NSG 202 Exam 1 - Questions & Answers (Graded A)

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1. Pharmaceutic Phase: 2. A tablet (capsule), taken PO, goes through 3 phases. What are the 3 phases? 3. True/False: When a drug is administered SubQ, IM, or IV, there is a pharmaceutic phase. ... 4. Disintegration: 5. Dissolution: 6. True/False: Drugs in liquid form are more rapidly available for GI absorption than are solids. 7. Pharmacokinetic Phase: 8. What are the 4 processes of Pharmacokinetics? 9. Absorption: 10. 3 types of Absorption: 11. The GI membrane is composed of ___________ & ___________________, so that drugs which are lipid soluble pass rapidly through the GI membrane. 12. True/False: Water-soluble drugs do not need a carrier to pass through the membrane. 13. Large particles pass through the cell membrane if they are ___________________________. 14. Drugs that are lipid soluble and nonionized are absorbed _____________ than water-soluble and ionized drugs. 15. What can affect drug absorption? 16. True/False: Drugs given IM are absorbed faster in muscles that have more blood vessels than in those that have fewer blood vessels. 17. First-Pass Effect: 18. Bioavailability: 19. When does Bioavailability occur? 20. The % of bioavailability for the oral route is always _________ 100%, but for the IV route it is always ___________. 21. What factors alter bioavailability? 22. Distribution: 23. Drug distribution is influenced by what? 24. VD 25. True/False: Drugs with a smaller volume of drug distribution have a longer half-life and stay in the body longer 26. Protein binding: 27. Free drugs: 28. Patients with liver or kidney disease, or malnourished, have low albumin. What does this mean? 29. How do nurses prevent drug toxicity from happening to a patient? 30. True/False: Most older adults are more likely to have hypoalbuminemia. 31. What is the Blood-Brain Barrier? 32. Drugs that are not bound to proteins and are not lipid soluble are not able to cross the BBB, which makes it difficult to ________________ the drug. 33. Metabolism: 34. What is the primary site of metabolism? 35. A large % of drugs are lipid soluble, thus the liver metabolizes the lipid-soluble drug substances to a __________________________________ for renal excretion. 36. True/False: Liver disease such as cirrhosis and hepatitis do not alter drug metabolism. 37. When drug metabolism rate is ______________, excess drug accumulation can occur and lead to toxicity. 38. ______________________ of a drug is the time it takes for one half of the drug concentration to be eliminated. 39. A short t 1/2 is considered to be ______________________, and a long t 1/2 is _______________________. 40. The main route of drug elimination is through the _________________. 41. Creatinine Clearance: 42. _____________ is the study of the way drugs affect the body 43. True/False: Drug response can cause a primary or secondary physiological effect or both. 44. What is the difference between primary and secondary physiologic effects? 45. Does Response: 46. Onset of Action: 47. Peak Action: 48. Duration of Action: 49. What is the Time-Response Curve? 50. Minimum Efficacy Concentration (MEC): 51. Minimum Toxic Concentration (MTC): 52. __________________ is a drug that produces a drug response. 53. _______________________ are drugs that block a response. 54. Nonspecific drugs: 55. Nonselective drugs: 56. 4 categories of drug action include: 57. Therapeutic Index: 58. Peak Drug Level: 59. Trough Drug Level: 60. Loading Dose: 61. Side Effects: 62. Adverse Reactions: 63. Two types of antibiotics are? 64. Bacteriostatic Drugs: 65. Bactericidal: 66. What are the ways Antibacterial affect the body? 67. Superinfection: 68. Narrow spectrum: 69. Broad spectrum: 70. Signs/Symptoms of Viruses: 71. Non-classified antivirals only attack ____________________. 72. What are the side effects of Nonclassified antivirals? 73. what do Neuraminidase Inhibitors attack? 