ACE Final Exam 517 Questions and Answers Latest Update

ACE Final Exam 517 Questions and Answers Latest Update time bound Correct Answer-element of SMART goal setting Kinesthetic pathways Correct Answer-As you show your client a diagram of a hamstring stretch, your client ...

ACE Final Exam 517 Questions and Answers Latest Update time bound Correct Answer-element of SMART goal setting Kinesthetic pathways Correct Answer-As you show your client a diagram of a hamstring stretch, your client begins to perform the stretch without any prompting. This indicates that the client learns BEST through Congruent Correct Answer-Interpersonal communication has the MOST powerful influence on a client when the verbal and nonverbal cues are 10% verbal, 90% nonverbal Correct Answer-communication consists of behaviors that are approximately rapport stage Correct Answer-initial stage of the personal trainer/client relationship cognitive stage Correct Answer-stage of learning do participants seem variably uncoordinated and consistently perform exercises incorrectly Empathy, warmth, genuineness Correct Answer-Three critical ingredients to developing and maintaining a solid rapport with a client are attending/non verbal behavior Correct Answer-kneeling next to client and observing exercise stages of client personal trainer relationship Correct Answer-rapport, investigation, planning, action verbal behaviors Correct Answer-paraphrasing, probing, clarifying, questioning planning stage Correct Answer-set goals investigation stage Correct Answer-gather infor re: client's fitness level, goals, limitations6 steps for program planning Correct Answer-set goals, generate alternatives, explore alternatives, make decisions, formulate plan, evaluate the implementation SMART goals Correct Answer-specific, measurable, attainable, relevant, time bound action stage Correct Answer-when training occurs tell-show-do method Correct Answer-observe how skill is performed then perform it with trainer supervision 3 stages of learning Correct Answer-cognitive: first attempt to demo skill; associative: learned the basic and now self-correcting; autonomous: skill is automatic and habitual without thinking; correct their own errors too much exercise Correct Answer-A hypoglycemic episode may be the result of Side-lying Correct Answer-recovery position is BEST for a victim who is unconscious yet breathing Identify any threats that need immediate attention Correct Answer-In a medical emergency, the purpose of a primary assessment automated external defibrillator (AED) Correct Answer-APortable device used to restore normal heart rhythms 7-10% Correct Answer-For every minute that goes by without defibrillation, the victim's chance of survival decreases by items personal trainer must always have on hand Correct Answer-first aid kit and telephone vital organs req`uired to sustain life Correct Answer-heart, lungs, brain ABC Correct Answer-CPR- airway, breathing, circulationskills needed to determine the nature of an emergency Correct Answer-extract key info from victim & assess victim's condition primary assessment Correct Answer-ABC - identify threats to life requiring immediate attention secondary assessment Correct Answer-more thorough check once primary assessment is complete & help is on the way dyspnea Correct Answer-labored breathing cyanosis Correct Answer-bluish discoloration around the lips and fingertips basic first aid for respiratory difficulties Correct Answer-1. stop activity; 2. ask about medical history; 3. administer oxygen or inhaled meds; 4. administer mouth-to-mouth steps to prevent asthma attack Correct Answer-longer warm up, shorter aerobic phase, inhaler before exercise, take prescribed meds angina Correct Answer-pain originating from the heart syncope Correct Answer-fainting heart attack first aid Correct Answer-stop activity, get comfortable, take meds, keep still, admin oxygen and CPR hypoglycemia first aid Correct Answer-provide sugar (candy/fruit juice) & eat a meal training regimen for diabetic Correct Answer-exercise with regular freq/intensity/duration; no insulin before workouttreatment for heat cramps Correct Answer-drink electrolyte solution and massage the muscle(s); mildest form of heat illness treatment for heat exhaustion Correct Answer-rest, fluid replacement, apply water to skin then fan dry, get to a cool place and apply cool compresses to groin/underarm/neck symptoms of heat stroke Correct Answer-temp 106 +; altered consciousness; dry skin due to lack of sweating first aid for heat stroke Correct Answer-cool compresses to groin/underarm/neck; apply water to skin then fan dry ways to prevent heat illness Correct Answer-table salt, avoid training in heat and humidity, drink lots of water, wear light clothing first aid for seizure Correct Answer-protect from injury due to flailing; jaw thrust manuever laceration Correct Answer-jagged cut caused by a blow avulsion Correct Answer-forcible tearing of tissue from the body hemorrhage first aid Correct Answer-compression and raise legs above the heart sprain Correct Answer-torn ligaments treatment of sprain