Nesa Questions and Answers Graded A

Nesa Questions and Answers Graded A OSHA lists standard safeguards to protect workers from health hazards related to blood-borne pathogens. The reason for the standards is there is: ✔✔A significant health risk associat ...

Nesa Questions and Answers Graded A OSHA lists standard safeguards to protect workers from health hazards related to blood-borne pathogens. The reason for the standards is there is: ✔✔A significant health risk associated with exposure to blood. How is Hepatitis B transmitted? ✔✔By sexual and/or blood-to-blood contact. Which hepatitis is the cause of most liver transplants? ✔✔Hepatitis C The virus that causes Acquired Immuno-Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is: ✔✔Human immunodeficiency virus How are blood-borne pathogens spread? Select All That Apply: 4 ✔✔Pathogen must be present Person is susceptible to the pathogen Pathogen enters through the correct entry site Quantity of pathogen present is enough to cause disease What is the best way to protect oneself from blood-borne pathogens? ✔✔Standard precautions What is the major difficulty in treating a client with a condition caused by a multidrug resistant organism? ✔✔The microorganisms have become so resistant that no available antibiotics are effective against them. Prevention of multidrug resistant organisms in healthcare settings rely on appropriate clinical practices that are incorporated into all routine patient care. What components are part of an effective prevention plan? Select all that apply. 4 ✔✔Prevention of lower respiratory tract infections in intubated patients Optimal management of vascular and urinary catheters Judicious anti-microbial selection and utilization Accurate diagnosis of infections etiologies Common multidrug resistant organisms include methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE). ✔✔True Antibiotic resistance occurs when bacteria change in some way that reduces or eliminates the effectiveness of substances designed to cure/prevent infections. ✔✔True Repeated and improper use of antibiotics are primary causes of the increase in drug resistant bacteria. ✔✔True According to the Morse Fall Scale Assessment, a patient has a high-risk of falling. The patient fell while being toileted by the nursing staff. By definition, how would this fall be classified? ✔✔Anticipated physiological fall The nurse is completing in-patient admission assessments on a group of new patients. Based on the intrinsic factors present, which patient should the nurse identify as being the highest risk for fall? The patient who has: ✔✔Decreased visual acuity, walks with a cane, and has arthritis The nurse is determining steps that could be taken to reduce the patient's extrinsic risks for falls. Which nurse intervention could the nurse plan to reduce the patient's extrinsic fall risk? Select all that apply. 6 ✔✔Availability of needed assistive devices Lighting in the patient's room Proper use of assistive devices Bathroom support equipment for the toilet and shower Condition of the floor surfaces Type and condition of footwear When developing a risk management plan, take into account that there is no single risk factor or single approach solution. The plan must be multi-disciplinary and multi-factorial in approach and must be tailored to the individual. Which fall prevention program is most likely to be effective? One which: ✔✔Encompasses a number of different interventions and targets multiple risk factors One is benefit of implementing a standardized fall risk assessment at the time of admission? ✔✔All necessary fall prevention resources that target the specific risk factors can be implemented early. According to the Center for Disease Control (CDC), what is the purpose of Standard Precautions? Choose the BEST answer. ✔✔Protect healthcare practitioners and patients from the spread of infections What are the components of Standard Precautions? Select all that apply 3 ✔✔Personal protective equipment Safe handling of potentially contaminated equipment and surfaces in the patient environment Hand hygiene What is the difference between standard precautions and transmission precautions? Transmission precautions are: ✔✔Used when the routes of transmission are not completely interrupted by standard precautions alone. When contact precautions are to be implemented, what protection is required of all healthcare personnel providing care to the patient? ✔✔Donning gown and gloves for all interactions that may involve contact with the patient or potentially contaminated surfaces. When should droplet precautions be implemented? ✔✔On admission of any patient admitted with complications related to influenza When are airborne precautions implemented rather than droplet precautions? ✔✔When the infectious agent has the ability to remain suspended in the air over long distances. When should soap and water hand hygiene be used rather than the preferred method of alcohol based hand rub? ✔✔When hands are visibly soiled or after caring for patients with a known or suspected infection diarrhea What is the correct method for performing alcohol-based hand hygiene? ✔✔Apply the product to the palm and rub it into all surfaces of the hands and fingers. Allow the product to air dry. Always perform hand hygiene in which of the following situations? Select all that apply 4 ✔✔If hands will be moved from a contaminated body site to a clean site. Before touching a patient with or without donning gloves. After glove removal. On exiting the patient room after touching the patient or patient supplies. Which principle should most guide the nurse's choice for selection of which pieces of personal protective equipment to