HESI Pharmacology Practice Exam Latest Updated 2022 Already Passed

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HESI Pharmacology Practice Exam Latest Updated 2022 Already Passed Following the administration of sublingual nitroglycerin to a client experiencing an acute anginal attack, which assessment findin... g indicates to the nurse that the desired effect has been achieved? A. Client states chest pain is relieved B. Client's pulse decreases from 120 to 90 C. Client's systolic blood pressure decreases from 180 to 90 D. Clients SaO2 level increases from 92% to 96% Correct Answer-A. nitroglycerin reduces mycocardial oxygen consumption which decreases ischemia and reduces chest pain A client with hyperlipidemia recieves a prescription for niacin (niaspan). which client teaching is most important for the nurse to provide a. expected duration of flushing b. symptoms of hyperglycemia c. diets that minimize gi irritation d. comfort measure for pruritis Correct Answer-A. flushing of the face and neck, lasting up to an hour, is a frequent reason for discontinuing niacin. inclusion of this effect in clietn teaching may promote compliance in taking the med. When assessing an adolescent who recently overdosed on acetaminophen (tylonel), it is most important for the nurse to assess for pain in which area of the bodya. flank b. abdomen c. chest d. head Correct Answer-B. acetaminophen toxicisty an result in liver damage; therefore, it is especially important for the nurse to assess for pain in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen (which might indicated liver damage) A client is admitted to the coronary care unit with a medical diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction. which medication prescription decreases both preload and afterload a. nitroglycerin b. propranolol c. propranolol d. captopril Correct Answer-A. nitroglycerin is a nitrate that causes peripheral vasodilation and decreases contractility, thereby decreasing both preload and afterload A client is being treated for hyperthyroidism with propylthiouracil (PTU). The nurse knows that the action of this drug is to A. decrease the amount of the thyroid-stimulating hormone circulating in the blood B. increase the amount of thyroid-stimulating hormone circulating in the blood C. increase the amount of T4 and decrease the amount of T3 produced by the thyroidD. inhibit synthesis of T3 and T4 by the thyroid gland Correct Answer-D. PTU is an adjunct therapy used to control hyperthyroidism by inhibiting production of thyroid hormones. It is often prescribed in prep for thyroidectomy or radioactive iodine therapy Which change in data indicates to the nurse the desired effect of the angiotensin II receptor antagonist has been achieved A. Dependent edema reduced form +3 to +1 B. Serum HDL increased from 35 to 55mg/dl C. PUlse rate reduced from 150 to 90 beats/min D. Blood pressure reducedf rom 160/90 to 130.80 Correct Answer-D. angiotensin II receptor antagonist (blocker), prescribed from treatment of HTN. The desired effect is a decrease in blood pressure. Which instructions should the nurse give to a female client who just recieved a prescription for oral metronidazole (flagyl) for treatment of trichomonas vaginalis (select all that apply) A. increase fluid intake, especially cranberry juice B. Do not abruptly discontinue the medication; taper use C. Check blood pressure daily to detect hypertension D. Avoid drinking alcohol while taking this medication E. Use condoms until treatment is completed F. Ensure that all sexual partners are treated at the same time Correct Answer-ADEFThe nurse is transcribing a new prescription for spironolactone (aldactone) for a client who receives an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. Which action should the nurse implement A. verify both prescriptions with the HCP B. report the med interactions to the nurse manager C. hold the ACE inhibitor and give the new prescription D. Transcribe and send the prescription to the pharmacy Correct Answer-A. the concomitant use of an ACE inhibitor and a potassium-sparing diuretic sucha s spironolactone, should be given with caution b/c the two drugs may interact to cause an elevation in serum potassium levels. A client has myxedema, which results from a deficiency of thyroid hormone synthesis in adults. The nurse knows that which medication should be contraindicated for this client? A. liothyronine (cytomel) to replace iodine B. Furosemide (Lasix) for relief of fluid retention C. Pentobarbital sodium for sleep D. nitroglycerin for angina pain Correct Answer-C. persons with myxedema are dangerously hypersensitive to narcotics, barbiturates, and anesthetics. They do not tolerate liothyronine and usually receive iodine replacement therapy. These clients are also suceptable to heart problems such as angina for which nitroglycerine would be indicated and and congestive heart failure for which furosemide would be indicated A client has a continuous IV infusion of dopamine and an IV of normal saline at 50ml/hour. The nurse noes that the client's urinary output has been 20ml/hour for the last two hours. Which intervention should the nurse initiate?A. stop the infusion of dopamine B. change the normal saline to a keep open rate C. replace the urinary catheter D. notify the healthcare provider of the urinary output. Correct Answer-D. A healthcare provider prescrives cephalexin monhydrate (Keflex) for a client with a postoperative infection. It is most important for the nurse to assess for what additional drug allergy before administering this prescription? A. Penicillins B. Aminoglycosides C. Erythromycins D.Sulfonamides Correct Answer-A. Cross-allergies exist between penicillins and cephalosporines, such as keflex. so checking for penicillin allergy is a wise precaution Which medications should the nurse caution the client about taking while receiving an opioid analgesic? A. Antacids. B. Benzodiasepines C. Antihypertensives D. Oral antidiabetics Correct Answer-B. respiratory depression increases with the concurrent use of opioid analgesics and other cns depressant agents, such as alcohol, barbiturates, and benzodiasepinesWhich nursing diagnosis is important to include in the plan of care for a client recieving the angiotensin II receptor antagonist irbesartan (avapro)? A. Fluid volume deficit B.Risk for infection C. Risk for injury D. Impaired sleep patterns Correct Answer-C. Avapro is an antihypertensive agent, which acts by blocking vasoconstrictor effects at various receptor sites. This can cause hypotension and dizziness, placing the client at high risk for injury A postoperative client has been recieving a continuous IV infusion of meperidine (demerol) 35mg/hr for four days. The client has a PRN prescription for Demorol 100mg PO Q3H. The nurse notes that the client has become increasingly restless, irritable and confused, stating that there are bugs all over the walls. What action should the nurse take FIRST? A. Administer a PRN dose of the PO meperidine (demorol) B. Administer naloxone (narcan) IV per PRN protocol C. Decrease the IV infusion rate of the demerol per protocol D. notify the healthcare provider of the clients confusion and hallucinations Correct Answer-C. The client is exhibiting symptoms of demerol toxicity, which is consistent with the large dose of demerol recieved over four days. C. is the most effective action to immediately decrease the amount of serum demerol. [Show More]

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