AP World History Unit 8 Latest 2022 Graded A

AP World History Unit 8 Latest 2022 Graded A Ming Dynasty ✔✔(1368-1644) restoration of the Chinese culture: Confucianism, bureaucracy, civil service exams, traditional values returned "Ming" = "brilliant" Overthrow o ...

AP World History Unit 8 Latest 2022 Graded A Ming Dynasty ✔✔(1368-1644) restoration of the Chinese culture: Confucianism, bureaucracy, civil service exams, traditional values returned "Ming" = "brilliant" Overthrow of the Yuan ✔✔Ming overthrow and restore China to a centralized state Hong Wu ✔✔(1368-1398) Chinese leader of the overthrow of the Yuan Dynasty, was emperor and put a lot of trust in the eunuchs Great Wall ✔✔finalized the building of this in the 15th-16th centuries (during the Ming), built to protect the realm of China, thousands of workers Fall of the Ming ✔✔famine, government corruption, and started using eunuchs, which didn't have reproductive organs, and so the Qing overthrew Qing Dynasty ✔✔(1644-1911) last of the Chinese Dynasties, expanded from Taiwan to the Caspian Sea, Manchurians were rulers from north "Qing" = "pure" Manchuria ✔✔ruled in China, spoke Chinese and practiced Confucianism, but forbid intermarriage and Chinese learning Manchurian language Kangxi ✔✔(1661-1722) ruler during the Qing, "enlightened", expanded China, was the "son of heaven" Economic Development in China ✔✔population double to 200 million people, have problem feeding -- only 10% of land was arable, traded with Spanish-Americans, no industrialization Social structure in China ✔✔from top to bottom: officials, peasants, merchants Tokagowa Shogunnate ✔✔(1600-1867) dynasty rule in Japan after the Shogun in the feudal, population growing but still agricultural Tokagowa Ieyasu ✔✔(1600-1616) rules in Japan, was the head shogun, skeptical of foreigners Daimyos ✔✔local rulers under the lord (shogun) Trading in Japan ✔✔expelled Europeans before they could get a foothold in Japan, only traded with Dutch because they weren't a major threat Opium problem in China ✔✔British kept trading opium for valuables with Chinese (brought from India) and government says to stop, but British bring it underground Opium Wars ✔✔(1889-1842) started with the Chinese government attacking the British and the British fighting back, then totally taking control over China, also took a major trading port: Hong Kong Treaty of Nansing ✔✔treaty that stops the Opium Wars Hong Kong ✔✔major trading port in China, captured by the British Taiping Rebellion ✔✔(1850-1864) revolt from below in China, people wanted education and democracy Hong Xiuquan ✔✔leader of the Taiping Rebellion, defeated and is more discontent Boxer Rebellion ✔✔(1899) goal was to target foreign influence so Chinese murdered Europeans, Russia, U.S., Germany, Britain, and France had to subdue it Fall of Tokugawa ✔✔high taxes, famine, inflation caused this, and Westerners showing up Commodore Matthew Perry ✔✔U.S. naval officer that forces the Japanese into trade and signing a treaty Meiji Restoration ✔✔(1868) overthrow of the Tokugawa and Mutsuhito put as emperor, stopped the West and industrialized/modernized like the West on their own Emperor Mutsuhito ✔✔put in power as a boy, ruled in the Meiji Sino-Japanese War ✔✔(1844-1845) war between Chinese and Japanese over land, and the Japanese gained some land of China (also had Korea and other islands around) Russo-Japanese War ✔✔(1904-1905) war between the Russians and Japanese, and Japan defeated huge Russia Ottoman Empire ✔✔(289-1923) expanded to Constantinople (1453), key to strength was military -- calvary, spread to Africa, Arabia, E. Europe, Mediteranean Janissaries ✔✔sons of the defeated empires that were forced to join the Ottoman army Sultan Salim the Grim ✔✔(1515) expanded to Egypt, Syria, and Baghdad, builds strong military in the Mediterranean Hapsburgs ✔✔developed a strong rivalry with Salim, were the ruling family of the Holy Roman Empire Jizya tax ✔✔money that other religions had to pay if they were the minority, Ottomans used Safavid Empire ✔✔(1500-1722) enemy with the Ottomans, defeated in war with the Ottomans, doesn't expand anywhere Shah Ismail ✔✔(1501-1524) converted all Persians to Shia, started Twelver Shiism Twelver Shiism ✔✔belief in 12 holy imams following Muhammed, first was Ali, twelfth was in hiding and god kept him alive, he will return with Jesus Muhammed al-Mahdi ✔✔possibly the twelfth imam, some believe it was Ismail Fall of Safavid ✔✔military threats of Russia in north and Mughals in the east, trade was ending around them, and the treasury drained in 1722 Mughal Empire ✔✔(1526-1857) in India, expanded past the Sultante of Delhi, religiously tolerant Zahir al-Din ✔✔founded the Mughal Empire, was Turkish and named it "Mughal" = "Mongol" in Persian Akbar ✔✔(1556-1605) grandson of Zahir, destroyed