don prior to beginning care of a patient? ✔✔The nature of the patient interaction and the potential exposure to blood, body fluids, or infectious agents. When should each component of Personal Protective Equipment be implemented? Match the component to the situation in which it should be used. ✔✔Gown - procedure or activities where skin and clothing may be contaminated Gloves - anticipated contact with blood, body fluids, mucous membranes, non-intact skin of contaminated equipment exists. Face mask - potential contact with respiratory secretions or the need to protect immunocompromised patient. Goggles - potential for splash or spray of blood and/or secretions exists The nurse is performing patient care tasks requiring Personal Protective Equipment of goggles, face mask, and gown. In what order should this equipment be donned? ✔✔Gown, face mask, goggles Despite all efforts to avoid the use of restraints, the nurse needs to apply a restraint to protect a client. Which principles should the nurse follow to correctly implement the use of a restraint for this client? Select all that apply. 3 ✔✔Every two hours the staff will need to release the restraints to provide fluids, toileting, and range of motion A written physician order must be obtained within 24hrs of applying the restraint The restraint chosen must be the least restrictive option available From the list below, choose all of the terms that are proper alternatives to the use of restraints. 5 ✔✔Involve family Consider moving the patient closer to the nurse's station for more frequent checks, Allow restless patients to walk or sit in a rocking chair Reduce the environmental stimulation as much as is safely possible Assess for pain and treat appropriately Rule out causes for agitation When carrying an object you should have it close to the body's center of gravity. To do this, the object must be held ✔✔Close to the body between the waist and the chest To lift an object from the floor you should ✔✔Squat close to the object, lift and stand at the same time When a patient has a latex allergy, it is permitted to not use gloves in a situation you would normally wear gloves: ✔✔False To help identify if a patient has a latex allergy, patients who have latex allergies are also often to allergic to all of the following EXCEPT: ✔✔Apples All of the following can result from electrical currents. Select all that apply: 3 ✔✔Falls Electruction Burns Before using any piece of equipment you should: ✔✔Inspect the power cord and electrical fittings for damage and wear The purpose of Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter (GFCI) is to: ✔✔Turn off the electricity before severe injuries or electrocution can occur All staff and students are responsible for ensuring others do not 'draft' entrance into secure areas when others open doors with badge access ✔✔True Population specific care is important to patient care because: ✔✔All of the above Patient's health needs, reactions to care, dosages needed, etc. can all be affected by age and other factors; patients have different levels of health literacy; competencies must be verified to ensure that they can adjust their care to meet the specific needs of the population they are serving. For a deaf or non-English speaking patient, when is an interpreter with competencies on file NOT required: ✔✔Explaining to patient how to use the call light Every time an interpreter is used for conveying important information to the patient, documentation should be placed in the patient's chart ✔✔True Reporting abuse and neglect is the responsibility of all staff, volunteers, students, etc.: ✔✔True Signs of abuse and/or neglect include all of the following EXCEPT: ✔✔Crying excessively When assessing for signs of abuse and neglet, it is important to look for injuries that are: ✔✔All of the above Inconsistent with story given, in various stages of healing, part of a pattern Injuries are always present when there hasbeen abuse and neglect ✔✔False The various forms of abuse and neglect include all of the following EXCEPT: ✔✔Appropriate patient care All reporting of abuse, neglect, and/or maltreatment should be reported through the chain of command or directly to the department of human services ✔✔True According to the policy Protecting Patients from Abuse or Harassment, if a staff member if suspected of mistreating a patient, important actions to take immediately include: ✔✔All of the Above Removing the staff member from the situation, assessing the patient, notifying your supervisor and the clinical coordinator on duty The National Patient Safety Goal (NPSG) to "Improve the Accuracy of Patient Identification" involves which of the following: ✔✔Using 2 patient identifiers The National Patient Safety Goal (NPSG) to "Improve the Safety of Using Medications" involves all of the following except: ✔✔Prevent MDRO infection The National Patient Safety Goal (NPSG) to "Reduce the Risk of Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAI)" involves which of the following: ✔✔All of the above Always using good hand hygiene, washing handas before and after patient contact, preventing multi-drug resistant organism (MDRO) infections by using ABCD and other catheter-associated urinary tract infection prevention, preventing central-line bloodstream infections and surgical site infections In accordance with the National Patient Safety Goal (NPSG) for what to do when hands are visible soiled, the proper hand hygiene is to: ✔✔Wash hands with soap and water Anyone has the right to report issues and concerns to regulatory bodies such as TJC and DHS: ✔✔True According to TJC all of the following are rules for inappropriate abbreviations EXCEPT: ✔✔Always use standard