EAWS (CORE) PHASE I - (14) Fundamentals Of Flight

EAWS (CORE) PHASE I - (14) Fundamentals Of Flight What is motion? - ANS - Movement; act of changing position What is acceleration? - ANS - Rate of change of speed and/or velocity of matter with time What is speed? - ...

EAWS (CORE) PHASE I - (14) Fundamentals Of Flight What is motion? - ANS - Movement; act of changing position What is acceleration? - ANS - Rate of change of speed and/or velocity of matter with time What is speed? - ANS - Rate of movement in terms of distance measured in an allotted amount of time What is velocity? - ANS - The quickness or speed of an object in a given time and direction What is Newton's First Law? - ANS - Inertia; an object at rest will remain at rest, or an object in motion will continue in motion at the same speed and in the same direction, until acted upon by an outside force What is Newton's Second Law? - ANS - Force; If an object moving with uniform speed is acted upon by an external force, the change of motion, or acceleration, will be directly proportional to the amount of force and inversely proportional to the mass of the object being moved What is Newton's Third Law? - ANS - Action and reaction; for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction What is Bernoulli's principle? - ANS - When a fluid flowing through a tube reaches a constriction or narrowing of the tube, the speed of the fluid passing through the constriction is increased and its pressure decreased; Lift of an airfoil is accomplished by the difference in the airflow across the airfoil, since the upper surface has a camber, and the lower surface is relatively flat, splitting the airflow, and developing lifting pressure beneath the wing What is lift? - ANS - Force that acts in an upward direction to support the aircraft in the air; counteracts the effects of weight What is weight? - ANS - Force of gravity acting downward on aircraft and everything inside What is drag? - ANS - Force that tends to hold an aircraft back; caused by disruption of air about the wings, fuselage or body; resists motion What is thrust? - ANS - Force developed by the aircraft's engine, and acts in forward direction; counteracts drag What is the longitudinal axis? - ANS - Imaginary reference line running down the center of aircraft between the nose & tail What is the lateral axis? - ANS - Imaginary reference line running parallel to the wings What is the vertical axis? - ANS - Imaginary reference line running from the top to the bottom of the aircraft What do ailerons control? - ANS - Roll/longitudinal axis What do elevators control? - ANS - Pitch/lateral axis What does the rudder control? - ANS - Yaw/vertical axis What does the cyclic stick control? - ANS - Roll and pitch; tilts the plane (angle) of rotor blades forward, aft, or sideways, changing direction of lift What does the tail rotor control? - ANS - Yaw; counteracts torque of main rotor by increasing or decreasing amount of horizontal thrust; vertical axis Describe flaps - ANS - Create extra lift by lengthening top section of wing Describe spoilers - ANS - Used to decrease or "spoil" wing lift by destroying the smooth flow of air over wing surfaces; creates a more predictable landing glideslope Describe speed brakes - ANS - Hinged or moveable control surfaces used for reducing the speed of aircraft Describe slats - ANS - Moveable control surfaces attached to leading edge of wing; at low airspeeds, improves lateral control handling, giving pilot "boundary layer control" Describe collective - ANS - Changes pitch angle of all main rotor blades collectively Describe Angle of Attack - ANS - Angle at which airfoil/fuselage meets flow of air; defined as angle between the chord line of the wing and relative wind; measured in units Describe autorotation - ANS - A method of allowing a helicopter to land safely from altitude without using engine power Describe a basic aircraft hydraulic system - ANS - Reservoir, Pump, Tubing, Selector valve, Actuating unit Describe a shock strut assembly on landing gear - ANS - Absorbs shock that otherwise would be sustained by the airframe Describe tires - ANS - Allow aircraft to roll easily and provide traction during takeoff and landing Describe Wheel Brake Assembly on landing gear - ANS - Used to slow and stop aircraft; also used to prevent aircraft from rolling while parked Describe Retracting and Extending mechanism on landing gear - ANS - All the necessary hardware to electrically or hydraulically extend and retract the landing gear