BESC 3010, Practice Final Exam
Questions with accurate answers.
Verified.
In a sample of women, the number of children that each woman has is an example of which level of
measurement?
A. nominal
B. ordinal
C. i
...
BESC 3010, Practice Final Exam
Questions with accurate answers.
Verified.
In a sample of women, the number of children that each woman has is an example of which level of
measurement?
A. nominal
B. ordinal
C. interval
D. ratio - ✔✔-Ratio
Remember with ratio you can have an absolute zero of something.
Military ranks are an example of what level of measurement?
A. nominal
b. ordinal
C. interval
D. ratio - ✔✔-ordinal; because one person has a higher rank than another but doesn't specify which one
is higher.
Gender is an example of what level of measurement?
a. nominal
b. ordinal
c. interval
d. ratio - ✔✔-nominal; only indicates that people are in different groups
Which level would be most appropriate for describing the distribution below?
A. normal
B. platykurtic
C. positively skewed
D. negatively skewed - ✔✔-positively skewed; extreme scores are at the high end towards the positive
numbers.
Which label would be most appropriate for describing the distribution below?
a. negatively skewed
b. leptokurtic
C. normal
D. biomodal - ✔✔-normal
Which of the following situations is the median an appropriate measure of central tendency?
A. when the average is very high
B. when the mode is less than 10
C. the researcher has ordinal data
D. when the data set has an even number of scores - ✔✔-The researcher has ordinal data
Which of the following is not true about the normal distributions?
A. kurtosis = 1
B. Mean = Mode
C. Mode = Median
D. Skewness = 0 - ✔✔-kurtosis = 1
The visual difference between bar graphs and histograms is that in _____ the bars touch each other and
in _____ the bars do not touch.
A. bar graphs, histograms
B. histograms, bar graphs
C. normal distributions, highly skewed distributions
D. none of the above - ✔✔-Histograms, bar graphs
Compared to the normal distributions, a leptokurtic distribution has a ___ than a normal distribution
A. rounder peak
B. more elongated tail
C. taller peak
D. flatter peak - ✔✔-taller peak
If the dots on a scatter plot generally extend from the bottom left to the upper right of the diagram but
are very widely spread out, the researcher would report due to correlation as:
A. strong and positive
B. strong and negative
C. weak and positive
D. weak and negative - ✔✔-weak and positive (it goes up hill).
#12 The three measures of variability (how spread out things are) are:
A. mean, median, mode (location)
B. z-scores, effect size, independent variable
C. normal, bimodal, unimodal (shape)
D. range, variance, standard deviation - ✔✔-D. range, variance, standard deviation
-Remember that Variability are how spread-out they are.
(normal, bimodal, and Unimodal are shapes distribution)
(Mean, mean and Mode are common Central Tendency)
#13 Which option is the mean of the numbers below?
4, 5, 4, 4, 3, 5, 6, 3, 4, 2
a. 10
b. 8
c. 4
d. 4.5 - ✔✔-4
(to get the mean to add all the numbers and divided y the number of scores)
40 divided by 10
#14 Which option is the median of the numbers below?
4, 3, 4, 4, 3, 3, 6, 3, 4, 2
a. 3
b. 5
c. 4
d. 3.5 - ✔✔-4
(put numbers in order to sort, go to the middle
(if you have an even number you average the score in the middle)
what is the mode of the numbers below?
4, 3, 4, 4, 3, 3, 6, 3, 4, 2 - ✔✔-4
(what is the most frequently occurring number)
#16 what is the standard deviation of the sample represented by the numbers below?
4 5 4 4 3 5 6 3 4 2
a. 3
b. 4.25
c. 3.5
d. 1. 15 - ✔✔-1.15
First, find the mean. Then how far away each score is from the mean.
Need to use the sample formula (not population)
Step 1) Find mean -Mean is 4
Step 2) Subtract 4 from each number (these are the deviation scores)
Step 3) Square those scores (multiply the number by itself) These are now the squared deviation from
the mean
Step 4) Now sum those up by adding squared numbers (add them all up and get 12 - the sum of squares)
Step 5) 12 divided by 9 (degree of freedom because it is a sample so (n-1) = 1.33 That is the variance
Step 6) square root of 1.33 = 1.15
#17 What is the variance of the sample represented by the numbers below?
4, 5, 4, 4, 3, 5, 6, 3, 4, 2
A. 25
B. 18.06
C. 12.23
D. 1.33 - ✔✔-1.33
Just do the same as question 16 but stop at Step 5
(on the final it won't matter if you divide N or n-1... just chose the closest)
What type of variability is used to screen for data entry errors and outliers?
a. range
b. standard deviation
c. variance
d. mean - ✔✔-range; most affected by outliers
mean is not a measure of variability
#19 A problem with using the sample standard deviation to estimate the population standard deviation
is.
a)It is not logically defensible to make estimates about the population based on just sample data.
b)None of the above
c)The sample standard deviation underestimates the population standard deviation.
d) The sample standard deviation and population standard deviation formulas are too dissimilar for
comparison. - ✔✔-c) the sample deviation underestimates the population standard deviation
(it gives you an answer that is too small. This is why we use n-1 because it will make the denominator
smaller to compensate- which makes the overall number bigger so you get a better estimate for the
variability)
#20 If variance is very low
A. the individuals in the data set are very different from each other.
B. the standard deviation is 0
C. the data set is too big
D. the individuals in the data set are very similar to each other - ✔✔-the individuals in the data set are
very similar to each other
#21 Which is the lowest level of measurement needed to calculate a mean?
A. ratio
B. nominal
C. interval
D. ordinal - ✔✔-interval; because it has set spaces between scores
#22 What is the minimal level of data required to calculate a mode?
a. ratio
b. interval
c. ordinal
d. nominal - ✔✔-nominal; because nominal can work for categorical data!
#23 if a data set is converted to z-scores, the new mean of the
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