Criminology unit 7 notes latest with summary (100%)

Criminology unit 7 notes latest with summary (100%) Unit 7: Lecture 1-Victims of Crime Unit 7: Lecture 1-Victims of Crime Unit 7: Lecture 2-Violent and Property Crime Unit 7: Lecture 3-White-Collar Crime Unit 7-Le ...

Criminology unit 7 notes latest with summary (100%) Unit 7: Lecture 1-Victims of Crime Unit 7: Lecture 1-Victims of Crime Unit 7: Lecture 2-Violent and Property Crime Unit 7: Lecture 3-White-Collar Crime Unit 7-Lectures 4 & 5-Public Order Crime THE VICTIMS – GENDER ● Males more likely to be victims of violent crime ○ 3 to 4 times more likely ○ Except for rape/sexual assault (women are 10 times more likely) ● Most murder victims are male (78.4% as of 2016) ● Violent crime is more widely reported ● Rates have been falling for both males and females since 1994. ● Victimization rates by gender have dropped over time THE VICTIMS - AGE ● Teens and young adults – higher rates of victimization (violent) ○ They tend to be out more, more opportunity ● Ages 16 through 19 most violent/victimized ● Ages 65 and older experience least victimization ○ Except some property crimes ● Victimization rates by age have dropped over time THE VICTIMS – RACE AND ETHNICITY ● African Americans are more likely to be victims of violent crime. ● BJS (Bureau Justice Statistics) Stats: ○ Violent Crime Rates ■ 22.5/1000 African American ■ Whites 22.3 /1000 ■ Hispanics 16.2 /1000 ○ Interaction Between Race and Age ■ Young people are more likely to be violent for all races with stark differences depending on race, young black males being highest & young white males lower ● Victimization rates by race are dropping over time ● Victimization rates by race and gender are dropping over time ● Hispanics and victimization ○ Greater focus on this population recently as they increase in US ○ BJS Stats: ■ Majority of violence for Hispanics involves assault ■ Decreasing over time as well THE VICTIMS – PRIOR VICTIMS ● Once a victim, always a victim ○ Victims have higher rates of future victimization ● What is it about certain people? ○ Vulnerability - individually being physically or mentally weak = easier target ○ Gratifiability - a suitable target for victimization, ex. you may not feel guilty picking this person ○ Antagonism - an individual playing a role in their own victimization, provoking the offender THE VICTIMS – OTHER ATTRIBUTES ● Social Status: economic standing in society, poor are more likely to be victims of crime than the wealthy because the offenders also tend to be lower class ○ convenient locations for crime geographically & opportunity wise ● Marital Status: ○ Widowed lowest rate of victimization, married, divorced, then unmarried at highest ○ May be from age, as well as single people going out more (more opportunities to be victimized) CRIME & VICTIMIZATION IS HOMO-SOCIAL ● Crime is largely homo-social ○ We commit crime to people who are similar to us ○ Usually due to exposure, who we are around the most ○ Tends to be “INTRA” over “INTER” ● Crime is intra-gender: ○ Men most likely to victimize and be the victims ○ Especially for violent crimes ● Crime is intra-racial ○ Whites tend to victimize whites, ect ● Crime is intra-age ○ Young people tend to victimize young people, etc