Endocrine System Review Questions and Answers Already Passed

Endocrine System Review Questions and Answers Already Passed endocrine system ✔✔a collection of glands and groups of cells thats secrete hormones that regulate growth,development, and homeostsis hormones ✔✔chemical " ...

Endocrine System Review Questions and Answers Already Passed endocrine system ✔✔a collection of glands and groups of cells thats secrete hormones that regulate growth,development, and homeostsis hormones ✔✔chemical "messengers" of the endocrine system that are released into the blood protein hormones ✔✔class of hormones that cannot pass through the cell membrane; less likely to be stored in the body steroid hormone ✔✔class of hormones that can pass through the cell membrane; can be stored in the body prostaglandins ✔✔local hormones that do not enter the bloodstream positive feedback ✔✔Process that amplifies a small change (Reinforce change) negative feedback ✔✔a response that opposes the original stimulus one messenger model ✔✔mechanism of hormone action used by steroid hormones which bring their message directly into the cell two messenger model ✔✔mechanism of hormone action used by protein hormones; attach to cell membrane receptors which activate enzymes in the cell to produce the desired effect hypersecretion ✔✔excessive hormone production by an endocrine gland hyposecretion ✔✔deficient hormone production by an endocrine gland pituitary gland ✔✔the master gland of the endocrine system growth hormone ✔✔hormone secreted by anterior pituitary gland that stimulates growth of bones luteinizing hormone ✔✔A protein hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary that stimulates ovulation in females and androgen production in males. Prolactin ✔✔Peptide hormone released by anterior pituitary which promotes lactation. follicle stimulating hormone ✔✔secreted in increasing amounts during puberty, by the anterior pituitary gland, to stimulate development of reproductive cell follicles adrenocorticotropic hormone ✔✔A peptide hormone released from the anterior pituitary, it stimulates the production and secretion of steroid hormones by the adrenal cortex. oxytocin ✔✔A hormone produced by the hypothalamus and released from the posterior pituitary. It induces contractions of the uterine muscles during labor. antidiuretic hormone ✔✔hormone secreted by the posterior pituitary gland which aids in water reabsorption by the kidney hypothalamus ✔✔part of the brain which links the endocine and nervous system, and controls the pituitary gland. acromegaly ✔✔Hypersecretion of the GH in adults which causes an overgrowth of bones in the hands, feet, and face thyroid gland ✔✔gland found in neck that regulates rate of metabolism; produces thyroxine calcitonin ✔✔Produced by the thyroid gland and decreases the blood calcium levels by stimulating calcium deposit in the bones. The antagonist of the parathyroid hormone. parahormone ✔✔secreted by parathyroid glands and controls calcium and phosphate metabolism tetany ✔✔condition affecting nerves causing muscle spasms as a result of low amounts of calcium in the blood caused by a deficiency of the parathyroid hormone osteoporosis ✔✔a condition in which the body's bones become weak and break easily; may be caused by hypersecretion of parahormone adrenal gland ✔✔one of a pair of ductless glands, located above the kidneys, consisting of a cortex, which produces steroidal hormones, and a medulla, which produces epinephrine and norepinephrine. cortex ✔✔outer part of kidney which produces corticosteroids; helps body deal with longtern stress medulla ✔✔inner part of kidney which produces epineprine and norepinephrine cortisol ✔✔secreted from the adrenal cortex, aids the body during stress by regulating glucose, carbohydrates, and fat levels aldosterone ✔✔a corticosteroid hormone that is secreted by the cortex of the adrenal gland, regulates mineral balance in blood and controls fluid volumes Cushing syndrome ✔✔excessive production of cortisol by adrenal cortex with symptoms of abnormal fat deposits and wasting away of muscle pancreas ✔✔located partially behind the stomach in the abdomen, and it functions as both an endocrine and exocrine gland. It produces digestive enzymes as well as insulin and glucagon insulin ✔✔a hormone secreted by the beta cells of the Islets of Langerhans of the pancreas responsible for regulating the metabolism of glucose glucagon ✔✔hormone secreted by alpha cells of the pancreas; raises blood glucose levels diabetes ✔✔a condition in which the pancreas fails to produce enough insulin or the body's cells cannot use it properly, characterized by excessive thirst, weight loss/gain, frequent urination. estrogen ✔✔a general term for female steroid sex hormones that are secreted by the ovary and responsible for typical female sexual characteristics progesterone ✔✔A hormone produced by the ovaries which acts with estrogen to bring about the menstral cycle. testosterone ✔✔The male sex hormone produced by the testes which promotes the maturation of the reproductive system accessory structures, and development of the male secondary sex characteristics. pineal gland ✔✔A small mass of tissue near the center of the brain; it secretes the hormone melatonin. melatonin ✔✔Hormone secreted by the pineal gland, used to regulate sleep patterns. Thymus gland ✔✔Gland located near the heart; it aids in the body's defence against infection by making antibodies