? - Cholecystectomy What is the medical term for stroke? - CVA (cerebrovascular accident)What does NKDA mean? - No known drug allergies What are the medical terms for redness? - Erythema, injection What is the medical bruising for bruising? - Ecchymosis If the doctor says the exam was "benign," what does that mean? - Normal; nothing of concern What is CAD? - Coronary artery disease What other past histories would suggest that a person has CAD? - MI, angina, CABG, stent, angioplasty Does a PMHx of CVA mean the patient has CAD? - No Does a surgical history of angioplasty mean the patient has CAD? - Yes Explain the difference between CAD and an MI. - CAD is a broad term for heart disease. MI is included in CAD. It's an active heart attack. If someone has a PMHx of A-Fib or CHF, do they also have CAD? - No What are the "cardiac risk factors"? - HTN, DM, HLD, CAD, smoking, FHx CAD < 55 y/o How is CAD diagnosed? - By a cardiologist during a cardiac catheterization. NOT done in the ED. Name 2 ways that an MI can be diagnosed. - STEMI - through an EKG; Non-STEMI - through Troponin What are some associated symptoms of an MI other than CP? - N/V, SOB, diaphoresis What are some associated symptoms for CHF? - SOB (orthopnea, PND, DOE), pedal edema What does PND stand for? - Paroxysmal noctural dyspnea What 2 studies would diagnose CHF? - CXR or elevated BNP What is A-Fib? - Electrical abnormality of the heart causing the top of the heart to quiver What might someone feel with A-Fib? - Palpitations, fast, pounding, irregular heart beat How is A-Fib diagnosed? - EKG

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