ISSA Final Exam Questions and Answers Graded A+

ISSA Final Exam Questions and Answers Graded A+ The human body consists of? ✔✔chemicals, cells, tissues Metabolism can be categorized in the following? ✔✔catabolism, anabolism BMR Stands for ? ✔✔basal metabolic rate ...

ISSA Final Exam Questions and Answers Graded A+ The human body consists of? ✔✔chemicals, cells, tissues Metabolism can be categorized in the following? ✔✔catabolism, anabolism BMR Stands for ? ✔✔basal metabolic rate A 30 minute jog would rely most heavily on which energy pathway? ✔✔oxidative What is the automatic tendency to maintain a relatively constant internal environment called? ✔✔homeostasis About 98% of the human body is composed of only six elements: oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, calcium and phosphorous. (T/F) ✔✔True Mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell? (T/F) ✔✔True The heart, arteries, and veins are part of the circulatory system? (T/F) ✔✔True The ATP/CP pathway is considered aerobic? (T/F) ✔✔False Non-oxidative glycolysis is reliable for: ✔✔Up to 2 minutes of ATP production The primary fuel during endurance exercise is? ✔✔fatty acids The main purpose of hormones is ? ✔✔Alter the rate of synthesis of your cellular protein, Change the rate of enzyme activity, Change the rate of transport of nutrients through the cell wall The main purpose of digestion is? ✔✔Break down food and waste elimination The main purpose of the respiratory system is? ✔✔To supply oxygen to the body, To eliminate carbon dioxide in the body, To regulate the body's pH balance The human adult skeleton has how many bones? ✔✔206 T/F There are 80 bones in the Axial Skeleton? ✔✔True This type of joint permits a wide range of movement in ONE plane? ✔✔Hinge Joint Tendons connect bone to bone? T/F ✔✔False What are extensions to muscles fibers and connect muscle to bone? ✔✔Tendons The points of muscle attachment are known as the? ✔✔insertion and origin The origin is the distal attachment of a muscle? T/F ✔✔False These sense organs measure the strain in a muscle and can be used to pre-set the tension of muscles. ✔✔Muscle spindles Myofibrils are constructed of overlapping strands of protein polymers called? ✔✔actin and myosin What is the byproduct of glucose and glycogen metabolism in anaerobic muscle energetics? ✔✔Lactic Acid Type 1 muscle fibers are aerobic? T/F ✔✔True Type 2 muscle fibers are slow twitch muscle fibers? T/F ✔✔False Cardiovascular exercise results in: ✔✔Mitochondrial adaptations, capillary capacity adaptations Muscular hypertrophy is an? ✔✔increase in muscle fiber size What is kinesiology? ✔✔the science or study of movement, and the activity and passive structures involved. What is an example of an antagonist muscle? ✔✔Triceps during a biceps curl The angle of pull is? ✔✔the variance of force at different points in the range of motion of an exercise. A lever is defined as? ✔✔a rigid bar that turns around an axis of rotation or fulcrum Biomechanics is: ✔✔the study of movement Musculoskeletal deviations can result in? ✔✔poor muscle balance, poor flexibility, and improper spinal alignment Excessive lateral curvature of the spinal column is known as? ✔✔scoliosis What should be the prime focus in a fitness activities? ✔✔posture The knee is stabilized on the anterior side by which muscles? ✔✔Quadriceps In a concentric contraction the muscles shorten to produce movements. T/F ✔✔True The antagonist muscle is one that has an action directly opposite to that of the agonist. T/F ✔✔True Muscle force is broken down into the components of: ✔✔magnitude, direction, application of force, line of force Newton's Third Law of Motion deals with force and its relationship to mass and acceleration. T/F ✔✔False A high development of the agonist-antagonist function is essential to the development of a wellaligned and balanced body. T/F ✔✔True The hamstrings muscles are a two joint muscle that act as the knee and the hip. T/F ✔✔True The angle of Q represents: ✔✔starting strength New trainees should ___ through the sticking point and ___ during the less strenuous portion of the lifts ✔✔exhale, inhale The purpose of the general warmup is to? ✔✔increase the functional potential of the body as a whole What should be considered when working on exercise machines? ✔✔range of motion, adjustability, balance Strength is our ability to contract our muscles with maximum force given certain constraints. T/F ✔✔True The Valsalva Maneuver involves expiring against a closed glottis and when combined with contracting muscles of the abdomen and ribcage creates rigidity in the entire torso. T/F ✔✔True What are the three types of basic grip used in weight training? ✔✔neutral, supinated, pronated A supinated grip would be palms down (T/F) ✔✔False What are the major factors that effect strength? ✔✔structural, physiological, psychoneural, environmental A pronated grip would be palms up. T/F ✔✔False A neutral grip would be thumbs up (T/F) ✔✔True The strength curve: ✔✔Relates to any exercise, Analyzes the components of strength production, Has seven factors Aerobic fitness is defined as the capacity to take in, transport, and utilize what substance? ✔✔oxygen Cross training means using several modes of training to develop a specific component of fitness. T/F ✔✔True Increased temperature helps to facilitate increases in ROM. T/F ✔✔True Flexibility is the ability to flex, extend or circumduct the joints through their full intended range of motion. T/F ✔✔True This type of stretching facilitates an