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Backflow Questions and Answers Already Passed Actual Cross Connection ✔✔Any arrangement of pipes, fittings, or devices that connects a potable water supply DIRECTLY to a non-potable source at a... ll times. Air Gap ✔✔In plumbing, the unobstructed vertical distance though the free atmosphere between the lowest opening from any pipe or outlet supplying water to a tank, plumbing fixtures. or other container, and the over flow rom of that container. Atmospheric Vacuum Breaker ✔✔A mechanical device consisting of a float check valve and an air-inlet port designed to prevent backsphonage. Auxiliary Supply ✔✔Any water source or system other than the potable water supply, that may be available in the building or premises. Backflow ✔✔A hydraulic condition, caused by a difference in pressures in which non-potable water or other fluids flow into a potable water system. Back Pressure ✔✔A backflow condition in which a pump, elevated tank, boiler, or other means results in a downstream pressure greater than the supply pressure. Backsiphonage ✔✔A backflow condition in which the pressure in the distribution system is less than atmospheric pressure. Bypass ✔✔In cross-connection control, any pipe arrangement that passes water around a protective device causing it to be ineffective Carrier ✔✔A human or animal that carries disease germs and can pass them to another person without getting the disease himself. Check Valve ✔✔A valve designed to open in the direction of normal flow and close with the reversal of flow. Cross Connection ✔✔Any arrangement of pipes, fittings, fixtures, or devices that connects a non-potable system to a portable water system, Double Check Valve Assembly ✔✔A testable mechanical device consisting of two independently operating, spring-loaded check valves. Dystenery ✔✔A disease (sometimes waterborne) caused by pathogenic microorganisms and characterized by severe diarrhea with a passage of mucus and blood. Feed Water ✔✔Water is added to a commercial or industrial system and subsequently used by the system, such as water that is fed to a boiler to produce steam. Gastroenteritis ✔✔An intestinal disease caused by pathogenic microorganisms which involves inflammation of the stomach and intestines. Symptoms are diarrhea, pain, and nausea. Hepatitis ✔✔An inflammation of the liver caused by a pathogenic virus . Symptoms are jaundice, general weakness, nausea and the presence of dark urine. Hose Bibb ✔✔A faucet to which a hose may be attached. Incubation Period ✔✔The time period that elapses between the time a person is exposed to some disease and the time that a person shows the first sign or symptom of the disease. Overflow Level ✔✔The maximum height that water or liquid will rise in the receptacle before it flows over the rim. Potable Water ✔✔Safe for human consumption. Potential Cross Connection ✔✔Any arrangement of pipes, fittings, or devices INDIRECTLY connects a potable water supply to a non-potable source. Pressure Vacuum Breaker ✔✔A device designed to prevent backsiphonge, consisting of one independently operating spring-loaded check valve and an independently operating spring loaded air-inlet valve. Reduced Pressure Zone Backflow Preventer ✔✔A mechanical device consisting of two independent operating, spring-loaded check valves with reduced pressure zone between check valves. RPBP ✔✔A shortened name for a reduced pressure backflow preventer. Salmonellosis ✔✔A disease caused by pathogenic bacteria (often associated chicken) which affects the intestinal tract. The primary symptom is diarrhea. Two types of Backflow ✔✔1. Backpressure 2. Backsiphonge Toxic ✔✔Substances that cause illness or death is called. Biological Pollutant ✔✔organism that does not cause illnesses Example of Biological Pollutant ✔✔Yeast or Yogurt Examples of Biological Contaminants ✔✔1. Ecoli 2.Giarian Example of Chemical Pollutant ✔✔1. Iron 2. Calcium 3. Sulfer Examples of Chemical Contaminants ✔✔1.Antifreeze 2. Gas Who has primary responsibility if there is a backflow incident and contaminated/polluted water enters the distribution system? ✔✔Water Pervayor What steps should a utility company be allowed to take if a customer, with a cross-connection, refuses to install a backflow prevention assembly? ✔✔discontinue water service If the volume of a gas is held constant and temperature increases, what will happen to the pressure? ✔✔Increases How far up a column can water be siphoned in a perfect vacuum? ✔✔33.9 Inches Water traveling at a high velocity past or through a small opening can cause backsiphonge by what effect? ✔✔Venturi Effect How can you break a siphonge action? ✔✔Introduce air into the system. A column of water one foot high generates how many psi? ✔✔.433 One psi equals ✔✔2.31 feet or 27 3/4 inches 40 psi equals how many feet of water ✔✔92.4 inches A column of water 100 feet in height equals how many psi? ✔✔43.3 inches What single household item allows most residential backflows to occur? ✔✔Garden Hose The appropriate height of an air gap is ✔✔Twice the diameter of the pipe above the flood rim the vessel, min of lunch. What is the correct height to install a AVB ✔✔6 Inches above the highest down stream point The biggest disadvantage with using an air gap is ✔✔easy to nullify According to USC what type of protection does a PVB provide ✔✔1. backisphonge 2. Pollutant 3. Containment According to USC what is the correct heigh to install a PVB ✔✔Min of 12 inches above highest down stream point. What type of protection does DCVA provide ✔✔Pollutant, Backpressure, and Backisphonge What is the max psi drop allowed across a DCVA ✔✔10psi What is the max psi drop allowed across an RP ✔✔Varries by size What is the minimum spring tension on the relief valve RPBP/RPZ ✔✔has to open 2 psi When testing the check valve #2 in the RP under the backpressure, how does the tester know if the check holds? ✔✔Should not drop pressure Why are backflow preventers often installed in parallel? ✔✔To allow constant flow of water during repair What are the installation criteria for an AVB? ✔✔6 inches abouve heighest down stream point Under what hazard conditions and backflow conditions can an air gap be used? ✔✔any and all conditions Under what circumstances should you allow only the use of an air gap? ✔✔radioactive materials, sewage What is the minimum pressure drop required for a spring loaded, soft seated check valve? ✔✔1.0 psid What is the difference between PVB and AVB ✔✔PVB is testable AVB is not-testable AVB Float check / PVB Spring check Where is the #1 test cock located on an RPZ or DC ✔✔on the first shut off valve, upstream valve 1 Where is the relief valve of an RP located? ✔✔Check #1 and Check #2 Where is the #2 test cock located on a DC ✔✔Shut off #1 and Check #1 Water pressure fluctuations will cause the relief valve of an RPBP to intermittently ✔✔split / discharge What federal law made water purveyors responsible for water quality all the way to "the last free flowing tap" ✔✔SAFE DRINKING ACT OF 1986 What are some of the criteria for an "approved" prevention assembly? ✔✔Test cocks must be properly located and resilient shut off valve properly located and resilient check valve resilient If you approach an RPZ and discover that it is dripping from the relief what should you do? ✔✔contact the owner, can not test. 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