CSEP-CEP Practical Exam Questions with accurate answers, rated A+

CSEP-CEP Practical Exam Questions with accurate answers, rated A+ What are the 5 circumference points? - ✔✔-- Arm (midpoint between acromian and olecranon) - Waist (midpoint of iliac crest and ribs) - Hip (furthest ...

CSEP-CEP Practical Exam Questions with accurate answers, rated A+ What are the 5 circumference points? - ✔✔-- Arm (midpoint between acromian and olecranon) - Waist (midpoint of iliac crest and ribs) - Hip (furthest protrusion of glutes) - Thigh (midpoint of inguinal crease and patella) - Calf (furthest protrusion) Describe the pros and cons of skinfold measurements - ✔✔-Pros: accurate for leaner subjects, multiple equations for different populations Cons: high rate of user error, taking repeated measurements can increase error, can be impacted by physical activity (level of water in muscles)/ environment (cold/hot weather), shouldn't be used for obese clients Describe skinfold protocol - ✔✔-Explain the purpose of the test Explain the test procedures Measure skinfolds on right side of body at eye level Lift fold 1 cm above desired site, place calipers directly over desired site Position calipers perpendicular to site of measurement Administer 2 trials within 1mm Measure skinfolds in rotational order DO NOT REMOVE FINGERS PINCHING WHILE MEASURING What are the 7 skinfold sites? - ✔✔-- Tricep (midpoint of acromian and olecranon) - Bicep (belly of bicep) - Scapula (3cm inferior) - Waist (3cm superior of iliac crest) - Stomach (3cm lateral and 1cm inferior of belly) - Thigh (midpoint of inguinal crease and prox patella) - Calf (widest medial point) Describe the pros and cons of bioelectrical impedance - ✔✔-Pros: easy to use, fairly reliable, quick results Cons: can be impacted by client age, water level, cannot be used with people with pacemakers Describe the pros and cons of DEXA - ✔✔-Pros: very reliable, can highlight fat distribution Cons: movement may disrupt image, expensive, exposure to radiation Describe the process of taking BP - ✔✔-1. Locate and palpate radial pulse 2. Close valve and increase pressure to 70 mmHg 3. Slowly increase pressure further until pulse disappears 4. Position earpieces of stethoscope in line with auditory canals 5. Place diaphragm of stethoscope over brachial pulse 6. Close valve and increase pressure to 20-30 mmHg above systolic estimate 7. Release pressure slowly 8. Note pressure of first Korotkoff sound (systolic) 9. Note measurement of Phase V diastolic pressure 10. Continue deflating cuff for at least 10 mmHg. 11. Continue listening for further sounds 12. Record Systolic and Diastolic values 13. Repeat and compare to 1st trial 14. Correctly classify resting blood pressure What are the stages of BP? - ✔✔-Normal - <120/<80 Prehypertension - 120-139/80-89 Stage 1- 140-159/90-99 Stage 2 - > 160/100 Hypertensive crisis >180/110 Describe the normal and abnormal HR response to exercise - ✔✔-Normal: increase in HR depending on what type of exercise Abnormal: sudden increase in HR, increase in HR with no increase in CO Describe the normal and abnormal BP response to exercise - ✔✔-Normal: increase in systolic BP and a slight increase in diastolic BP Abnormal: no increase in BP, severe hypotension post exercise, large increase in DBP What is mean arterial pressure? - ✔✔-Average pressure in arteries during one cardiac cycle (65-110) 5 lead EKG - ✔✔-Green - right lower ribs White - right inferior to clavicle Black - left inferior to clavicle Red - left lower ribs Brown - 4th intercostal space Signs of an MI on a ECG? - ✔✔-Downsloping ST segment and pathologic Q waves What are the segments of the EKG? - ✔✔-QRS complex - ventricular depolarization P - atrial depolarization T - ventricular repolarization ST segment - time between ventricular depolarization and repolarization Length of: QRS complex, PR interval, QT interval, RR interval - ✔✔-PR - 0.12-0.2 QRS - 0.08-0.1 QT - 0.4-0.43 RR - 0.6-1 What are some normal ECG changes during exercise? - ✔✔-Decreased R-R interval P wave magnitude increase Decreased PR interval What are the time frames of the boxes on an ECG? - ✔✔-Small box is 0.04 seconds Big box is 0.2 seconds Describe the process of Spirometry - ✔✔-1. Breathe normally 2. Inspire completely and rapidly with a pause of ≤2 s at TLC 3. Expire with max effort until no air can be expelled while maintaining upright posture 4. Inspire with maximal effort until completely full 5. Repeat instructions as necessary, coaching vigorously 6. Repeat for a minimum of 3 maneuvers, usually no more than 8 for adults Contraindications for Spirometry - ✔✔-- MI/eye/sinus/ear surgery within 1-week - Uncontrolled hypertension - Significant arrhythmia - Recent concussion - Late term pregnancy - Syncope related to expiration/coughing - Avoid vaping/smoking/exercise within 1 hour - Avoid intoxicants 8 hours prior What is FVC? - ✔✔-Forced vital capacity, total volume the patient can force ably exhale in one breath What is FEV1? - ✔✔-Forced expiratory volume in 1 second What is the difference between the 2 largest values in Spirometry testing? - ✔✔-FVC - <0.150L FEV1 - <0.150L What can the client not do during Spirometry testing? - ✔✔-Cannot cough during expiration Normal breaths per minute - ✔✔-12-16 What are the cut points for: TLC, RV, ERV, IRV, TV? - ✔✔-TLC: 6L RV: 1.2L ERV: 0.7-1.2L IRV: 1.9-3.3L TV: 0.5L Tidal volume and size - ✔✔-Amount