MB (ASCP) Exam Questions and Answers Graded A

MB (ASCP) Exam Questions and Answers Graded A Predominant form of DNA ✔✔Right-handed B DNA and histone interaction is due to what type of bond? ✔✔Ionic What stains to the minor groove of DNA duplex? ✔✔SYBR Green Wha ...

MB (ASCP) Exam Questions and Answers Graded A Predominant form of DNA ✔✔Right-handed B DNA and histone interaction is due to what type of bond? ✔✔Ionic What stains to the minor groove of DNA duplex? ✔✔SYBR Green What is the most abundant type of RNA? ✔✔Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) What does RNA act as in a retrovirus? ✔✔Genome and mRNA What increases half-life of mRNA? ✔✔5' Methyl Cap What kind of DNA is most likely to be transcriptionally active? ✔✔Euchromatin What is the most common type of eukaryotic DNA? ✔✔Satellite DNA What specimen has the most DNA according to molecular weight? ✔✔White Blood Cells What amino acids compose histones? ✔✔Lysine and Arginine Amino acid that all proteins start with: ✔✔Methionine What protects the DNA strand during replication? ✔✔Single-stranded binding protein Leading Strand ✔✔3' to 5' template Lagging Strand ✔✔5' to 3' template What DNA strand is being copied in transcription? ✔✔Antisense Strand First step after newly formed mRNA is made? ✔✔Addition of poly(A) tail Every time the chromosome is copied it would become shorter if not for what enzyme? ✔✔Telomerase What polymerase has repair activity? ✔✔Beta/Epsilon What polymerase acts on leading strand? ✔✔Delta What polymerase acts on lagging strand? ✔✔Alpha Which polymerase is used for mitochondrial replication and repair? ✔✔Gamma What polymerase binds the 5' end to 3' end of dsDNA? ✔✔Topoisomerase Which RNA polymerase is mainly for transcription? ✔✔RNA Pol II Which polymerase is involved with mRNA synthesis? ✔✔RNA Pol II What inactivates RNAses? ✔✔Diethyl pyrocarbonate (DEPC) or bake glassware for 4 to 6 hours at 400C What type of restriction enzyme recognizes palindromic sites? ✔✔Restriction Enzyme Type II What type of restriction enzyme lacks methylation activity? ✔✔Restriction Enzyme Type II What is necessary to make cDNA? ✔✔Reverse transcriptase Number of SNPs in a human genome? ✔✔11 billion (10^7) How many genes (base pairs) are in a human haploid genome? ✔✔3 billion base pairs The polymerization of acrylamide requires: ✔✔Catalyst (APS or TEMED) or Light activation How does agarose gel pore size relate to concentration? ✔✔Inversely proportional What is denatured during a southern blot? ✔✔Hydrogen bonds (inter-strand bonds) Melting temperature formula ✔✔Tm = (4C x GC Pairs) + (2C x AT pairs) Which is likely to interfere with fluorescent probe? ✔✔5' G Proper GC content of primer ✔✔35-65% Inhibitors of PCR ✔✔Hemoglobin, Heparin, Xylene, Phenol, Cyanol, and Bromophenol Blue Order to add to a PCR reaction: ✔✔Master mix > patient sample > positive control > negative control Pre Area ✔✔Positive Pressure Post Area ✔✔Negative Pressure Which PCR requires two steps for specificity? ✔✔Nested PCR Which microorganism is detected by branched DNA amplification? ✔✔DNA or RNA Which technique uses RNA, antibodies, and DNA? ✔✔Hybrid Capture Assay Use of bisulfite treatment of DNA to determine its pattern of methylation ✔✔Bisulfite DNA What tests are isothermal? ✔✔NASBA, TMA, & SDA Which leukemia is associated with FLT3 gene? ✔✔AML T-cell gene rearrangement is seen in what malignancy? ✔✔Sezary Syndrome Which translocation causes Acute Premyelocytic Leukemia? ✔✔t 15;17 Ewing Sarcoma ✔✔t 11;22 Synovial Sarcoma ✔✔t X;18 Follicular Lymphoma ✔✔t 14;18 What genes would be screened in a colorectal panel? ✔✔MSH2 & MLH1 What gene mutation causes a high risk of breast or ovarian cancer? ✔✔BRCA1 and BRCA2 What does MSI test for? ✔✔Mutations in mismatch repair genes (MMR) What disease is related to factor V coagulation gene (F5 1q23)? ✔✔Thrombossis How many copies are in a full Fragile X mutation? ✔✔200-2000+ CGG repeats What disease is known for numerous mutations and large deletions? ✔✔Muscular Dystrophy (Duchenne) What HPV causes cervical cancer? ✔✔16 & 18 You receive a paraffin embedded specimen for HPV typing, which method should you use? ✔✔PCR Significant change in HIV viral load: ✔✔0.5 log10 Lowest viral concentration that can be detected ov