Test #6 Neuro 1
Patho
Question Answer
the brain is protected by the
___ and ____ the skull and CSF
______ must be maintained
for electrical impulses metabolic stablilty
metabolic stability and
electrical impulses
...
Test #6 Neuro 1
Patho
Question Answer
the brain is protected by the
___ and ____ the skull and CSF
______ must be maintained
for electrical impulses metabolic stablilty
metabolic stability and
electrical impulses are
controlled through the ____
and _____
blood-brain barrier and
autoregulatory
mechanisms
decreased O2 with maintained
blood flow...the interruption
in the delivery of O2
hypoxia
reduced blood
flow...interuption of O2 and
glucose and removal of waste
products
ischemia
one single area; collateral
circulation may develop to
compensate
focal ischemia
entire brain; no collateral global ischemia
in ischemia the gluose reserve
is used up in ___ 2-4 minutes
in ischemia the ATP reserve is
used up in ___ 4-5 minutes
excess ___ in the tissue leads
to edema Na
energy depletion leads to
shifts in __, ___, and ___ Na, K, Ca
increase in tissue colume do
to fluid accumulation cerebral edema
two types of cerebral edema vasogenic and cytotoxic
results from an increase in
extracellular fluid surrounding
the brain cells
vasogenic cerebral edema
vasogenic cerebral edema
may cause damage which may
impairs the ____
blood brain barrier
vasogenic cerebral edema
mainly occurs in ___ white matter
swelling of the brain cells cytotoxic cerebral edema
cytotoxic cerebral edema
mainly occurs in ___ grey matter
rise in the pressure(>15
mmHg) of CSF that maintains
the subarchnoid space
> intracranial pressure
between the skulll and the
brain
as volume of one
compartment increases,
volume of another decreases,
to a limit
Monro-Kellie Hypothesis
monro-kellie hyopthesis is
controlled by ____ autoregulation
cerebral arterioles change
diameter to maintain bl flow
when ICP increases
autoregulation of monrokellie hypothesis
in the monro-kellie hypothesis
___ is unable to compensate,
but the ___ is able to
compensate to a limit
brain tissue.....blood
compartment
____ and _____ occurs when
the brain is unable to
compensate past its limit
ischemia and hypercapnia
cushing's triad/reflex is ___,
____, and ____
elevates systolic blood
pressure (SBP), wide
pulse pressure, and
bradycardia
displacement of a portion of
the brain through or around
linings of the brain or
herniation
openings within the
intracranial cavity
herniation = brain death
you want to try to preven
herniation b/c if not ____ will
occur
death
FLEXOR posturing indicating
corticospinal tract lesions decorticate
EXTENSOR posturing
indicating brainstem injury decerebrate
what are the main s/s of
increased intracranial pressure
HA, N/V, and pupillary
changes
seen in head injuries...pupils
will constrict and get big, then
little, big then little...etc
hippus
why do you want to sit a px
with increased intracranial
pressure in semi-fowlers
position?
to try to drain some of the
fluid (30-60 degree angle)
structural damage to the head
and is the leading cause of
death in ages <24
tranumatic head and brain
injury
can be simple, commuinuted,
or depresed and can cause
compression ot trauma to the
brain tissue
sk
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