Correct Answer-immobilize and RICE (rest, ice, compression, elevation) treatment of strain Correct Answer-RICE (rest, ice, compression, elevation) diseases transmitted through the blood Correct Answer-hepatitis (A, B, C, delta), syphillis, malaria, HIV (most common)scheduled times of reduced training Correct Answer-unique characteristic of periodization programs that differentiate them from traditional training programs less tissue trauma Correct Answer-Controlling the speed during strength training results in this Speed of movement Correct Answer-one of the four components of resistance exercise that is key to improving functional performance 20-30 seconds Correct Answer-rest period MOST appropriate for enhancing muscular endurance High-repetition training Correct Answer-results in minimal strength gains and possible overuse injuries in a conditioned female client best program for body fat reduction Correct Answer-walk briskly 45 min 4-5 days per week & overall strength training 2 days week types of resistance training Correct Answer-isometric, concentric, eccentric force development & dynamic constant external resistance (isotonic), dynmamic variable external resistance, and isokinetics main variable in a resistance training program Correct Answer-frequency of training, order and number of sets, reps, load/amount of weight or resistance art in resistance program design Correct Answer-determine clients unique needs and interests; vary freq/intensity/duration within a periodization plan common mistake resistance program design Correct Answer-using one style of training for both athletics & fitness char of resistance program Correct Answer-planned and time efficient, results oriented, functional/usable for the client, directed toward health and fitnessACSM recommendations for resistance program Correct Answer-mimimum standards: mod-high intensity sufficient to develop muscle mass; 2X week, 1 set, 8-12 reps to fatigue; 8-10 exercises for each major muscle group; 30 minutes ACSM standards for resistance program design Correct Answer-dictate duration of workout; gains 2X week = 80% gains 3X week guidelines for change overload Correct Answer-progressive increase in resistance over time that causes muscle fatigue in 30-90 seconds and challenges all major movements/joint actions health & fitness resistance program design Correct Answer-2X week, 1 set 8-12 reps, minimum 10 exercise for each major muscle group, employ active recovery techniques functional resistance program design Correct Answer-id daily life movements that can be trained, address coordination, range of motion, type of contraction and speed of movement body building resistance program design Correct Answer-gains in muscle size/definition/symmetry; mod intensity 8-12 reps high volume = loadXrepsXsets; 2X weekly for each muscle group; giant sets: 3-6 sets 10-15 reps; 30-90 sec rest intervals competitive athlete resistance program design Correct Answer-sport specific movements & general strength base development core training Correct Answer-part of all programs; trunk (ab/back) provides stability for the entire body; power center of the body key point when looking to achieve overload Correct Answer-bring muscle to temporary fatigue with ability to still complete 1-2 more reps with good form all-or-none principle Correct Answer-motor units (NOT THE ENTIRE MUSCLE) contract maximally or not at allimportance of sequence of muscle fiber recruitment Correct Answer-fast twitch fibers held in reserve until slow twitch can no longer function; increase intensity to recruit FT fibers and achieve the training effect; order of recruitment is FIXED for a specific movement reasons to control speed of movement Correct Answer-consistent application of force, increases muscle tension/force/FT & ST fiber activation; increase muscle power potential, less tissue trauma, less chance of injury and increases the training effect time to rebuild ATP-CP energy system Correct Answer-3-5 minutes way to expedite lactic acid removal Correct Answer-2 minute rest periods with light activity active recovery Correct Answer-light activity during rests between sets to maximize use of total training time time between sets Correct Answer-LIGHT: 20-30 SECS; MOD: 30-120 SECS; HEAVY: 2-5 MINUTES recovery time between workouts Correct Answer-48 hours reasons to change a program Correct Answer-lack of results, boredom, lack of motivation, change in goals way to change intensity for a well-trained client Correct Answer-increase resistance and reduce reps periodization Correct Answer-systematic application of overload thru pre-planned variation of program components to maximize strength gains macrocycle Correct Answer-6 mos - 1 year mesocycle Correct Answer-3-4 mos micro cycle Correct Answer-1-4 weekskey to successful periodization Correct Answer-challenging the body with new activities and progressive overload and intensity steps to reaching optimal fitness Correct Answer-design systems with specific goals, fit all systems into specificity chart, encourage consistent effort, proper biomechanical techniques, adequate recovery time, accurate record keeping exercise experience Correct Answer-Personal factor that influences exercise adherence 750 calories Correct Answer-estimated number of calories that an individual will burn by taking an additional 15,000 steps per week Educate the client that lapses are a part of training Correct Answer-strategy BEST prepares a new client for missing opportunities to exercise 30% Correct Answer-approximately what percentage of the American population does not engage in any leisure-time activity 50% Correct Answer-drop-out rate for those beginning an exercise program within six months. 