First Responder Exam Review

First Responder Exam Review CPR consists of 4 main parts: A= B= C= D= - ✔✔Airway Breathing Chest Compressions Defibrillation What is the compression? - ✔✔Pumps the blood in the heart to the rest of body What c ...

First Responder Exam Review CPR consists of 4 main parts: A= B= C= D= - ✔✔Airway Breathing Chest Compressions Defibrillation What is the compression? - ✔✔Pumps the blood in the heart to the rest of body What causes gastric inflation? - ✔✔if you breath too quickly or with too much force What is the compression ventilation ratio for 1 rescuer adult CPR? - ✔✔30:2 What ages are considered children? - ✔✔12 months- pueberty What ages are considered infants? - ✔✔birth- 12 months What ages are considered adults? - ✔✔pueberty and up What is the compression-ventilation for 2 rescuer adult CPR? - ✔✔30:2 What is the compression-ventilation for 2 rescuer child CPR? - ✔✔15:2 The earlier the defibrillation occurs the ______ the survival rate - ✔✔higher AED stands for___ - ✔✔Automated External Defibrillator Use the _______ hands technique for infant 2 rescuers - ✔✔2-thumb- encircling To relieve chocking in the infant give - ✔✔A combination of back slaps and chest thrusts What should you do if a patient had agonal breaths - ✔✔Activate emergency response system, check pulse, start CPR Where should you assess a pulse in an adult? - ✔✔Carotid artery Where should you assess a pulse in an infant - ✔✔Brachial Pulse The chain of human resources and services linked together to provide continuous emergency care from the prehospital scene, through transport, and arrival at the medical facility - ✔✔EMS(Emergency Medical Service System) A member of the EMS System who provide pre-arrival instructions to callers, there by helping to initiate life-saving care before EMS personnel arrive - ✔✔Emergency Medical Dispatcher A physician who assumes the ultimate responsibility for medical oversight of the patient care aspects of the EMS systems - ✔✔Medical Director A specific set of steps developed by the EMS system's medical director - ✔✔Protocols Specific instructions developed by the medical director, which authorize the Emergency Medical Responder, EMT, or Paramedic to provide care for specific medical conditions or injuries - ✔✔standing orders Standing orders and protocol developed by an EMS system that authorize rescuers to perform particular skills in certain situations without actually speaking to the MD - ✔✔Off-line medical direction Orders to perform a skill or administer care from the on-duty physician, given to the rescuer in person, by radio, or by phone - ✔✔On-line Medical Direction To protect yourself from infectious diseases, typically you will need no more than _____ - ✔✔gloves The prehospital assessment and basic care for the sick or injured patient - ✔✔Emergency care Give several components of the EMS - ✔✔first reponders, paramedics, the dispature, police man, fire man The patient provides verbal permission to provide care - ✔✔Expressed consent An unresponsive patient is assumed to want help - ✔✔Implied Consent A failure to provide the expected standard of care - ✔✔Negligence A series of laws designed to protect care providers who deliver care in good faith to the level of there training and with out compensation - ✔✔Good Samaritan Law Give the stages of grief and describe - ✔✔Denial- patient denys he is dying and puts off having to deal with situation Anger- angry about situation, vented on family members Bargaining- patient believes bargaining will postpone the inevitable Depression- patient becomes sad, depressed, and mourns things he has not done Acceptance- works through all stages and finally is able to accept death An emotionally draining, nerve raking time caused by an overload of work/drama - ✔✔stress an emergency that involves more than one victim and over whelms the 1st responding units - ✔✔multiple-casualty A method of infection control based on the presumption that all body fluids are infectious, practice of using specific barriers to minimize contact with a patient's blood and body fluids - ✔✔BSI- Body Substances Equipment such as eyewear, mask, gloves, gown, turnout gear, and helmet, which protect the rescuers from infection and or from exposure to hazardous materials and the dangers of rescue operations - ✔✔PPE- personal protective equipment Give a blood-borne pathogen - ✔✔Hepatitis B, HIV A lung infection that can be transmitted by airborne aerosplized droplets - ✔✔TB(Tuberculosis) A disease that inflames and damages