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Advanced Nursing Exam 2 | DOWNLOAD FOR QUALITY GRADES

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Ventilation-Perfusion Balance and Imbalance  Adequate gas exchange on adequate ventilation/perfusion balance (V/Q ratio)  V= ventilation  4 Liters of air per minute is normal  Q= perfu... sion  5 liters of blood per minute is normal  Normal= 4/5 or 0.8  Higher than 0.8 means: Ventilation exceeds perfusion  Lower than 0.8 means: V/Q mismatch caused by poor ventilation or too much perfusion  *PaCO2 is the best indicator for respiratory function  If PaCO2 is NORMAL (35-45) = adequate alveolar ventilation  If PaCO2 is HIGH = alveolar ventilation is Low → hypoventilation  If PaCO2 is LOW = alveolar ventilation is High → hyperventilation 4 Types of Ventilation Perfusion Balance and Imbalance Normal Ratio Low V/Q Ratio High V/Q Ratio Silent Unit V=P (Q) V < P (Q) V > P (Q) None or minimal Healthy Lung Shunt producing disorders Dead Space results Absence of V/Q Blood = amount of gas in alveoli Blood bypasses the alveoli but is unable make gas exchange Alveoli do not have adequate blood supply for gas exchange No perfusion or ventilation Seen in lower airway obstructions Seen in a multitude of illnesses EX: PNA, Tumors, Mucus plugs, ARDS (ARDS Tx: ↑ pressure, low volume) EX: PE, Cardiogenic shock, Pulmonary infarctions, MI EX: Pneumothorax, SARS VQ Scan 1  Breathing in radioactive gas +  Gives you a picture of ventilation  IV radioactive medication  Gives you a picture of perfusion  The radioactive agents are given a [Show More]

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