DSM-5 Exam Pool Questions and answers, rated A+

DSM-5 Exam Pool Questions and answers, rated A+ What are the benefits of having the DSM - ✔✔-Diagnosis: 1. Reduces clinical complexity 2. Treatment Guides 3. Enables communication 4. *Helps to determine benefi ...

DSM-5 Exam Pool Questions and answers, rated A+ What are the benefits of having the DSM - ✔✔-Diagnosis: 1. Reduces clinical complexity 2. Treatment Guides 3. Enables communication 4. *Helps to determine benefits levels from various programs( 5. Legal relevance 6. Epidemiology What are the diagnostic issues specific to mental disorders? - ✔✔-1. differentiation between diagnosis. 2. No biological test for mental illnesses (subjective reporting of diagnosis) 3. Changes in the DSM over time. (what is actually a disorder) 4. Difference in Cultural factors -how people act, relate, and presentations. 5. Subjective treatments (moral judgments. Mental disorder - ✔✔-A syndrome characterized by clinically significant disturbance in an individual's cognition, emotion regulation, or behavior that reflects a dysfunction in the psychological, biological, or developmental processes underlying mental functioning. (*have to involve some type of dysfunction and reflect disability/social, occupation*) ^^Just being deviant or conflict with other individual is not diagnosable. Design of the DSM - ✔✔-1-Polythetic Criteria Set (x number of symptoms to qualify for the diagnosis.) 2. Categories are not mutually exclusive. 3. Design to maximize clinical usefulness. Polythetic Criteria Set - ✔✔--for a diagnosis to be made, a person may have some but not all of the possible diagnostic criteria. Advantages of the DSM system - ✔✔--Creates a framework to guide research about treatment -Creates a framework that may be used to guide treatment decisions -Enables communication among providers -Increases diagnostic reliability -Clarifies process of differential diagnosis Disadvantages of the DSM - ✔✔-*Reliability* 1. One underlying issue (e.g. severe childhood abuse) can lead to a very large number of diagnoses 2. May lead to *labeling people* in ways that undermine identity and self-esteem, and lead to seeing a disease rather than a person 3. May lead to expectations about prognosis that become *self-fulfilling prophecies* (e.g. individuals with schizophrenia in developing countries have substantially better outcomes than those in developed countries) -uses of antipsychotic (thought that schizophrenia must be a life long treatment. ) DSM-III - ✔✔-merely described the disorders and did not talk about etiologies. This was a changes from DSM 1 & 2. DSM-5 - ✔✔-version of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders set to be published in 2013; includes changes to many diagnostic categories (e.g. personality disorders) and more emphasis on severity of symptoms in diagnosis DSM Transition of 4 to 5 - ✔✔-1. The previous 5-axis system of diagnosis was eliminated Provides information about diagnoses, but does not offer specific guidelines about treatment 2. Moves towards a more *dimensional (as opposed to categorical) approach* --E.g. one Autism-Spectrum Disorder as opposed to the five separate categories found in the DSM-IV-TR 3. Organized to follow the lifespan (i.e. diagnoses at the beginning of the book typically manifest early in life) 4. Addition of *Disruptive Mood Regulation Disorder* (this was invented to fix a mix diagnosis problem.) Resolve to stop the easy diagnosis Bi-polar *no treatments* purely diagnostic Criticism of the DSM-5 - ✔✔-1. Normal problems are increasingly seen as pathology. -removal of MDD -lowering criteria for GAD -Removal of Asperger's as 2nd dx 2. Influence from pharmaceutical industry 3. Shift attention to people who could do well without while those who need help don't get it. Diagnostic with the DSM-5 - ✔✔-1. Prototype for the diagnosis, but pt doesn't fit into the criteria. 2. Clinicians vary on whether to adhere strictly to criteria or to diagnose based on similarity to the most relevant prototype 3. Pressure to diagnose "down" avoiding stigmatism 4. Pressure to diagnose "up" -insurance or justify a higher level of care. Syndrome - ✔✔-cluster of signs and symptoms occurring together that are characteristic of a specific disorder Many psychiatric disorders this: Major Depressive Episode symptoms constitute this Categories of DSM-5 - ✔✔-Neurodevelopmental Disorders Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic Disorders Bipolar and Related Disorders Depressive Disorders Anxiety disorders Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders Trauma- and Stressor-Related Disorders Dissociative Disorders Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders Feeding and Eating Disorders Elimination Disorders More Categories of