Psychology 101 Exam Latest 2022
Graded A
Psychology ✔✔The science of processes and behaviors
What are the values of Psychology? ✔✔1. empirical evidence
2. critical thinking
3. systematic research methods
What are t
...
Psychology 101 Exam Latest 2022
Graded A
Psychology ✔✔The science of processes and behaviors
What are the values of Psychology? ✔✔1. empirical evidence
2. critical thinking
3. systematic research methods
What are the goals of Psychology? ✔✔1. description
2. explanation
3. prediction
4. facilitating changes (therapy)
Aristotle ✔✔Lived from 384 to 322. Believed that knowledge was acquired through experience
Nature Vs. Nurture ✔✔Are a persons characteristics mostly inborn or learned?
Four Laws of Association ✔✔1. Law of Similarity
2. Law of Contrast
3. Law of Contiguity
4. Law of Frequency
Descartes ✔✔French Philosopher (1596-1650)
Believed that behavior was controlled by the mind or will; we freely choose our actions
Ernst Heinrich Weber ✔✔(1795-1878)
- Psychologist at Leipzig.
- Introduced Just Noticeable Differences as the unit of measure (ratio of weight)
Gustav Fechner ✔✔(1801-1887) Formalized and developed Weber's Law; showed that it implied
a relationship between stimulus intensity and the intensity of sensation.
Herman Ebbinghaus ✔✔(1850- 1909)
- Inspired by Fechner to discover quantitative order in higher mental processes.
- Great innovator
- Influence has lasted over 100 years
- Developer of the Learning Curve (as time passes we remember less)
William James ✔✔(1842-1910)
- Wrote "The Principles of Psychology" published in 1890
- Believed the mind was a stream of consciousness
- Studied various groups, not just individuals
- Trained as an MD
- Taught Psychology and Philosophy at Howard
- Established a teaching lab in 1875
1879 ✔✔Psychology becomes a science, first psychology lab in Leipzig, Germany.
Wilhelm Wundt ✔✔- First true Psychologist
- Research assistant for Hermann Helmholtz
- Wrote "Contributions Towards a Theory of Science Perception" in 1862
- Saw Psychology as falling between the physical sciences and social sciences
Introspection ✔✔Looking inside oneself
Edward Bradford Titchener ✔✔- Popularized Wundt's Psychology and brought it to the United
States
- Used introspection to uncover components of thought
Charles Darwin ✔✔- Evolution
- Offered an account for transmutation: Natural Selection to explain the adaptivity of traits
Mary Calkins ✔✔- One of the first women in
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