74. Side Effects of Neuraminidase Inhibitors: 75. True/False: Bacteria is more resistant to the 1st generation vs the 4th generation. 76. Contraindications of Penicillin (Amoxicillin & Dicloxacillin) 77. Interactions of Penicillin (Amoxicillin & Dicloxacillin): 78. Side Effects of Penicillin (Amoxicillin & Dicloxacillin): 79. Adverse Reactions of Penicillin (Amoxicillin & Dicloxacillin): 80. MOA of Penicillin (Amoxicillin & Dicloxacillin): 81. Uses of Penicillin (Amoxicillin & Dicloxacillin): 82. Contraindications of Cephalosporins (Ceftriaxone): 83. Interactions of Cephalosporins (Ceftriaxone): 84. Side Effects of Cephalosporins (Ceftriaxone): 85. Adverse Reactions Cephalosporins (Ceftriaxone): 86. MOA of Cephalosporins (Ceftriaxone): 87. Uses of Cephalosporins (Ceftriaxone): 88. Contraindications of Macrolides (Azithromycin): 89. Interactions of Macrolides (Azithromycin): 90. Side Effects of Macrolides (Azithromycin): 91. Adverse Reactions of Macrolides (Azithromycin): 92. MOA of Macrolides (Azithromycin): 93. Uses of Macrolides (Azithromycin): 94. Side Effects of Lincosamides: 95. MOA of Lincosamides: 96. Side Effects of Vancomycin: 97. MOA of Vancomycin: 98. Uses of Vancomycin: 99. MOA of Ketolides: 100. Uses of Ketolides: 101. Side Effects of Ketolides: 102. Contraindications of Tetracyclines (Doxycycline): 103. Interactions of Tetracyclines (Doxycycline): 104. Uses of Tetracyclines (Doxycycline): 105. Side Effects of Tetracyclines (Doxycycline): 106. MOA of Tetracyclines (Doxycycline): 107. Adverse Reactions of Tetracyclines (Doxycycline): 108. Contraindications of Aminoglycosides (Gentamicin Sulfate): 109. Interactions of Aminoglycosides (Gentamicin Sulfate): 110. Uses of Aminoglycosides (Gentamicin Sulfate): 111. MOA of Aminoglycosides (Gentamicin Sulfate): 112. Side Effects of Aminoglycosides (Gentamicin Sulfate): 113. Adverse Reactions of Aminoglycosides (Gentamicin Sulfate): 114. Contraindications of Fluoroquinolones (Levofloxacin): 115. Interactions of Fluoroquinolones (Levofloxacin): 116. Side Effects of Fluoroquinolones (Levofloxacin): 117. Uses of Fluoroquinolones (Levofloxacin): 118. MOA of Fluoroquinolones (Levofloxacin): 119. Adverse Reaction of Fluoroquinolones (Levofloxacin): 120. Contraindications of Sulfonamides (Trimethoprim - Sulfamethoxazole): 121. Interactions of Sulfonamides (Trimethoprim - Sulfamethoxazole): 122. Uses of Sulfonamides (Trimethoprim - Sulfamethoxazole): 123. Side Effects of Sulfonamides (Trimethoprim - Sulfamethoxazole): 124. MOA of Sulfonamides (Trimethoprim - Sulfamethoxazole): 125. Adverse Reactions of Sulfonamides (Trimethoprim - Sulfamethoxazole): 126. Contraindications of Purine Nucleosides (Acyclovir Sodium): 127. Interactions of Purine Nucleosides (Acyclovir Sodium): 128. Uses of Purine Nucleosides (Acyclovir Sodium): 129. MOA of Purine Nucleosides (Acyclovir Sodium): 130. Side Effects of Purine Nucleosides (Acyclovir Sodium): 131. Adverse Reactions of Purine Nucleosides (Acyclovir Sodium): 132. MOA of Metronidazole (Flagyl): 133. Uses of Metronidazole (Flagyl): 134. Side Effects of Metronidazole (Flagyl): 135. Contraindications of Fluconazole (Antifungal: Azoles): 136. Interactions of Fluconazole (Antifungal: Azoles): 137. Uses of Fluconazole (Antifungal: Azoles): 138. MOA of Fluconazole (Antifungal: Azoles): 139. Side Effects of Fluconazole (Antifungal: Azoles): 140. MOA of Nystatin (Antifungal: Polyenes): 141. Uses of Amphotericin B (Antifungal Polyenes): 142. MOA of Amphotericin B (Antifungal Polyenes): 143. Side Effects of Amphotericin B (Antifungal Polyenes): 144. Adverse Reactions of Amphotericin B (Antifungal Polyenes): 145. Contraindications of Antitubercular (Isoniazid): 146. Interactions of Antitubercular (Isoniazid): 147. Uses of Antitubercular (Isoniazid): 148. Side Effects of Antitubercular (Isoniazid): 149. MOA of Antitubercular (Isoniazid): 150. Adverse Reactions of Antitubercular (Isoniazid): 151. Trade Name of Antitubercular (Isoniazid): [Show More]

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