Medication Aide Pharmacology Basics Already Passed

Medication Aide Pharmacology Basics Already Passed tab ✔✔tablet cap ✔✔capsule sol ✔✔solution syr ✔✔syrup oint ✔✔ointment crm ✔✔cream supp ✔✔suppository inh ✔✔inhaler Buccal/buc ✔✔inside the cheek sublingual/su ...

Medication Aide Pharmacology Basics Already Passed tab ✔✔tablet cap ✔✔capsule sol ✔✔solution syr ✔✔syrup oint ✔✔ointment crm ✔✔cream supp ✔✔suppository inh ✔✔inhaler Buccal/buc ✔✔inside the cheek sublingual/subling/SL ✔✔under the tongue od ✔✔right eye os ✔✔left eye ou ✔✔both eyes p.o. ✔✔by mouth pr/rec ✔✔by rectum subcutaneous/subcu/SQ ✔✔under the skin top/topical ✔✔on the skin vag/vaginal ✔✔by vagina cm ✔✔centimeter cc ✔✔cubic centimeter gtt ✔✔drops gm ✔✔gram mg ✔✔milligram fl. oz. ✔✔fluid ounce spray ✔✔sp. mL,ml ✔✔milliliter oz ✔✔ounce Ib ✔✔pound Tbs ✔✔tablespoon tsp ✔✔teaspoon u ✔✔units 1cc = ✔✔1ml 1tsp= ✔✔5ml 3tsp= ✔✔1Tbsp 1 oz= ✔✔30ml 30ml= ✔✔2 Tbsp 2 Tbsp= ✔✔1 oz 15 ml= ✔✔1Tbsp 1 Tbsp= ✔✔1/2 oz 5 ml= ✔✔1 tsp ac ✔✔Before meals pc ✔✔After meals am ✔✔Morning pm ✔✔Afternoon Ad lib ✔✔As desired prn ✔✔As necessary or as needed hs ✔✔Hour of sleep stat ✔✔Immediatly q ✔✔Every qod ✔✔Every other day qam ✔✔Every morning qd ✔✔Once daily bid ✔✔Two times daily tid ✔✔Three times daily qid ✔✔Four times daily qhs ✔✔Every hour of sleep h, hr ✔✔Hour qh ✔✔Every hour q2h ✔✔Every two hours q3h ✔✔Every three hours q4h ✔✔Every four hours digoxin ✔✔a cardiovascular drug can slow the heart rate down ✔✔digoxin you should check the pulse if a patient is taking if below 60 don't give medications and notify HCP ✔✔digoxin Gastrointestinal drugs ✔✔are used to treat stomach and intestinal conditions examples of a gastrointestinal drug ✔✔Maalox Watch for signs or excessive bleeding or unusual bruising/ blood in stool or urine it means ✔✔they are having side affects from taking an anti-coagulant if a client experience any side effect make sure they avoid taking ✔✔aspirin examples of an antihypertensive drug ✔✔Lopressor(metropolol), Prinivil(lisinopril) Antihypertensive drugs ✔✔are used to lower blood pressure when taking any Endocrine system drugs you should watch for ✔✔weight loss or gain examples of endocrine system drugs ✔✔Synthroid(levothyroxine) and humulin(insulin) If a persons blood pressure is reading normal all the time should the person continue to take the Antihypertensive drug? ✔✔yes can high Antihypertensive drugs cure high blood pressure or only control it. ✔✔only control it Antihyperlipidemics ✔✔are used ton lower cholesterol what has a side effect of muscle aches or cramps ✔✔an antihyperlipidemic drug examples of hyperlipidemic drugs are ✔✔Lipitor(atorvastatin), Mevacor(lovastatin) and Tricor(fenofibrate) Antibiotics ✔✔are used to treat bacterial infections example of an antibiotic is ✔✔Bactuim DS These classes of drugs pose a higher risk for sever allergic reaction ✔✔Antibiotics and Pain Medications when taking antibiotics you should what for signs of allergic reactions like ✔✔itching, rash, difficulty breathing Name 3 things about anticonvulsants ✔✔1. used to treat seizures or certain types of pain. 2. increasingly used for bipolar disorder and behavioral management in dementia. 3 important not to miss a dose. side effects from anticonvulsants ✔✔slurred speech, decreased coordination, headaches, insomnia and muscle twitching examples of anticonvulsants ✔✔Dilantin, Neurontin and Depakote uses a narrow therapeutic range ✔✔Anticonvulsants These type of drugs should not be used to induce sleep in the older adult ✔✔Benadryl or Tylenol PM Side effects are nausea and constipation ✔✔Osteoporosis drugs when taking a pain medication you should watch for ✔✔upset stomach, gastric ulcers, drowsiness and constipation examples of NSAIDs are ✔✔Motrin and Advil when taking Tylenol the client should not exceed ✔✔4,000mg in 24 hours what may happen if a client goes over the limited dose of 4,000mg in a 24 hour period ✔✔they may develop liver damage Name the 4 steps of how a drug is processed in the body ✔✔1.Absorption 2.Distribution 3. Metabolism 4. Excretion Absorption ✔✔is when the drug is introduced into the body Distribution ✔✔is when the drug is moving into body fluids and tissues Metabolism ✔✔is when the body tries to rid itself of the drug it often needs to break it down before it can be eliminated Excretion ✔✔is most metabolized drugs, after filtering through the kidneys, are excreted in the urine or sweat. What are 5 physical factors that affect drug action? ✔✔age, weight, gender, disease state and genetics What are the 4 psychosocial factors that affect drug action? ✔✔diet, exercise, mental state and past history What are the 3 drug administration factors? ✔✔dosage form, route of administration and time of administration What are the 3 effects of medication? ✔✔1.desired 2. undesired 3. no effect Desired effect ✔✔drug acts in the manner for which it was prescribed Undesired effect ✔✔an unwanted action that does no harm to the body by limiting the usefulness of the drug No effect ✔✔when the client has no response, notify HCP Anaphylaxis ✔✔is a severe allergic reaction, usually to a substance to which a person has become sensitized. Epi Pen ✔✔a single unit dose of epinephrine are commonly used in HCP's offices. ✔✔PDR PDR ✔✔Physician's Desk Reference commonly used by pharmacists ✔✔USPDI USPDI ✔✔United Stated Pharmacopeia Dispensing Information commonly used by nurses ✔✔Nurses Drug Handbook popular with the lay person ✔✔The pill book WHEN IN DOUBT ✔✔DON'T What 3 things should be on a label? ✔✔Name of the pharmacy, number of refills and Doctors name, Administration route ✔✔how the drug is administered ADR ✔✔Adverse Drug reaction Contraindication ✔✔conditions under which the drug should not be used. these drugs has precautions Controlled substance ✔✔a drug or chemical substance whose possession and use are controlled by law. may be subject to abuse. Generic ✔✔a lesser expensive drug that may be deemed therapeutically equivalent. Poly-pharmacy ✔✔when a client is taking a combination of two or more drugs. Therapeutic range ✔✔the concentration or level of a drug in the blood required for the desired outcome. Toxicity ✔✔the quality, state, or relative degree of being toxic or poisonous to the body.