AQA A-Level Psychology - Humanistic approach Latest 2023 Graded A+

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AQA A-Level Psychology - Humanistic approach Latest 2023 Graded A+ What is the humanistic approach? ✔✔An approach that was developed in 1950's America that was a direct contrast to the behaviourists and psychoanalysis approach. The humanistic approach emphasises a person's positive qualities, the capacity for positive growth, and the freedom to choose any destiny. What are the four main assumptions of the humanistic approach? ✔✔1. Internal experiences and behaviour should be the focus of psychology 2. Psychological approaches should be based on individual case studies 3. Goal of psychology is to understand individual experience and enhance people's lives 4. Individuals are active agents who are in control of their own lives What are the four key assumptions of the humanistic approach? ✔✔1. Every individual is unique 2. We have free will 3. People should be viewed holistically 4. The scientific method is not appropriate to measure behaviour (it is too objective when humans are subjective) Humanistic approach - A01 ✔✔- Offers a less deterministic and artificial approach to psychology - Humanistic there's are concerned with human experiences, uniqueness, meaning, freedom and choice Humanistic approach - A01 (Free will) ✔✔-Individuals are active agents who have the ability to control their own lives and development, meaning they have free will -This does not mean we are not affected by external or internal influences Humanistic approach - A01 (Hierarchy of needs 1) ✔✔- Proposed by Maslow who believed that humans are motivated by needs beyond those of basic biological survival -Fundamental to human nature is the desire to grow and develop to achieve our full potential - referred to as self actualisation - Everyone has an innate tendency to want to self actualise -Maslow's theory emphasises uniquely human motivational factors - higher level needs are a later evolutionary development of human species Humanistic approach - A01 (Hierarchy of needs 2) ✔✔- Ranges from basic needs to higher level of psychological and actualisation needs -First four levels are known as the deficiency needs (without them we would feel we are missing something) -All four levels of hierarchy must be met before an individual can work towards self actualisation Humanistic approach - A01 (Focus on self 1) ✔✔- Carl Rogers points out that individuals strive to achieve their ideal selves because they are motivated towards self improvement -Rogers felt that Freud dealt with the "sick half" of psychology whereas the humanistic approach uses explanations of healthy growth in individuals which is more positive Humanistic approach - A01 (Focus on self 2) ✔✔- Carl Rogers suggests that there are three selves that need to be integrated to chive self actualisation: 1) The self concept (who you think you are, the root of self esteem. This may be distorted) 2) The ideal self (The self you wish to be and are aiming towards) 3) The real self (The person you are not who you think or want to be) Humanistic approach - A01 (Congruence 1) ✔✔ Humanistic approach - A01 (Congruence 2) ✔✔ Humanistic approach - A03 (Strength 1) ✔✔P) Humanistic approach's primary applications

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