increase in muscle length through a maximum isometric contraction of the antagonist? ✔✔CA Stretching If your goal is to improve range of motion, stretch to the point of? ✔✔mild or moderate discomfort The Golgi tendon organ (GTO), muscle spindle and Pacinian corpuscles make up the three primary: ✔✔Inhibitory proprioceptors BMI stand for: ✔✔Body Mass Index BMI is used to? ✔✔Describe relative height to weight and as a predictor of future disease risk Total body fat can be classified as essential and storage body fat. T/F ✔✔True Ectomorphs are classified as? ✔✔Slim or linear body types Body composition testing is the determination of? ✔✔fat and lean compartments of the human body Stage one of the ISSA drawing-in phase is ✔✔Establish yourself as a professional As future ISSA professionals we must seek first to understand our clients before we make recommendations. T/F ✔✔True Communication occurs through what domain? ✔✔Visual, Auditory, Kinesthetic Blood pressure is the force exerted by the blood against the inner walls of the blood vessels. T/F ✔✔True HIT stands for: ✔✔high intensity training What should the weight be increased by if your client can perform 2 or more reps in the last set of two consecutive workouts? ✔✔2 to 10 percent periodization refers to how a training program is broken down into discreet time periods called macrocycles, mesocycles and microcycles (T/F) ✔✔True What does DOMS stand for? ✔✔delayed onset muscle soreness Maximum power will occur somewhere between 55% to 85% of 1RM (T/F) ✔✔True The training zone is at what percentage of your VO2Max? ✔✔55 - 85% What does the push up or sit up tests, test? ✔✔Muscular endurance Exercise intensity should be at what percentage of your VO2max? ✔✔55 - 85% Which method of determining exercise intensity correlates directly to 60 - 80% of VO2max? ✔✔Karvonen Method The ISSA recommends that the intensity level of exercise be 85% to 95% of VO2 max (T/F) ✔✔False What principle states that our bodies will physiologically adapt according to whether we are training aerobically or anaerobically? ✔✔The SAID Principle Good nutrition should be more theoretical and not based on outcomes. T/F ✔✔False What are the common limiting factors when it comes to achieving fitness related goals? ✔✔genetics, exercise, mindset, nutrition What factors should you take into account when deciding on a nutrition strategy? ✔✔life demands, work situation, physical activity, culture If a food is labeled "organic," it is always safe to assume that the food is healthy, nourishing, and not processed. T/F ✔✔False What is the role that the liver plays in the body? ✔✔synthesizes protein from amino acids ingested through food Which two things can glucose be used for? ✔✔ATP production, stored as muscle glycogen _______ is the summation of all things your body does both actively and passively to burn calories in a 24-hour period? ✔✔Metabolic rate, total daily energy expenditure What factors affect energy balance? ✔✔food intake, exercise activity, genetic factors When caloric intake is lower than the amount needed to maintain normal function, RMR increases. T/F ✔✔False Animal-based fats contain a higher ratio of unsaturated fats than plant-based oils. T/F ✔✔False What is the recommended minimum protein intake for sedentary, generally healthy individuals? ✔✔0.8g per kg of body mass For most people drinking about 2 liters of water per day is sufficient. T/F ✔✔True What two things is fish oil rich in? ✔✔DHA, EPA Outcome goals are the steps that you must take to accomplish your behavior goal. T/F ✔✔False Calorie counting is a foolproof method to accurately determine your dietary needs. T/F ✔✔False For women, what is the average portion size of protein dense foods with each meal? ✔✔1 palm portion Eating according to your body type is for more advanced clients; not for beginners. T/F ✔✔True What should asthmatics do to help strengthen their lungs? ✔✔perform specific breathing exercises Asthma is a tightening of the airways of the lungs that results from either undue inflammation of the lining of the airways or specific triggering factors. T/F ✔✔True Pregnant women should avoid exercising over __________ minutes. ✔✔30 Sensible exercise can be a safe and productive undertaking for both a pregnant woman and her fetus (T/F) ✔✔True Obesity and stress are confirmed risk factors for CHD. T/F ✔✔True What are the predominant contributing factors for heart disease? ✔✔too much saturated fat, alcohol, and smoking, and not enough exercise. How many times per day should an individual with arthritis workout? ✔✔2 What is a strength program for an older adult? ✔✔low to moderate intensity with high reps How frequently should an older adult be trained in conjunction with a cardio program? ✔✔2 - 3 times a week The role of an exercise intervention for chronic conditions in adaptive fitness is to increase ____ without exacerbating existing conditions. ✔✔functional fitness The goal of an adaptive fitness session for a client with a disability is improved ____, _____, and _____. ✔✔fitness, mobility, self-efficiency Neurological factors as opposed to hypertrophic factors are primarily responsible for strength gains in children? T/F ✔✔True the recommended RPE range for individuals with hypertension would be __ to __. ✔✔10 to 13 What does ABC stand for? ✔✔airway, breathing, circulation What does RICE stand for? ✔✔rest, ice, compression, elevation heating pads or hot showers are best when followed with ____. ✔✔ice How long to apply ice to reduce inflammation? ✔✔15 minutes