of air moving in and out of lungs in a normal breath (500mL) Inspiratory reserve volume and size - ✔✔-Amount of air that can be inhaled following a normal inhalation (1900-3200mL) Expiratory reserve volume and size - ✔✔-Amount of air that can be forcefully exhaled after a normal breath (700-1000mL) Residual volume and size - ✔✔-Air remaining in lungs that prevents collapse (1200mL) Forced vital capacity - ✔✔-Volume of gas that can be exhaled as forcefully and rapidly as possible after a maximal inspiration Vital capacity - ✔✔-TV + IRV + ERV Inspiratory capacity - ✔✔-TV + IRV Functional Residual Capacity - ✔✔-RV + ERV What is the order of fitness tests that should be used? - ✔✔-Non-fatiguing tests Agility tests Max power tests Sprint tests Local muscular endurance tests Anaerobic tests Aerobic tests What are some common functional fitness tests? - ✔✔-8 foot up and go 30 second arm curl Grip strength 10 m walk test 1 foot balance 6 minute walk test What are some contraindications of performing an exercise stress test? - ✔✔-Acute MI (4 days) Unstable angina Brady/tachycardia or other abnormal rhythms Acute myo/pericarditis What are some reasons for stopping an exercise test? - ✔✔-HR exceeds 85% of age predicted max Abnormal heart rhythms or response to exercise Tester feels the need to stop Patient feels the need to stop Patient feels dizzy, lightheaded, faint Hypertensive crisis (220/115) or abnormal response to exercise What is the anaerobic threshhold? - ✔✔-Point where the body switches from aerobic to anaerobic metabolism How to identify the anaerobic threshhold? - ✔✔-Blood lactate levels (will suddenly spike) RER level (>1.1 is maximal effort) Ventilatory threshhold (increases rapidly compared to O2 consumption) Give examples of anaerobic capacity tests - ✔✔-Wingate test 300 yard shuttle RAST 60 yard shuttle What is the ventilatory threshold? - ✔✔-Point where ventilation rises rapidly compared to O2 consumed VCO2/VO2 - ✔✔-- ventilation of CO2 and O2, can be used to estimate anaerobic threshold - CO2 will peak past O2 at threshold What is O2 saturation? - ✔✔-Comparison of O2 saturated hemoglobin vs total hemoglobin in blood 95-99% What is the VO2 reserve method? - ✔✔-Similar to the heart rate reserve method Correlates well with HRR VO2 reserve = ((VO max - resting VO2) x % of target) + resting VO2 What is the HRR method? - ✔✔-Karvonen method HRR = ((MHR - RHR) x training %) + RHR Used to determine intensity Describe the Bruce Protocol - ✔✔-- 3 minute stages that increase in grade and speed; goal is to achieve steady state HR - Completed when stopping criteria is met Measure - HR / RPE every minute BP at end of each stage Scored - minutes of completion Describe the Balke Protocol - ✔✔-- 1-minute stages of constant speed that increase in grade (3mph F / 3.3mph M) - Completed when stopping criteria is met Measure - HR / RPE every minute BP at end of each stage Scored - minutes of completion Describe the Ebbling Treadmill test - ✔✔-- 4 min warm up at 0% / 3-4 mph - 4 min walk at 5% and self-selected speed - 4 min cool down at 0%, should reach SSHR in last min Measure - HR and Speed every minute Scoring - Speed, age, SSHR in equation for VO2 max Describe the YMCA test - ✔✔-1st set - 0.5kp (25W) 3 min 2nd, 3rd, 4th sets of 3 min are determined from HR from 1st set Should be within 10bpm of 85% max at 4th stage (if not, add 0.5kp for 3 min) Cool down at 0.5kp 3 min Measure - HR during every minute Scoring - Uses weight / HR / load to estimate VO2 max Describe the mCAFT - ✔✔-- Starting stage determined using client's age - Step up and down steps using audio cadence - Stopped when client can no longer keep cadence or criteria are met Measure - HR at end of stage Scoring - Uses last level completed to predict VO2 max Describe the 1 mile walk - ✔✔-- 3 min warm up at moderate pace - Walk 1 mile as quickly as possible Measure - HR at end of test, time taken to complete test Scoring - Uses weight, age and time completed to estimate VO2 What is a MET? - ✔✔-Oxygen cost of an activity 3.5 mL/kg/min What is RPE? - ✔✔-Rate of perceived exertion Used to quantify how many reps are left in the tank Describe 1RM, when it's used and why it's used - ✔✔-How much weight can be lifted for 1 rep Commonly used for compound lifts (squat, bench) Helps with load and rep prescription Requires high technique and experienced lifters What does a muscular strength test assess - ✔✔-Amount of force that can be produced Provide examples of muscular strength tests - ✔✔-1RM squat, bench Grip strength What does a muscular power test assess? - ✔✔-Assesses how quickly high force can be produced Give examples of power tests - ✔✔-Vertical jump 1RM power clean Standing long jump What does a muscular endurance test assess - ✔✔-Amount of force that can be maintained over a period of time Provide examples of muscular endurance tests - ✔✔-Push ups Chin ups Plank Single leg stance Grip strength protocol - ✔✔-Grip taken between fingers and palm of hand Hold dynamometer in line with forearm at level of the thigh, away from body Exhale while squeezing 2 trials per hand Scoring - max combined value of each hand Sit and reach protocol - ✔✔-Feet flat against flexometer; must not extend beyond crossboards Inner edge of soles 6" apart Knees fully extended Hold position for two seconds Lower head to max distance Repeat test twice Scoring - Highest value reached on flexomete