Educational Assessment WGU - DRC1 Questions and Answers Already Passed

Educational Assessment WGU - DRC1 Questions and Answers Already Passed ALL Assessments ✔✔gather information to understand what students know and can do System of Assessments ✔✔examples: school calendars, year-end asse ...

Educational Assessment WGU - DRC1 Questions and Answers Already Passed ALL Assessments ✔✔gather information to understand what students know and can do System of Assessments ✔✔examples: school calendars, year-end assessments and daily classroom workings Balanced Assessment Program ✔✔striking a balance between high-stakes year-end assessments and what you do in the classroom with your students day-to-day Assessment Plan ✔✔the "cycle" you take the students through as you begin, teach and assess grade level or course content Types of Assessments ✔✔Placement - determine students' level of knowledge prior to instruction Formative - determine effectiveness of instruction; assessment during instruction Diagnostic - determine why a student is struggling Summative - determine level of mastery and assign final grade Differentiated Instruction ✔✔an approach where teachers adjust instruction and assessment to maximize the learning of ALL students Differentiated Content ✔✔HOW content is taught using different methods to teach the same skill/concept to students based on needs Differentiated Process ✔✔refers to the use of different activities that students use to master the content that was taught (HOW they practice learning) Differentiated Product ✔✔refers to the methods students use to demonstrate their learning (includes ALL types of assessments) Accommodations ✔✔working on the same assignment/assessments - complete the standard path to graduate Ex: preferential seating, scribe records responses, sign language interpreter, extra time to complete work, pencil grips, larger fonts, testing in different setting, etc. Modifications ✔✔working on reduced assignments/assessments - do not qualify for a standard diploma Ex: reduction in competencies, simplified language, shortened assignments, extra time to complete work, fewer alternatives on test items Validity ✔✔the extent to which an assessment is able to measure what it is supposed to measure Reliability ✔✔the degree to which assessment results are consistent from one measurement to another Formal Assessment ✔✔assessments made by state or district standards for all students; teachers have no input Informal Assessment ✔✔any assessments prepared by the teacher that is aligned with content and level of teaching (Bloom's) Ethical Uses of Released Items ✔✔teaching students to read the questions as they may appear on the assessment providing practice items that were designed for the same content allowing practice on the pacing of the test items Unethical Uses of Released Items ✔✔preparing study guides - not aligning with standards openly teaching the items instead of the standards-based curriculum 1957 - USSR ✔✔launched Sputnik 1 Satellite 1958 - NDEA ✔✔National Defense Education Act - Congress' response to promote Jr and Sr high schools rigorous math and science curriculum development 1965 - ESEA ✔✔Elementary and Secondary Education Act - legislation that established the need to teach and assess high standards in all US schools; Title One funding created, Head Start began 1983 - A Nation At Risk ✔✔Reagan administration recommended federal oversight with nationwide standardized assessment due to lack of progress 1994 - IMSA ✔✔Improving America's Schools Act - reauthorization of ESEA - established the first federally required testing in public schools - grades 3-8 Reading and Math 2002 NCLB ✔✔reauthorization of ESEA exapanding the content areas and grade levels to grades 3-12 and added science, social studies and writing; schools had to make Adequate Yearly Progress (AYP) or funding would be impacted 2004 IDEA ✔✔Individuals with Disabilities Education Act - reauthorization of Education for ALL Handicapped Children Act (1975) - students with IEPs were moved out of Special Education classrooms into the general education classrooms, called mainstreaming or inclusion 2015 - ESSA ✔✔Every Student Succeeds Act - latest reauthorization of the ESEA - hopes to reduce the emphasis on high-stakes testing, retains accountability measures, reset the sanctions methods, emphasizing career AND college readiness Bloom's Taxonomy - Remember ✔✔recall facts and basic concepts; Selected Response True-False/Matching Bloom's Taxonomy - Understand ✔✔explain ideas or concepts; Selected Response Matching/Multiple Choice (very low level M/C) Bloom's Taxonomy - Apply ✔✔Use information in new situations; Supply Response Multiple Choice/Interpretative Exercise/Alternative Bloom's Taxonomy - Analyze ✔✔Draw connections among ideas; Supply Response Multiple Choice/Interpretative Exercise/Alternative Bloom's Taxonomy - Evaluate ✔✔Justify a stand or decision; Supply Response Interpretative Exercise/Alternative Bloom's Taxonomy - Create ✔✔Produce new or original work; Supply Response Constructed Response (only alternative) Selected Response ✔✔traditional; typical "test"; very objective; doesn't take long to administer or grade; teacher uses 'key' can assess almost all of Bloom's Taxonomy (except for Create) Supply Response ✔✔alternative; not used much, more subjective; may take longer to assigner, longer to administer and needs a grading instrument (4 options) can only assess the higher levels of Bloom's Taxonomy (NOT remember and understand) Alternative Assessments ✔✔Checklists - used when documenting student's ability to perform some behavior or display some skill or knowledge Rating Scales - used when documenting the degree to which a student is able to demonstrate understanding or competence Analytical Rubrics - used when students are all assigned the same assessment prompt Holistic Rubrics - used when students are allowed flexibility in their responses to assessments Statndard ✔✔'trunk of the tree' comes from the state - very general/ not teachable or teacher-friendly Benchmark ✔✔'branches of the tree' comes from the district and clarifies the stand