the liver, very infectious, life-long illness/ death - ✔✔Hepatitis A situation or part of the situation that causes stress - ✔✔stressor Common Causes of stress: - ✔✔Multi casualty incidents, death of coworker, child injury, violence, abuse, neglect An in-depth broad plan designed to help rescue personnel cope with the stress resulting from a highly stressful incident - ✔✔Critical Incident Stress Management The study of body structure - ✔✔Anatomy The standard reference position for the body in the study of anatomy - ✔✔Anatomical Position the patient is lying face up - ✔✔supine The patient is lying face down - ✔✔Prone the patient is lying on its side - ✔✔Lateral Recumbent the front of the body - ✔✔Anterior the back of the back of the body or body part - ✔✔Posterior An imaginary vertical line used to divide the body into right and left - ✔✔Midline Towards the midline of the body - ✔✔medial To the side, away from the midline of the body - ✔✔lateral towards the head - ✔✔Superior away from the head - ✔✔Inferior closer to the torso - ✔✔proximal farther away from the torso - ✔✔distal The muscular structure that divides the chest cavity from the abdominal cavity is the - ✔✔diaphragm A body structure used to help find the position of the heart in the body for CPR is the - ✔✔Zyfoyd Process The organ found in the pelvic cavity is the - ✔✔bladder, large intestine, reproductive organs Responsible for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide - ✔✔Respiratory System carry well oxygenated blood and other nutrients to the body's calls, and assist with the removal of wastes and carbon dioxide from the cells - ✔✔Circulatory System Provides structure, support, and protection for the body and internal organs - ✔✔Muscular System Control movement, interprets sensations, regulate body activities and generate memory and thought - ✔✔Nervous System Digest and absorb food and remove certain waste - ✔✔Digestive System Removes chemical waste from the blood and help balance water and salt levels in the blood - ✔✔Urinary System Produces hormones needed for sexual reproduction - ✔✔Reproductive System Protects the body from disease causing organisms with white blood cells, microorganismsattacking cells, anti producing cells and anti bodies - ✔✔Immune System The proper use of the body to facilitate lifting and moving and to minimize injury - ✔✔Body Mechanics List the rules to follow in a lift - ✔✔Position your feet properly Lift with your legs and avoid putting weight to either side minimize twisting keep weight as close to your body as possible when going down stairs use a chair or commertial stair chair instead of wheeled stretcher A patient move that is carried out quickly when the scene is hazardous care of the patient requires immediate repositioning or you must reach another patient who needs life saving care - ✔✔Emergency Move the preferred choice when the situation is not urgent the patient is stable and you have adequate time and personnel for a move - ✔✔Non Emergency Move The position in which a patient with no suspected spine injuries may be placed usually on the left side - ✔✔Recovery Position Also known as backboards used for patients who are found lying down or standing that have a suspected spine injury - ✔✔Spine Board Used to help immobilize and remove patients found in a seated position in a vehicle - ✔✔Vesttype extraction device Typically used in more rural settings to move the patient from one level of the ground to another or rough terrain - ✔✔basket stretcher Normal Respiration of an adult - ✔✔12-20 breaths Sample - ✔✔Signs and Symptoms Allergies Medications pertinant past medical history Last oral intake Events leading to the illness or injusry AVPU - ✔✔Alert Verbel Pain Unresponsive an abstructive indication of illness or injury that can be seem heard smelled of felt by another person - ✔✔Sign Is a subjective indication of illness or injury that cannot be observed by another person or felt and reported by the patient - ✔✔Symptom During which of the major part of the patient assessment is the patient assessed for life threatening problems? - ✔✔Initial Assignment What is blood pressure? - ✔✔One out of 5 signs referred to as vital signs. the measurement of blood against the walls of your arteries the heart's contractions faze the first beating or tapping sound heard - ✔✔systole when the pressure in the arteries fall, the beating or tapping sound becomes dull or soft - ✔✔Diastole What is the rule for estimating normal range of blood pressure? - ✔✔100+ their age