25% Correct Answer-percentage of Americans is engaged in the recommended level of physical activity factors influencing exercise adherence Correct Answer-younger, more education, no smokers, white, not significantly overweight, convenience/cost/amount of time required for fitness program leadership qualities of an exercise leader Correct Answer-appropriate expectations for clients; ID client's readiness to change/preference/ex history; work with client to select activities to meet objectives; set appropriate goals; offer choices exercise prompts Correct Answer-entry in scheduler/cell phone/calendar; set out exercises clothes the night beforehow to prepare a client for lapses Correct Answer-id potential breaks and plan for in advance; design shortened workout for busy times; encourage to exercise on their own Isometric resistance training Correct Answer-client with mild hypertension should be instructed to use caution when performing which of the following types of exercise training stroke Correct Answer-cerebrovascular accident Use RPE rather than heart rate to monitor intensity Correct Answer-exercise guideline is MOST appropriate for a pregnant client Symptom-limited exercise Correct Answer-MOST appropriate for a beginning client with peripheral vascular disease Consume plenty of fluids before and after exercise Correct Answer-strategy to preventing exerciseinduced asthma valsalva manuever Correct Answer-increased pressure in chest caused by forced exhalation w/breath held when exerting effort; tendency to hold breath during exertion ACE cert PT allowed to work with clients with health issues Correct Answer-ONLY after physician clearance exercise guidelines for CAD Correct Answer-walking/low impact aerobics primary mode of training; avoid isometric exercise; weight training low resistance and high reps exercise guidelines for hypertension Correct Answer-don't hold breath or strain; low res/hi rep strength training; RPE as drugs alter training HR; med changes; monitor BP; stop with any abnormal symptoms orthostatic hypotension Correct Answer-drop in BP/low BP when moving from lying to standing position stroke risk factors Correct Answer-high BP, heart disease, smoking, high red blood cell countexercise to reduce stroke risk Correct Answer-reduce BP & overall CAD risk; enhance body's ability to dissolve clots peripheral artery disease (PVD) Correct Answer-aterosclerotic lesions in arteries/veins; usually legs claudication Correct Answer-spasms or blockages in arteries/veins PVD exercise guidelines Correct Answer-low intensity, non-weight bearing (rowing, swimming, cycling); gradual progression; interval training; walk as much as possible diabetes Correct Answer-reduce insulin secretion or sensitiviy causing abnormal metabolism/increase in blood sugar type 1 diabetes Correct Answer-no insulin from the pancreas type 2 diabetes Correct Answer-insulin resistance; body unable to use its own insulin efficiently hyperglycemia Correct Answer-elevated blood sugar/glucose exercise guidelines type 1 diabetes Correct Answer-establish regular pattern if exercise; diet and insulin regulation; perform same exercise routine daily within 1 hour of eating a snack or meal exercise guidelines type 2 diabetes Correct Answer-burn calories to lose weight; long duration exercise best weight reduction Correct Answer-primary goal of exercise -- type 2 diabetes special precautions for diabetic exercisers Correct Answer-type 1: reduce insulin/increade carb before exercise; type 2: exercise 1-2 hours after eating; lower insulin dose before exercise since exercise mimics insulin how exercise helps asthma Correct Answer-reduces ventilation requirements of the lungsexercise guidelines for asthma Correct Answer-have inhaler available; low intensity and increase gradually; plenty of fluids; extended warm up and cool down; avoid extremes in temperature and humidity sample exercises for asthmatics Correct Answer-walk, cycle, swim (best); 3-4 X week; 20-45 min bronchitis Correct Answer-inflammation of the bronchial tubes caused by smoking emphysema Correct Answer-decrease in respiratory function caused by breakdown of the walls of the alveoli COPD Correct Answer-bronchitis + emphysema exercise guidelines for COPD Correct Answer-same as asthma - walk, cycle, swim (best); 3-4 X week; 20- 45 min; do not cause shortness of breath; perform breathing exercises; no smoking sample exercises for COPD Correct Answer-walking, stationary cycling, gradually add upper body resistance exercises; 