NCC EFM Cert. Exam (2022/2023)
Already Passed
Ductus venosus connects ______ to ______? ✔✔Umb. vein to IVC
Foramen ovale connects _______to______? ✔✔R. atrium to L. atrium
Ductus arteriosus connects _______ to ______
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NCC EFM Cert. Exam (2022/2023)
Already Passed
Ductus venosus connects ______ to ______? ✔✔Umb. vein to IVC
Foramen ovale connects _______to______? ✔✔R. atrium to L. atrium
Ductus arteriosus connects _______ to _______? ✔✔Pulm. artery to aorta
Normal rate ✔✔110 to 160 BPM
Average baseline rate at 15wks gestation ✔✔160 BPM
Average rate in fetus with heart block ✔✔60 BPM (intrinsic ventricular or nodal rate)
Sympathetic effects ✔✔Incr. HR, constricted peripheral and visceral blood vessels, vital organs
dilate and receive more blood
Gest. age at which autonomic nervous system is fully developed ✔✔~ 32wks
Primary indicator of fetal oxygenation ✔✔Presence or absence of variability
Location of chemoreceptors ✔✔aortic arch
Chemoreceptors respond to? ✔✔Changes in O2 and CO2
Location of baroreceptors ✔✔Aortic arch and carotid bodies
Maximal reactivity occurs when? ✔✔Late at night
Max duration of fetal nonreactivity? ✔✔80min
Sensitivity ✔✔Probablity of detecting a true positive
Specificity ✔✔Probability that true negative will be detected
False positive ✔✔erroneosly positive when reality is negative
False negative ✔✔erroneously negative when reality is positive
NST ✔✔Two 15x15 accels in 20min (up to 40min)
% of false positive CSTs? ✔✔~ 30%
BPP components ✔✔1) Fetal breathing movements
2) Gross body movements
3) Fetal tone
4) Reactive fetal heart rate
5) Qualitiative amniotic fluid volume
BPP Score of 10 ✔✔Normal
BPP Score of 8 ✔✔Nl infant, low risk of chronic asphyxia
BPP Score of 6 ✔✔Borderline result - rpt in 24hrs
BPP Score of 4 ✔✔Suspect chronic asphyxia
BPP Score of 0-2 ✔✔Strongly suspect chronic asphyxia
Early manifestation of fetal acidosis? ✔✔Non-reacive NST and loss of FBM
Change in FBM with maternal glucose changes? ✔✔FBM incr. with rising mGlu
FBM decr. with mHYPOglycemia
Maternal smoking effects FBM how? ✔✔FBM decr. with msmoking
Corticosteroids effects FBM? ✔✔corticosteroids may decr. FBM
Maternal PAO2 at sea level? ✔✔~105mmHg
Change in cardiac output and SVR in pre-E? ✔✔CO and SVR INCREASED in pre-E
Prolonged decels occured in ___% of uterine rupture? ✔✔71%
Signif. neonatal morbidity occured when ____min or longer elapsed between onset of HFR decel
and delivery. ✔✔18min
Normal arterial pH for healthy vaginal deliveries? ✔✔7.28+/- 0.05
Normal arterial pO2 for healthy vaginal deliveries? ✔✔18.0 +/- 6.2
Normal arterial pCO2 for healthy vaginal deliveries? ✔✔49.2 +/- 8.4
Normal base deficit for healthy vaginal deliveries? ✔✔Less than 12
pH at which acidosis ✔✔7.2 (7.1)
Tachysystole ✔✔>5 contractions in 10min
Baseline (defn) ✔✔mean FHR rounded to increments of 5 BPM during a 10min perioud excl.
periodic or episodic changes, contractions, periods of marked variability, and segments of
baseline that differ by >25 BPM
Sinusoidal pattern? ✔✔Fetal anemia
As many as ___% of infants with complete heart block have assoc. congenital cardiac
malformations. ✔✔50%
Mortality rate for newborns with complete heart block ✔✔25%
Newborn with complete heart block in absence of congen. heart disease frequently has neonatal
___________. ✔✔Lupus erthematosus
Baseline variability (defn) ✔✔Fluctuations in baseline FHR >2 cycles per minute (peak to
trough); irregular in amplitude and frequency
Minimal baseline variability ✔✔> undetectable but 25 bpm
T/F Performing fetal stimulation is appropriate during decels or bradycardia. ✔✔FALSE - Fetal
stim should be performed when FHR is at the baseline.
Early Decel (defn) ✔✔visually apparrent GRADUAL decrease (onset to nadir >=30sec of FHR
below baseline), nadir occurs at peak of contraction
Early decel (physiology) ✔✔Fetal head copmression (vagal reflex), often sen between 4-6cm
dilation
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