BioBeyond Unit 6: Cellular Replication. Complete Q&A.

BioBeyond Unit 6: Cellular Replication Do you think this process is the same for all cells? - ✔✔No, because prokaryotic cells would need more complex processes due to the cell wall See if you can identify which steps ...

BioBeyond Unit 6: Cellular Replication Do you think this process is the same for all cells? - ✔✔No, because prokaryotic cells would need more complex processes due to the cell wall See if you can identify which steps should occur in binary fission below: - ✔✔Two genetically identical cells are present DNA is copied in place Cell wall and membrane pinch closed DNA migrates to either side of cell See if you can order the images from the first to last step starting on the left. - ✔✔Circle with one green circle inside the green circle are divide into two green circles the cell wall is starting to break in the middle the picture with the red arrows two separate circles with one green circle inside each Binary fission is used by: - ✔✔Prokaryotes And produces: - ✔✔Two genetically identical cells Eukaryotes (plants, animals, and fungi) reproduce differently than prokaryotes on a cellular level. Which of the following do you think contributes most to this different process? - ✔✔Eukaryotes are multicellular What do you see happening in the images to the right? - ✔✔The genetic material is being copied What appears different? - ✔✔The genetic material has condensed Do you think chromosomes would always be shaped like an X? Why or why not? - ✔✔No - other organisms might have differently shaped chromosomes What has happened in metaphase? Select all that apply: - ✔✔The chromosomes have connected to something on either end of the cell The nucleus has dissolved Chromosomes are lining up in the middle of the cell What do you see happening in anaphase? Select all that apply. - ✔✔The chromosomes are moving to either end of the cell The chromosomes have split in half What is present on either end of the cell at the end of anaphase? - ✔✔One complete set of genetic information What appears to be occurring in telophase in the image at right? Select all that apply. - ✔✔A new nucleus has formed on either end of the cell What happens in cytokinesis? Select all that apply. - ✔✔The cytoplasm has been sealed between the two new cells The cell has divided Mitosis is used by: - ✔✔Eukaryotes And produces: - ✔✔Two genetically identical cells Thinking back to what you learned about cell types, how are prokaryotes different from eukaryotes? Select all that apply: - ✔✔Prokaryotes do not have organelles Prokaryotes do not have a nucleus Prokaryotes usually have less DNA than eukaryotes Prokaryotes are smaller than eukaryotes Which of these traits of prokaryotes do you also see in the diagram of the mitochondria? Select all that apply: - ✔✔No nucleus No organelles Overall size smaller than eukaryotes Which of the following is a good description of a mutualistic relationship? - ✔✔Both organisms benefit What benefit does the cell get from the mitochondria or chloroplast? - ✔✔Increased energy What benefits does the mitochondria or chloroplast get from the cell? Select all that apply - ✔✔Nutrients Defense Can you remember them? - ✔✔Mitochondria Chloroplast How do they replicate? - ✔✔Binary Fission What is the scientific theory that describes why they replicate separately? - ✔✔Endosymbiosis Why might this create a problem for a species' adaptation and survival? - ✔✔Adaptation requires genetic variation, and these processes do not introduce any variation To illustrate the outcome of meiosis, think back to genetics - what do you know about your genome? - ✔✔Half comes from your father, half from your mother What does the makeup of your genome mean about your genes? - ✔✔You have one copy each from both your father and mother In order for each parent to contribute half of the genome of the child, what has to happen? - ✔✔Each parent needs to produce a cell with half of the information of their own genome What do you recall is the outcome of mitosis, which is similar to the outcome of meiosis I? - ✔✔Two genetically identical cells How much genetic information is in each cell at the end of mitosis? - ✔✔Normal What differences do you see? - ✔✔Meiosis doesn't split chromatids Meiosis mixes genetic material during cell division Meiosis I put pictures in order left to right - ✔✔4 yellow strings above the red and blue X the yellow strings on each side going toward the X's the yellow strings putting the X's apart the half of the X's about to be in different cells What are the outcomes of meiosis II? Number of cells: - ✔✔Four Genome size of cells: - ✔✔Half (haploid) Genome size of cells: - ✔✔Identical Binary Fission (top to bottom) - ✔✔Prokaryotes 2 Identical Normal Mitosis (top to bottom) - ✔✔Eukaryotes 2 Identical Normal Meiosis (top to bottom) - ✔✔Eukaryotes 4 Different Half