4-5X weekly; work up to 20-30 minutes how exercise helps cancer Correct Answer-improve overall aerobic capacity, neuromuscular function, quality of life exercise guidelines for cancer Correct Answer-limitations based on surgery, nutrition/fluids, mobility, O2 delivery/breathing, bleeding exercise guidelines for osteoporosis Correct Answer-resistance training; avoid high impact; abduct/adduct legs (best with machine) causes of low back pain Correct Answer-herniated disk; spondylolisthesis (sliding of vertebrae); trauma, degenerative disease; weak abdominalsexercise for low back pain Correct Answer-aerobic training; low back exercises; proper form and alignment; bend knees when lifting; neutral pelvis; strengthen hip flexors, abs, hamstrings exercise guidelines for arthritis Correct Answer-low impact; frequent low intensity sessions; longer warm up cool down; daily full ROM all joints; good posture; exercise up to BUT NOT THROUGH pain sample exercise for arthritis Correct Answer-water aerobics, swimming, 4-5 X weekly; low intensity; longer warm up/cool down exercise guidelines for older adults Correct Answer-include endurance, flexibility, balance, coordination, muscle strength, joint mobility hyperlipidemia Correct Answer-excess of lipids in blood exercise guidelines for obese Correct Answer-walking most days of the week (5X +); gradually increase intensity (start out 2-3 X week) endurance training guidelines for kids Correct Answer-sustained activity using large muscle groups; use RPE; specific time of the day for aerobic activity; 2-3 X/30-40 minutes per session exercise guidelines for pregancy Correct Answer-continue normal exercise routine 1 trimester; avoid supine position 2nd trimester; avoid hot/humid conditions; use RPE; lots of water negligence on the part of a personal trainer Correct Answer-Incorporating unsupported forward flexion exercises for a client with a history of low-back pain Training individuals that require ongoing rehabilitation Correct Answer-NOT consistent with the recognized scope of practice of an ACE-certified Personal Trainer Good Samaritan Laws Correct Answer-In place in all 50 states to provide protection for caregivers using AEDslegal tests employee vs. independent contractor Correct Answer-work controlled by whom; paid hourly; long term work; receive training; equipment provided; work integral; work traditionally done by whom; engaged to work as employee or indy components of a binding contract Correct Answer-offer/acceptance with mutually agreed upon terms; consideration; legality; age and mental capacity general vs. limited partnership Correct Answer-all partners liable vs. liability limited to $ contributed to the business when to refer to nutritionist Correct Answer-when client needs specific recommendations to establish charge of negligence Correct Answer-1. duty to protect 2. failure to exercise standard of care 3. injury occurred 4. injury caused by breach of duty contributory negligence Correct Answer-client played role in injury comparitive negligence Correct Answer-trainer & client both played roles in injury insurance components Correct Answer-what IS covered and what IS NOT covered specific words to look for in liability insurance Correct Answer-"...will pay even if you fail to provide a service..." ways to reduce risk Correct Answer-transfer (insurance), avoid (don't do certain exercises), reduce (education) Risk of CAD, stroke, and kidney disease increases with Correct Answer-Hypertension Demographic information, exercise history, health-risk factors, and medications are all components of Correct Answer-a health screening formAccording to ACSM, moderate-intensity exercise is defined as those activities performed at an intensity of Correct Answer-40-59% V02R Beta-blockers, diuretics, calcium-channel blockers, and ACE inhibitors are classified as Correct Answeranti-hypertensives Shortness of breath Correct Answer-dyspnea purpose of health screening Correct Answer-identify health risks, identify contraindicated activities, design a safe program, fulfill legal and insurance requirements, open lines of communication with docs purpose of fitness testing Correct Answer-assess fitness level for sex, age, aid in program develop, establish baseline, establish goals, provide motivation, evaluate progress ACSM reco exercise intensity Correct Answer-moderate intensity = well within current capacity, sustainable/45 minutes, start and gradual progression, non competitive, 40-50% VO2 reserve or VO2 max - resting VO2 acute disease Correct Answer-from infections chronic disease Correct Answer-from lifestyle choices key components healthy life Correct Answer-physical activity, good nutrition, stress management, psychological balance, routine check-ups referral to MD/get release Correct Answer-anyone who fails physical screen & all men >45 and women >55 for vigorous intensity components of health history Correct Answer-deomographics, exercise history, health risk factors, medications, recent/current illness/injury, surgery, family medical history PAR-Q Correct Answer-physical activity readiness questionnaire