abbreviations for drug names The following are all examples of patient identifiers EXCEPT: ✔✔Patient's room number or physical location To help eliminate blood transfusion errors, it is important to match the correct patient with the correct blood type at the bedside. Verification should be done by two qualified staff using two patient identifiers. ✔✔True All of the following are true regarding patients at risk for suicide EXCEPT: ✔✔Visitors may bring packages to the patient if requested Drug resistant TB cases have increased. Those at high risk include: ✔✔All of the above nursing home residents, homeless/low income populations, abusers of substances Multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) hospital outbreaks are due to: ✔✔All of the above The delay in identifying clients with TB, ineffective treatment due to drug resistant strains, inadequate TB testing of healthcare workers One of the most significant signs/symptoms of tuberculosis (TB) is: ✔✔Productive, prolonged cough When exposed to infection airborne tuberculosis (TB) particles, the most important protection device worn is a/an: ✔✔Well-fitting mask The Letters in HIPPA stand for ✔✔Health insurance Portability and Accountability Act Under the HIPPA privacy rule, protected health information (PHI) is health information that can be linked to a particular person, including their past, present, or future physical or mental health condition. ✔✔True Which of the statements is NOT true regarding access and or disclosure of public health information ✔✔Since HIPPA only protects only paper and electronic PHI, you can discuss information with your friend and family as ling as you trust them to keep it confidential. It is permissible for me to look up a patients Electronic Health record on a computer when ✔✔The information I access pertains directly to the care I am giving to the patient. All of the following are appropriate guidelines for healthcare practitioners related to social media except: ✔✔Post or share only information or photos gained though the nurse-patient relationship. Health care workers must be trained and drilled to respond to many different types of disasters including ✔✔All the above (natural disasters, technological disasters, major transportation accidents, terrorism, nuclear, chemical, and radiologic events) When you hear "code red" on a unit what action do you take first? ✔✔Confine the fire by closing all the doors in your unit What does RACE stand for? ✔✔Rescue, Alert, Confine, Extinguish Code black" is called overhead for the following situation(s) ✔✔Severe Weather "Code yellow" is called, the hospital should... ✔✔-A and B (follow the external disaster plan, prepare for an influx of patients) Patients have rights regarding pain management; these rights include all of the following except ✔✔Pain relief only when it can be rate din a 1-10 numerical scale All of the following are true regarding pain except: ✔✔Because their nervous system is underdeveloped, children under two years of age have a decreased pain sensitivity and limited memory of painful experiences. These patients are at higher risk for opioid induced respiratory depression ✔✔All of the above (patients who are morbidly obsess, very young, and elderly) The most commonly used tool to help adult patients rate the pain id=s the 1-10 numerical scale. Whish of the following is NOT accurate when using this scale. ✔✔You should avoid over sedation by withholding pain medication until the patient can accurately rate their pain Which of the following are considered non-pharmacological strategies, which may be used to assist in pain management? (Select all that apply) 6 ✔✔Massage, repositioning, guided imagery, distraction/music, relaxation/massage, and acupuncture Which is considered the 5th vital sign? ✔✔Pain Assessment What does FAST stand for ✔✔Face Arms Speech Time Which of the following is a warning sign of stroke ✔✔All the above (loss of speech or trouble talking, sudden numbness on one side of the body, sudden onset of facial weakness) Which of the following regarding stroke is incorrect ✔✔If stroke like symptoms appear they can be ignored To help remember what to do in the case of what to do in a hazardous material split, what acronym can be used? ✔✔CLEAN Hazardous communications is an OSHA regulation that states that employees should ✔✔-A, B, and C (be informed about the hazards from chemicals in their workplace, ensure that hazardous chemicals are properly stored, handled, and disposed of to minimize the exposure to employees, patients, and the general public.) If a cleaning solution is poured into a smaller container, the smaller container does not need to be labled if the larger one was? ✔✔False It is the employee's responsibility to learn emergency procedures for substances they are using in the workplace? ✔✔True Sharps and other physical hazards are NOT included in the hazardous waste program ✔✔False All of the following are sharps except ✔✔Cotton tipped applicators All items should be recapped before placed in the sharps container ✔✔False if the sharps container is full, you should place the items in a biohazard waste bag to protect others from contamination ✔✔False The purpose of the Materials data Safety Sheets (MSDS) is to ✔✔Inform users of the products properties and safety MSDS can be obtained on the hospital computer or by calling a toll free number and must contain the same info ✔✔True All MSDS must be identical to each other ✔✔False Which of the following best describes population specific care? ✔✔Modifying patient care that takes into consideration the patient's culture, age, sex, disability, race/ethnicity, language, religion, and socioeconomic status