NES 103 Science Questions and Answers Graded A

NES 103 Science Questions and Answers Graded A igneous rock ✔✔formed as result of tectonic process that brings magma to earth's surface what's after volcano! sedimentary rock ✔✔formed from the compaction of rock frag ...

NES 103 Science Questions and Answers Graded A igneous rock ✔✔formed as result of tectonic process that brings magma to earth's surface what's after volcano! sedimentary rock ✔✔formed from the compaction of rock fragments what's after erosion! metamorphic rocks ✔✔extreme pressure causes rocks to change... will next go into magma if heats up! Pangea ✔✔200 million years ago.. all continents together hydrosphere ✔✔the many bodies of water on earth's surface groundwater ✔✔water stored underground in rock formations called aquifers atmosphere ✔✔the mass of gases above earth's surface ozone layer ✔✔located in the stratosphere (2nd level in the atmosphere from earth) captures harmful radiation humidity ✔✔amount of water vapor in air climate zone ✔✔3 main climate zones: -Polar -Temperate -Tropical carbs ✔✔sugars that act as source of energy lipids ✔✔fats way to store energy proteins ✔✔composed of building blocks called amino acids nucleic acid ✔✔such as DNA and RNA store genetic code chromosomes ✔✔inside nucleus organisms ✔✔have at least one cell organ systems ✔✔such as digestive system or respiratory system membrane ✔✔protective covering mitosis ✔✔cell division replication of cells and produces 2 cells with the same DNA as original cell meiosis ✔✔reproduction of sex cells(eggs and sperm) biosphere ✔✔all the living and non living parts of earth biome ✔✔tropical rain forests (general) whereas an ecosystem is Amazon Rainforest (specific) protons ✔✔positive charge, found in nucleous neutrons ✔✔no charge, found in nucleous electrons ✔✔orbit the nucleus negatively charged atomic mass ✔✔mass of the protons and neutrons molecule ✔✔2 or more atoms join together covalent bond ✔✔atoms share electrons ionic bond ✔✔2 ions with opposite charges are attracted to eachother and bind together ion ✔✔charged atom Solid matter ✔✔densely packed molecules doesn't change with volume or shape Liquid matter ✔✔loosely packed molecules can change in shape but NOT volume Gas matter ✔✔molecules are widely dispersed can change in both shape and volume plasma ✔✔like gas: molecules are widely dispersed can change in both shape and volume But contains free moving charged particles physical change ✔✔matter changing state (changing its form) but doesn't alter the chemical composition of a substance ex -cutting -heating -changing shape solution ✔✔a mixture with uniform distribution solute ✔✔substance being dissolved (salt) solvent ✔✔what a solvent is dissolved in (water) chemical change ✔✔bonds between atoms are made or broken result: new substance exothermic ✔✔chemical reaction that energy (heat) is released endothermic ✔✔energy is required for reaction to take place oxidation ✔✔chemical change substance loses electrons iron rusts when exposed to oxygen, forming iron oxide combustion ✔✔produces heat, carbon dioxide, and water burning fuel synthesis ✔✔a chemical reaction that forms a single substance out of the combo of 2 mass ✔✔amount of matter in an object weight ✔✔the force of the gravitational pull of an object density ✔✔mass divided by volume insulators ✔✔poor conductors like wood, plastic pH scale ✔✔ACIDS 1-14 water, neutral: 7 lemon: lower than 7 soap: higher than 7 speed ✔✔how quickly something moves velocity ✔✔rate at which something changes position (includes direction) force ✔✔a push or a pull that causes object to move -gravity -tension -normal force (resting on an object) equilibrium ✔✔object that is at rest or moving with constant speed (means it has a net force of zero) Laws of Motion (Newton) ✔✔-1st law: object at rest, stays at rest. Object in motion stays in motion unless a force stops it -2nd law: Force= mass x acceleration -3rd law: for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction energy ✔✔capacity of object to cause movement or change kinetic energy ✔✔objects in motion potential energy ✔✔objects that have potential to be in motion due to their position A book 10 feet above ground has more potential engergy than 3 feet above ground (more to fall, more work to do) tempurature ✔✔kinetic energy (atoms in movement) conduction ✔✔2 surfaces in contact stove and pot convection ✔✔circular fossil fuels ✔✔oil, natural gas, coal non renewable resources