IBHRE ATI practice

IBHRE ATI practice How many HZ are in bpm? - ANS - 1 HZ is equal to 60 bpm In what relation are the units microamps and milliamps used in terms of equations? - ANS - Microamps is a unit of current drain of battery for ...

IBHRE ATI practice How many HZ are in bpm? - ANS - 1 HZ is equal to 60 bpm In what relation are the units microamps and milliamps used in terms of equations? - ANS - Microamps is a unit of current drain of battery for battery longevity. Milliamps is a unit for ohms law and the energy equation. In the Ohms law equation, what are the units? - ANS - V=I x R: Volts= mA x kOhms What is the formula for energy? - ANS - E = V x I x PW and can be converted into E = (V^2 x PW)/R. E is in microJoules I is KOhms PW is ms What is the unit conversion for current drain using microamps? - ANS - 1 amp-hr = 1,000,000 microamp-hr When using formula Q=I x t it is easiest to convert everything to microamperes How many hrs in 1 yr? - ANS - 8760 hrs in 1 yr IS-1 leads and DF-1 leads are - ANS - trifurcated leads one advantage is you can use another coil and or sq array Comparing IS4 to DF4 lead ports, DF4 lead ports have - ANS - a smaller diameter in the pin step What is the name of the new battery technology? - ANS - Li/CFx (lithium poly carbon monofluoride) How to determine what view an X-ray is in? - ANS - AP - spine is straight RAO- spine is right LAO- spine is left (from xray point of view) When looking at an xray, lead positioning is an issue if you see - ANS - pull back, excessive slack, right angles In what case would the leads come down on the left side of the spine and cross over? - ANS - Persistent left sided superior vena cava, the SVC drains into the coronary sinus. 1/200 Pts In what scenario can the DDI mode cause pacemaker syndrome? - ANS - When the atrial rate exceeds the ventricular rate, there is no tracking of the atrium To have a high current density the electrode surface should have a what size? - ANS - Small cathode What is the most common electrolyte disturbance to cause a loss of capture in the A or V? - ANS - Hyperkalemia Hypercalcemia bring the QT interval shorter or longer? - ANS - The QT interval is shorter What is most likely to trigger the EOL in an ICD? - ANS - Capacitor charging What are the guidelines for life support compressions? - ANS - 5 to 6cm (2 to 2.5 inches) at a steady rate of 100 to 120 compressions a minute. Drugs to avoid in Pts with Long QT syndrome? - ANS - Cardiac: sotalol, quinidine, and amiodarone Antibiotics: Arhythmyocin Which insulation lead materials are known for reducing fibroblasts and susceptible to Metal Ion Oxidation and Environment stress cracking? - ANS - Pollyethane 80A and PTFE Which drug may effect digoxin and reduce the clearance of it? - ANS - Amiodarone Inhibition of Warfarin metability can occur as well. Which factors might elevate myocardial stimulation thresholds? - ANS - Acidosis (excessive acid), Alkalosis (excess blood alkalinity), Hypoxia (loss of oxygen) An infection is diagnosed 1 month after pacemaker implantation, what is the culprit? Considered an early infection vs Staphyloccus epidermis which is later - ANS - Staphyloccus Aureus Subcutaneous emphysema associated with subclavian puncture would cause one to suspect: - ANS - Pneumothorax Which of the following causes stimulation of the cardiac C fibers in patients exhibiting vasodepressor syncope? - ANS - vigorous squeezing of the relatively empty ventricles What is the infection rate of males with CRT-D systems? - ANS - 0.5 to 1.5%. The highest current density in a bipolar lead would be - ANS - a brady lead with the smallest cathode Here are more lead dimension info: pacing cathode: 2-6mm2 pacing anode: 4-20mm2 ICD lead tip: 2-10mm2 RV coil: 300mm2-600mm2 SVC coil: 400mm2-860mm2 What is the estimated battery service life? - ANS - Q= I x t Covert everything to microAmps, 1A = 1,000,000 microamps And then use 8,760 hrs/ yr AFFIRM study stands for - ANS - AF followup investigation of rhythm management AV Block occurs in approximately _________ % of congenital open heart surgeris - ANS - 1- 3% 1 french is equal to ______ - ANS - 0.30 mm Which of the following is the most common ca