Inductive Vs. Deductive Arguments
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Deductive Argument ✔✔if all the premises are true then the conclusion must be true.
Inductive Argument ✔✔if all the premises are true then there is a high probability t
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Inductive Vs. Deductive Arguments
Already Passed
Deductive Argument ✔✔if all the premises are true then the conclusion must be true.
Inductive Argument ✔✔if all the premises are true then there is a high probability that the
conclusion is true, but do not guarantee the truth of the conclusion.
Premises ✔✔constitutes the basis for accepting the truth of the conclusion. The truth of these is
taken for granted.
Conclusion ✔✔the statement the arguer wants you to believe
Sorites ✔✔A collection of arguments.
Valid/Invalid ✔✔Deductive Arguments are ____ or _______. Because of the nature of deductive
arguments, there is no degree of this.
Strong <--> Weak ✔✔Inductive Arguments can be ______ or ______. Because of the nature of
inductive arguments, there is a scale (degree) of this.
Degree of Strength ✔✔Inductive arguments exist on a scale. The degree of strength can vary.
There is no degree of validity (deductive arguments) because a deductive argument is either valid
or invalid.
Valid ✔✔In a deductive argument, if all the premises are true, then the conclusion MUST be
true. Thus the argument is ______. This is dealing with the relationship between the premises
and the conclusion and not the actual truth-value of the statements. The argument is
____________ when the truth of the premises 100% entails the truth of the conclusion.
Invalid ✔✔In a deductive argument, if it is possible for the premises to be true and the
conclusion false, then the argument must be _____.
An example of a deductive argument ✔✔All men are mortal. (premise)
Socrates was a man. (premise)
_________________________________
Socrates was mortal. (conclusion)
An example of an inductive argument ✔✔Socrates was Greek. (premise)
Most Greeks eat fish. (premise)
__________________________________
Socrates ate fish. (conclusion)
Truth value and premises ✔✔Adding premises to a deductive argument doesn't change the truth
value of the conclusion. But adding premises to an inductive argument can strengthen or weaken
the probability of the truth of the conclusion.
Deductively Sound ✔✔When a deductive argument is valid and all the premises are true then the
argument is _______________.
Deductively Unsound ✔✔When a deductive ar
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