Endocrine Questions and Answers
Graded A
1. There are at least _______________ types of hormones at work in your body right now.
✔✔50
2. Some hormones are just there to make other hormones trigger even more hormones.
...
Endocrine Questions and Answers
Graded A
1. There are at least _______________ types of hormones at work in your body right now.
✔✔50
2. Some hormones are just there to make other hormones trigger even more hormones. This is
referred to by biologists as ____________________________. ✔✔Cascades
3. Both your ___________________________ & ________________________ systems are
constantly giving out orders to your body and dealing with information. ✔✔Endocrine and
nervous
4. Your endocrine system deals with information by sending out ________________________
through your blood. ✔✔Hormones
5. A ______________________ is any structure that makes and secretes a hormone. The master
of the glands is the ___________________________. It produces many hormones that signals
other glands to make hormones. ✔✔Gland, pituitary
6. A hormone can only trigger a reaction in specific cells, __________________, that have the
right receptors for it. ✔✔Target cells
7. Most hormones are made from ______________________________, which are water soluble,
or from ___________________________, which are lipid soluble. ✔✔Amino acids, lipids
8. When a target cell is activated, the hormone alters its activity by either increasing or
decreasing some of its functions, usually with the goal of maintaining your body's
__________________________________. ✔✔Functions/homeostasis
9. If you have a couple of helpings of strawberry-rhubarb pie (a la mode), your blood glucose
level is going to _________________________________. To regulate your blood sugar, your
pancreas releases ________ different hormones. If your glucose levels are high, beta cells release
_____________________ which decreases the blood sugar by INCREASINGDECREASINGthe
rate at which your cells store the sugar. If you haven't eaten anything and your blood sugar drops,
alpha cells send out ___________________________ which helps increase your blood sugar by
INCREASINGDECREASINGthe storage of sugar in your cells and triggering the release of
glucose back into the blood. ✔✔Go through the roof, insulin and glucagon, increasing the rate,
glucagon
10. The Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (__________) axis is a complex series of interactions
between _______ glands that ultimately regulates lots of your body's daily processes. It is one of
the more crucial instances of your endocrine system coordinating with your nervous system.
Specifically, it's behind your ____________________________________ response. ✔✔HPA, 3,
fight or flight
11. The _____________________________ is the hub where the endocrine and nervous system
meet. ✔✔Hypothalamus
12. If you are woken up to your house, action potentials in your brain trigger your hypothalamus
to 1) release ____________. It makes a short trip to the pituitary gland, which releases 2)
_________________. This hormone travels through the blood stream to the adrenal glands on
top of the ____________________. In the adrenal glands #2 triggers the 3) release of hormones
called glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid. Under major stress, these hormones, like
_______________________, trigger the fight or flight response. Back in the brain, the
hypothalamus senses these freak out hormones and stops secreting __________________, which
tells everything else to stop secreting their hormones. ✔✔CRH, ACTH, kidneys, cortisol, CRH
1. The __________________________ is a star of the endocrine system. It is a butterfly shaped
gland located anterior to your trachea and inferior to the larynx. ✔✔Thyroid
2. If your body loses its _________________________________ too dramatically, cellular
function will stop and you will stop being alive. ✔✔Homeostasis
3. Marie had _____________________________________, an immune disorder that results in
the overproduction of thyroid hormones, or hyperthyroidism. ✔✔Graves' disease
4. Most endocrine pathways start with a stimulus in the hypothalamus or
____________________ glands. ✔✔Pituitary
5. Much of the business of everyday life is carried out, not by the HPA axis, but rather by the
hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid axis, or ________________ axis. It sets the thyroid gland into
motion so it regulate just about everything related to your
_________________________________. ✔✔HPT, homeostasis
6. Your nervous system has its own way of sensing that its cold, but your endocrine system gets
involved as soon as your body that the temperature of your _____________________________
has changed. The blood flows past the hypothalamus where temperature sensitive neurons trigger
the release of __________ into the bloodstream. It travels to the pituitary, where it triggers the
release of thyroid stimulating hormone or ____________. This goes on the thyroid where it
triggers the release of hormones into the blood that can then affect _______________ cell in
your body. ✔✔Blood, TRH, TSH, every
7. Thyroid hormone isWATERLIPIDsoluble which allows it to easily pass through the cell
membrane and then move to the nucleus where it tells the cell toINCREASEDECREASE
MAINTANfunction. ✔✔Lipid, increase, decrease and maintain
8. Your glands need negative feedback to know when to stop releasing hormones. That's when
your hypothalamus and ____________________ glands come in. ✔✔Pituitary
9. Diseases like Graves' disease are _____________________________ dysfunctions. In Graves'
disease, your body produces abnormal antibody cells that attack the cells of the
_______________________ gland. These abnormal anitbodies mimic the hormones that the
pituitary gland sends out, so the thyroid doesn't get the message to _______________ working.
If your thyroid doesn't stop, it's hard for you to stop. ✔✔Auto-immune, thyroid, receptors
10. The moral of the story is that hormones mean business, and by business he means living, and
by living he means ________________________________. ✔✔Homeostasis
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